مقایسۀ اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی و آموزش جرأت‌مندی بر اجتناب و فشار اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان متوسطۀ اول دارای اضطراب یادگیری زبان خارجی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی
خوشدوی ابراهیم زاده
1
(دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارو‌میه، ارو‌میه، ایران.)
اسماعیل سلیمانی
2
(دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارو‌میه، ارو‌میه، ایران.)
کریم صادقی
3
(استاد گروه زبان‌های خارجی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارو‌میه، ارو‌میه، ایران.)
کلید واژه: آموزش جرأت‌مندی, اجتناب و فشار اجتماعی, دانش‌آموزان متوسطۀ اول, درمان فراشناختی, اضطراب یادگیری زبان خارجی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف مقایسۀ اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی و آموزش جرأت‌مندی بر اجتناب و فشار اجتماعی دانش آموزان متوسطۀ اول دارای اضطراب یادگیری زبان خارجی انجام پذیرفت. طرح پژوهش از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون – پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش، کلیۀ دانش‌آموزان مدارس متوسطۀ اول دولتی شهر ارو‌میه در سال 99-1398 بود. برای گزینش نمونه از روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای استفاده شد و داده ها با پرسشنامۀ اضطراب کلاس زبان (Horwitz, Horwitz & Cope, 1986) و مقیاس اجتناب و فشار اجتماعی (Watson & Friend, 1969) جمع‌آوری شدند. 60 نفر از دانش‌آموزان به طور تصادفی انتخاب و در گروه های آزمایشی (فراشناخت و جرأت‌مندی) و گروه کنترل گمارده شدند (20 نفر برای هر گروه). داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که فراشناخت و جرأت‌مندی باعث کاهش اجتناب و فشار اجتماعی شده است و اثرات آنها در مرحلة پیگیری نیز ماندگار بود (001/0P<). براساس نتایج به دست آمده بین گروه های درمان فراشناخت و آموزش جرأت‌مندی در کاهش اجتناب و فشار اجتماعی دانش آموزان تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P).
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive Therapy and assertiveness training on social avoidance and distress of students with foreign language anxiety (FLA). The research design was semi-experimental and the population of the study was all students of public Junior high schools in Urmia, Iran. 60 students were selected following a multi-step random sampling procedure and were randomly assigned into three groups (N= 20 each). the data were analyzed using foreign language classroom anxiety scale (Horwitz, Horwitz & Cope, 1986) and social avoidance and distress scale (Watson & Friend, 1969). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that metacognitive and assertiveness are effective in reducing social avoidance and distress, their effects are persistent in the follow-up phase (p <0.001). The obtained results show that metacognitive and assertiveness are effective in reducing social avoidance and distress students in both stages and the difference between metacognitive and assertiveness groups is not significant (p <0.05). Based on the results, there was no significant difference between metacognitive therapy and assertiveness training groups in reducing avoidance and social pressure (P <0.05).
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