اثر ذهن‌آگاهی و مقابله مذهبی (مثبت و منفی) بر بهزیستی روانی دانشجویان در همه‌گیری ویروس کرونا با میانجیگری امیدواری و عاطفه مثبت
محورهای موضوعی : سلامتزهره هاشمی 1 , سامره اسدی مجره 2
1 - دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
کلید واژه: عاطفه مثبت, بهزیستی روانی, ذهن‌آگاهی, مقابله مذهبی, امیدواری,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل مسیر ذهن آگاهی و مقابله مذهبی با بهزیستی روانی دانشجویان در دوران قرنطینه همه گیری ویروس کرونا به واسطه نقش امیدواری و عاطفه مثبت انجام گردید. روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و تحلیل مسیر است. نمونه آماری شامل 210 دانشجوی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت در نیمسال دوم سال تحصیلی 1400-1399، به روش نمونه گیری دردسترس انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامه بهزیستی روانی Ryff, 1989))، مقیاس ذهن آگاهی) Walach et al, 2006)، پرسشنامه مقابله مذهبی Pargament, Feuille & Burdzy, 2011))، مقیاس امیدواریSchneider, 1991)) و مقیاس عاطفه مثبت/ منفی Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988)) را تکمیل کردند. داده ها با استفاده از شاخص های توصیفی و روش تحلیل مسیر تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات مستقیم متغیرهای پیش بین ذهن آگاهی، مقابله مذهبی مثبت و مقابله مذهبی منفی بر متغیر ملاک امیدواری و متغیر عاطفه مثبت معنادار است (05/0p<). همچنین اثرات غیرمستقیم عاطفه مثبت، ذهن آگاهی، مقابله مذهبی منفی، و مقابله مذهبی مثبت به ترتیب بر بهزیستی روانی افراد دارند (01/0p<). بر اساس یافته ها می توان نتیجه گرفت امیدواری و عاطفه مثبت در ارتباط میان ذهن آگاهی و مقابله مذهبی با بهزیستی روانی دانشجویان نقش تعدیل کنندگی دارند و یافته های پژوهش، دارای تلویحات کاربردی برای روان شناسان بالینی و سلامت می باشد.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of mindfulness and religious coping on students' well-being during the quarantine period of the Coronavirus epidemic by mediating hope and positive affect. The research method is descriptive correlation and path analysis. Statistical samples included 210 students of Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, were selected by available sampling method in the second semester of the academic year 2020-2021. They completed the Well-Being Questionnaire (Ryff, 1989), Mindfulness Scale (Walach et al, 2006), Religious Coping Questionnairethe (Pargament, Feuille & Burdzy, 2011), Hope Scale (Schneider, 1991), and Positive / Negative Emotion Scale (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). Data were analyzed using descriptive indicators and path analysis methods. The results showed that the direct effects of predictors of mindfulness, positive religious coping and negative religious coping on hope and positive emotion were significant (p <0.05). Also, the indirect effects of positive emotion, mindfulness, negative religious coping, and positive religious coping have on the well-being of individuals, respectively (p <0.01). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that hope and positive emotion have a moderating role in the relationship between mindfulness and religious coping with well-being in students, and the research findings have practical implications for clinical and health psychologists.
Abolmaali Alhoseini, K., Mohamadi Tabar Kasgari, F. (2016). The role of mothers' personality traits and psychological well-being in anxiety and depression in primary school girls. The Women and Families Cultural-Educational, 11(37), 113-132. [In Persian]
Ahmadvand, Z., heidarinasab, L., shoeiri, M. (2013). Explain psychological well-being based on component Mindfulness. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology, 1(2), 60-69. [In Persian]
Alipour Shahir, M., Esfahani Khaleghi, A., Arabzadeh, M., Alipour Shahir, B. (2021). Effectiveness of mindfulness on stress, happiness and hope in patients with cardiovascular disease. RJMS, 28 (3), 19-30. [In Persian]
Arkhodi ghalenoei, M., Haghayeghi, M., Saeidi Rezvani, T. (2021). The Mediating Role of Hope in the Relationship between Religious Beliefs and Corona virus Disease Anxiety. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 12(47), 307-328. [In Persian]
Astuti, H. W. Y., Agustin, M., Sari, S. P., Wijayanti, D. W., Sarjana, W., and Locsin, R. C. (2020). Effects of Mindfulness on Stimulating Hope and Recovery among People with Schizophrenia. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 10(2), 119-129.
Bahadori Khosroshahi, J., Hashemi Nosratabad, T. (2012). The relationship between hopefulness and resiliency with psychological well- being: a study in the university students. Journal of clinical psychology andishe va rafter, 6(22), 41-50. [In Persian]
Bahari, S., Farkish, C. (2009). The Relationship between Ego-Identity Status and Attachment Styles with Psychological Well-beings among Youngesters. The Journal of Modern Thoughts in Education, 4(2), 65-49. [In Persian]
Beirami, M., Hashemi Nosrat Abad, T., Pak, R., Jorbonyan, A. (2019). The role of mindfulness in prediction of Hope. Modern psychological researches, 14, 1-9. [In Persian]
Bellin, Z.J. (2015). The Meaning Connection between Mindfulness and Happiness. Humanistic counseling, 54(3), 221-235.
Berjis, M., HakimJavadi, M., Taher, M., Gholamali Lavasani, M., & HosseinKhanzadeh, A. A. (2013). A comparison of the amount of worry, hope and meaning of life in the mothers of deaf children, children with autism and children with learning disability. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 3(1), 148-155. [In Persian]
Besharat, M., Koochi, S., Dehghani, M., Farahani, H., Momenzadeh, S. (2013). Survey of Moderating Role of Positive and Negative Affections on the Relationship between Alexithymia and Experience of Pain in Chronic Pain Patients. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 10(2), 103-113. [In Persian]
Bester, E., Naidoo, P., Botha, A. (2016). The role of mindfulnwess in the relationship between life satisfaction and spiritual wellbeing among the elderly. Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, 51(2), 244-265.
Coo, C., Salanova, M. (2018). Mindfulness Can Make You Happy-and-Productive: A Mindfulness Controlled Trial and Its Effects on Happiness, Work Engagement and Performanc. Happiness Studies, 19(6), 1691-1711.
Corno, G., Molinari, G., & Banos, R.M. (2016). Assessing positive and negative experiences: validation of a new measure of well-being in an Italian population. Rivista di Psichiatria, 51(3), 110-115.
Dasht Bozorgi Z, Alipoor S, Shahandh A, #Payan S. Predicting the life expectancy in nurse based on happiness, acting to religious beliefs and psychological hardiness. Nursing Management, 6, 57-65. [In Persian]
Delavar, A. (2016). Research Methods in Psychology and Educational Sciences. Virayesh.
Emanuel, A.S., Updegraff, J.A., Kalmbach, A.D., & Ciesla, J.A. (2010). The role of mindfulness facets in affective forecasting. Personality and Individual differences, 49, 815-818.
Genc, E., Arslan, G. (2021). Optimism and dispositional hope to promote college students’ subjective well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 5(2), 87-96.
Gholamzadeh, S., Dehghanrad, F., Pasyar, N., Zarshenas, L., Kargar, L., Magharei, M. (2018). The Association between Negative and Positive Religious Coping and Level of Hope among the Elderly Referring to Day Centers in Shiraz. Sadra Medical Journal, 6(2), 125-136. [In Persian]
Goudarzi, M., Ghasemi, N., Mirderikvand, F., GholamreZaei, S. (2018). The Effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on positive affect, psychological flexibility and mind-awareness components of people with depression symptoms. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 5 (5), 53-68.
Hasemi Jobaneh, R., Arab Zadeh, M., Jalili Nikoo, S., Mohammad Alipoor, Z., Mohsenzadeh, F. (2015). Survey the Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of Short Form of Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory. JRUMS, 14 (2), 137-150. [In Persian]
Hooman, H. A. (2011). Structural Equation modeling with Lisrell application. Samt Publications.
Homayouni, A., Seifi, Z., Mortazavi, N. (2020). The prediction of occupational well-being based on religious coping styles, psychological capital and work-family conflict. Islamic Life Style, 3 (3), 22-32. [In Persian]
Jahandar, M., Alipour, A. (2021). Comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness training based on stress reduction on resilience and life expectancy of AIDS patients. Medical journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 64(2), 1-10. [In Persian]
Karbalaie, M., yazdanbakhsh, K., karimi, P. (2021). Predicting Psychological Well-Being Based on Emotion Regulation, Cognitive Flexibility and Mindfulness in Cancer Patients. Quartery Journal of Health Psychology, 10(37), 141-160. [In Persian]
Karimi, N., Mousavi, S., Falah-Neudehi, M. (2021). The Prediction of Psychological Well-being Based on the Components of Religious Attitude and Self-esteem among the Elderly in Ahvaz. JRRH, 6(4), 88-100. [In Persian]
King, P. E., & Roeser, R. W. (2009). Religion and Spirituality in Adolescent Development. Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, DOI: 10.1002/ 9780470479193.adlpsy001014.
Langer, E. J., & Ngnoumen, C. T. (2017). Mindfulness. In Positive Psychology (pp. 95-111). Routledge.
Li, C., Xu, Y., Gill, A., Haider, Z. A., Wang, Y. (2019). Religious beliefs, socially responsible investment, and cost of debt: Evidence from entrepreneurial firms in India. Emerging Markets Review, 38, 102-14.
Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., Zhu, T. (2020).The impact of COVID-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: A study on active Weibo users. International Journal Environment Research Public Health, 17(6), 1-9.
Lipsitc, M., Swerdlow, D. L., Finelli, L. (2020). Defining the epidemiology of Covid-19—studies needed. New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 1194-1196.
McIntosh, H. C., Kezbers, K., Nichols, R. (2021). Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Hope in Women Participating in Alternative Sentencing Programs. Research on Social Work Practice, https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731521993230.
Mirzaee, E., Shairi, M. (2018). Evaluation of effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction model on Positive and Negative Affects and Depression syndrome. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 61(1), 864-876. [In Persian]
Mohammadzade, A., Jafari, E., Hajlou, N. (2015). Relationships of death anxiety with religious coping, attachment to god and acting on religious beliefs. Culture in the Islamic University, 5(15), 259-72. [In Persian]
Moradi, M., Bagherpour, M., Hasanvand, M., Rezapour, M., Shahabzadeh, S. (2016). The Mediating role of Self-Esteem and Positive & Negative Affects in Relationship of Resilience and Psychological Well-Being. Developmental Psychology, 12(47), 305-289. [In Persian]
Nikmansh, Z., Kalantari, N. (2017). The Role of Religious Coping in Psychological Well-Being of Female-Headed Householders of Hashtroud. Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, 8(30), 115-128. [In Persian]
Norouzi1, V., Asadi Majreh, S. (2018). The role of parental psychological well-being and parent-child interactions in explaining social adjustment in adolescent students. Contemporary Psychology, 13 (2), 140-148. [In Persian]
Pagnini, F., Bercovitz, K.E. & Phillips, D. (2018). Langerian mindfulness, quality of life and psychological symptoms in a sample of Italian students. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 16(1), 29-39. [Persian]
Pakizeh A. (2008). A comparative study of mental health and the impact of spirituality on its activation. Seminar mental health of the students. Shiraz University, 76-79. [In Persian]
Pargament, K. I., Feuille, F., Burdzy, D. (2011). The Brief RCOPE: Current Psychometric Status of a Short Measure of Religious Coping. Religions, 2, 51-76. [In Persian]
Pargament, K. I., Koeing, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The Many Methods of Religious Coping: Development and Initial Validation of the Rcope. Journal of clinical of psychology, 56, 4, 619-543. [In Persian]
Rahimi, S., Hajloo, N., Basharpoor, S. (2019). The Prediction of Psychological Well-Being among Students of Mohaghegh Ardebili University in 2018 Based on the Perspective of Time Dimensions (The Mediator Role of Life Expectancy): A Descriptive Study. JRUMS, 18 (7), 657-674. [In Persian]
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Exploration on the meaning of psychological wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
Sadoughi, M., Hesampour, F. (2020). Prediction of Psychological Well-Being in the Elderly by Assessing their Spirituality, Gratitude to God, and Perceived Social Support. Salmand. Iranian Journal of Ageing, 15 (2), 144-159. [In Persian]
Sauer, S., Walach, H., Offenbacher, M., Lynch, S., Kohls, N. (2011). Measuring Mindfulness: A Rasch Analysis of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory. Religions, 2, 693-706.
Schneider, M. A., & Mansell, R. C. (2006). Beacon in the storm: an exploration of the spirituality and faith of parents whose children have cancer. Journal of Issues in comprehensive pediatric Nursing, 29(1), 3-24.
Shabani, M., Khalatbari, J. (2019). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on emotion regulation difficulties and psychological well-being in premenstrual syndrome. Quatery Journal of Health Psychology, 8(29), 134-152. [In Persian]
Sharifnia, S. H., Hojjati, H., Nazari, R., Gorbani, M., Akhoondzade, G. (2012). The effect of prayer on mental health of hemodialysis patients. Jccnursing, 5 (1), 29-34. [In Persian]
Sibley, C. G., Greaves, L., Satherley, N., Wilson, M., Lee, C., et al. (2020). Short-term Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic and a Nationwide Lockdown on Institutional Trust, Attitudes to Government, Health and Wellbeing. American Psychological Association. https://psyarxiv.com/cx6qa
Siegel, R. D. (2010). The mindfulness Solution (every day practices for every problems). New York: Guilford.
Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., et al. (1991). The will and the ways: development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal Personality Social Psycholog, 60(4), 570-585.
Story, S. P., Youssef, C. M., Luthans, F., Barbuto, J. E, Bovaird, J. (2013). The contagion effect of global leader’s positive psychological capital on follower. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24 (13), 2534-53.
Voci, A., Veneziani, C. A. & Fuochi, G. (2019). Relating Mindfulness, Heartfulness, and Psychological Well-Being: the Role of Self-Compassion and Gratitude. Mindfulness, 10(2), 339–351.
Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmuller, V., Kleinknecht, N., Schmidt, S. (2006). Measuring mindfulness – The Freiburg mindfulness inventory (FMI). Personality Individual Different, 40, 1543-1555.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Pers Soc Psychol, 54(6), 1063–1070.
W.H.O. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak situation. (2020). Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
Wu. Z., McGoogan, JM. (2020). Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648.
Yousefi, F., Rafiee, S., Tairi, F. (2019). The relationship between spiritual health and mental health in students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 6 (4), 100-109. [In Persian]
_||_
