سبب¬شناسي اختلال موکنی در دوقلوهاي همسان و غير همسان (ارائه مدل يکپارچه ژنتيکي، محيطي و رفتاري)

محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی

کاظم خرم دل ¹ , اوشا برهمند ² , عباس ابوالقاسمی ³ , سوده دشتیانه ⁴ , شیوا زارع ⁵

1 - استادیار گروه روان شناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی فاطمیه(س) شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
2 - دانشیار روان شناسی، گروه روان شناسی کوئین کالج. واشنگتن، امریکا.
3 - استاد گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.
4 - دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.
5 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی فاطمیه(س) شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/09/02 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/10/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/05/14

کلید واژه: دوقلو‌های همسان, دوقلوهای غیرهمسان, اختلال وسواسی جبری, اختلال موکنی, محیطی و رفتاری.,

چکیده مقاله :

اختلال موکنی یک تظاهر روانپزشکی بالینی است که شامل ریزش موی قابل توجه در اراتباط با رفتار مکرر کشیدن مو است و علت آن هنوز ناشناخته است. هدف اين مطالعه بررسي نقش عوامل ژنتيکي و محيطي و رفتاری در سبب¬شناسی اختلال موکنی و نحوه¬ي ارتباط آن با ديدگاه¬هاي سبب شناسي معاصر بود. این پژوهش از نوع مطالعات توصیفی همبستگی و طرح دوقلويي بود. نمونه شامل 676 دوقلو شامل(474 همسان و 204 ناهمسان) بود که به¬صورت تصادفي از انجمن¬ دوقلوهای ایران در سال 139۸ انتخاب شدند. مقياس موکنی بیمارستان عمومی ماساچوست(MGH-HPS؛ Keuthen, O'Sullivan, Ricciardi, Shera, Savage et al, 1995) و پرسشنامه خودگزارشی همسانی(Reed, Plassman, Tanner, Dick, Rinehart et al, 2005) به¬عنوان ابزار¬هاي پژوهش استفاده شدند. از تحلیل تک-متغیره دوقلویی جهت برآورد واریانس وراثت، محیط مشترک و محیط غیر¬مشترک در اختلال مذکور استفاده شد. داده‌های پژوهش توسط نرم¬افزارهای SPSS26, STATA17 وM-plus8.3.2 تحلیل شدند. نتايج تحليل تک متغيره دوقلويي نشان داد عوامل ژنتيکي به ترتيب 64% از سبب شناسي موکني را تبيين مي‌کند. بهترين مدل برازش شده براي اختلال موکنی مدل DE بود با توجه به نتايج ضرايب همبستگي دو گروه، ميزان همبستگي اختلال موکني در گروه همسان معادل 61/0 و گروه ناهمسان معادل 31/0 بود. مي¬توان نتيجه گرفت¬که فنوتيپ موکني در نتيجه يک پلي¬ژنيک ايجاد مي¬شود که بر خلاف اثر افزايشي حد واسط نداشته و در نتيجه تعامل ژن با ژن يا در نتيجه يک ژن غالب بوجود مي¬آيد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Trichotillomania is a clinical psychiatric manifestation involving significant hair loss in association with recurrent hair-pulling behavior, the etiology of which is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic and environmental and behavioral contribution to trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) and to relate the findings to contemporary theories about the etiology. This was a descriptive correlational and twins study design. 672 twins (MZ=474; DZ=202) were selected from Iranian twins associations in 2018. The Massachusetts General Hospital Hair-pulling Scale(1995) and the Self-Report of Zygosity were used as research instrument. Twin modeling methods were employed to decompose the variance in the liability trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) into additive genetic and shared and non-shared environmental factors. The data was analyzed by SPSS, STATA and M-plus. Univariate model-fitting analyses showed that genetic factors accounted for approximately 64% of the variance in TTM. The best extracted model for TTM was the DE model. The correlation coefficient results indicated that the correlation rate was 0/61 and 0/31 in MZ and DZ group respectively. It can be concluded that TTM phenotype is the results of a polygenetic. There is no intermediate despite of the dominance effect and it results from a gene-gene interaction or a dominant gene.

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