شناسایی مؤلفه‌های تدریس اثربخش اساتید رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی از دیدگاه دانشجویان این رشته
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
صابر عبدالملکی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری برنامه درسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.)
حسن ملکی
2
(عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.)
فائزه اسدی
3
(دانشجوی دکتری برنامه درسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اسلامشهر، تهران، ایران.)
کلید واژه: آموزش عالی, یادگیری, برنامه‌ریزی درسی, تدریس اثربخش,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی مؤلفه‌های تدریس اثربخش اساتید رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی از نظر دانشجویان بود. روش پژوهش کیفی با استفاده از رویکرد پدیدارشناسی بود. جامعه پژوهش دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی ارشد و دکتری رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه‌های تهران و علامه طباطبائی بود. روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند بود که در آن دانشجویانی که شرایط نمونه موردنظر را داشتند با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند و اکتشافی مورد مصاحبه قرار گرفتند و با رسیدن به اشباع نظری یافته‌ها تعداد نمونه پژوهش 21 نفر شد. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل موضوعی داده‌های 7 مرحله‌ای کلایزی (1987) استفاده شد. تحلیل محتوای دیدگاه دانشجویان در مورد مؤلفه‌های تدریس اثربخش اساتید منجر به شناسایی 328 کد اولیه،26 زیر مضمون و 6 مضمون اصلی شد که عبارت‌اند از ویژگی‌های علمی (تسلط بر موضوع؛ دانش علمی معتبر و به‌روز از موضوع تدریس؛ برقراری ارتباط بین نظر و عمل در موضوع؛ رویکرد پژوهشگری نسبت به تدریس موضوع)؛ مهارت‌های تدریس (بیان مطالب به زبان شیوا قابل‌فهم و منسجم؛ به‌کارگیری روش‌های مختلف تدریس؛ کاربرد روش‌های تدریس فعال؛ استفاده از امکانات و وسایل کمک‌آموزشی)؛ مدیریت کلاس (مدیریت زمان؛ داشتن طرح درس؛ قواعد و قوانین کلاسی انعطاف‌پذیر؛ سبک مدیریت تعاملی؛ مهارت برقراری ارتباط)؛ ویژگی‌های اخلاقی (روحیه انتقادپذیری؛ توجه و احترام به دانشجو؛ شوخ‌طبعی؛ وقت‌شناسی؛ عشق و علاقه به تدریس و دانشجویان؛ عدالت)؛ انگیزش (استفاده از منابع گوناگون انگیزشی؛ ترغیب شاگردان به یادگیری؛ توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی دانشجویان؛ ایجاد شور و هیجان در فرایند آموزش) و ارزشیابی (کاربرد روش جدید و متنوع ارزشیابی؛ تناسب روش ارزشیابی با موضوع درسی؛ تأکید بر ارزشیابی فرایند مدار).
Teach a focal point for all training activities and enhance the quality of teaching and learning strongest professors at the university. The importance of quality teaching and it is such an important topic in today's higher education landscape is transformed. The aim of this study was to identify elements of effective teaching professors of curriculum planning qualitative research with phenomenological approach was used. For this purpose, 21 students of Tehran and Allameh Tabatabaei University curriculum planning conditions had given samples using semi-structured interviews were exploratory study. Data collected, recorded and coded and classified into main categories Grdyd.thlyl content curriculum the students about the components of effective teaching professors led to the identification code 328 primary, 26 sub themes and features 6 original scientific content (mastery of, scientific knowledge valid and up to date teaching the subject, the relationship between theory and practice in the subject, researcher approach to teaching); teaching skills (expression Shiva understandable and coherent, different teaching methods, active teaching methods, use of facilities and Tools Kmkamvzshy) classroom management (time management to lesson plans, classroom rules more flexible, interactive management style, communication skills) moral qualities (the spirit of criticism, attention and respect for students, humor, punctuality, love to teach and students; justice), motivation (the use of different sources of motivation, encouraging students to learn, attention to individual differences of students, creating excitement in the training process) and evaluation (using new and varied methods of assessment, fitness evaluation method to subject; the emphasis on process evaluation circuit was).
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