ارائه مدلی برای معلم اثربخش و بررسی تناسب آن با استلزامات اسناد بالادستی نظام آموزش‌وپرورش ایران
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
جمال رزی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران)
محمدرضا امام جمعه
2
(دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران)
غلامعلی احمدی
3
(دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: معلم اثربخش, ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های معلم اثربخش, مدل معلم اثربخش, اسناد بالادستی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های معلم اثربخش در مطالعات قبلی، ارائة مدلی جامع بر اساس آن و همچنین بررسی وجوه اشتراکی و افتراقی مدل به‌دست‌آمده با اسناد بالادستی نظام آموزش‌وپرورش ایران است. روش پژوهش کیفی و از نوع تحلیل اسنادی است که با استفاده از روش استنتاج مبتنی بر تحلیل مفاهیم و مفهوم‌پردازی مجدد شکل‌گرفته است. جامعة آماری پژوهش، شامل کلیه متون نظری و پژوهشی داخلی و خارجی در دسترس، مراجع مرتبط و اسناد بالادستی نظام آموزش‌وپرورش کشور جمهوری اسلامی ایران است و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 40 سند که به‌صورت خاص به حوزة معلم اثربخش، بررسی ابعاد، ویژگی‌ها و مؤلفه‌های معلم اثربخش پرداخته بودند، انتخاب گردیدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها چک‌لیست بوده که روایی صوری، محتوایی آن مورد تائید 3 نفر از متخصصان دانشگاهی قرار گرفت و با روش آزمون مجدد، پایایی آن 91/ به دست آمد. عمده‌ترین یافته‌ها مبین شناسایی 6 بعد صلاحیت‌های حرفه‌ای (با 3 مؤلفه)، ویژگی‌های شخصیتی (با 9 مؤلفه)، مدیریت کلاس درس (با 5 مؤلفه)، مهارت‌های تدریس (با 10 مؤلفه)، نظارت و پایش (با 5 مؤلفه) و ارزشیابی (با 5 مؤلفه) است و بر این اساس، مدل معلم اثربخش طراحی گردید. در مقایسه مدل به‌دست‌آمده با اسناد بالادستی، 2 مؤلفه در بعد ویژگی‌های شخصیتی،2 مؤلفه در بعد مدیریت کلاس درس، 2 مؤلفه در بعد مهارت‌های تدریس، 3 مؤلفه در بعد ارزشیابی، 1 مؤلفه در بعد صلاحیت‌ها، 4 مؤلفه در بعد نظارت و پایش مشترک بوده، همچنین 5 مؤلفه مربوط به صلاحیت‌ها، ابعاد درس پژوهی با 2 مؤلفه و ساحت‌های تربیتی با 2 مؤلفه از جمله وجوه افتراقی بوده است.
The aim of present study is considering the dimensions and components of effective teacher in previous studies and presenting a comprehensive model based on it and also considering this model similarities and differential aspects with upper documents of Iran education system. Research methodology is quantitative during which deduction was according to context analysis and reconceptualization.. The statistical population of the research, includes all available internal and external research and theoretical texts, related references, and upper documents of Islamic Republic of Iran education system which are Purposive Sampling selected and considered; the numbers of considered documents are 40 cases. to collect the data check list used that Reliability approved by 3 experts university and validity by test-retest (α=/91).The major findings reveal 6 dimensions of professional competences (with 3 components), personality characteristics (with 9 components), classroom management (with 5 components), teaching skills (with 10 components), supervision and monitoring (with 5 components), and evaluation (with 5 components) which a model of effective teacher was designed according to this basis. On the other hand, 2 components in personality characteristics dimension, 2 components in classroom management dimension, 2 components in teaching skills dimension, 3 components in evaluation dimension, 1 component in competences dimension, and 4 components in supervision and monitoring dimension were in common among the proposed model and upper documents; besides, 5 components related to competences, lesson study dimensions with 2 components, and educational fields with 2 components were including differential aspects among the proposed model and upper documents.
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