ارزیابی نظام آموزش هنر دوره ابتدایی ازمنظر قلمروهای اساسی و ساختار محتوایی: مطالعه دیدگاه های معلمان، مدیران و کارشناسان
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
رضا صابری
1
(دانشگاه فرهنگیان)
کلید واژه: دوره ابتدایی, نظام آموزشی, محتوا, آموزش هنر, برنامه درسی,
چکیده مقاله :
به زعم بسیاری از صاحب نظران، آموزش هنر در ایران همچون سایر کشورها به عنوان یکی از دغدغه های نظام آموزشی تلقی می شود. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی وضعیت قلمروهای اساسی و ساختار محتوایی آموزش هنر دوره ابتدایی با توجه به دیدگاه معلمان، مدیران و کارشناسان بوده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش پیمایشی 1300فر از معلمان، مدیران و کارشناسان دوره ابتدایی شهر کرمان بودند که 457 نفر براساس جدول مورگان با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش نیز، پرسشنامه ای است کهپایایی آن برابر80/0 محاسبه و روایی محتوایی آن مورد تایید قرار گرفت. در تحلیل داده ها نیز ضمن استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS نسخه 16، از روش‌های آمار توصیفی، t تک نمونه ای و ANOVA استفاده شد.. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان دادند که هنر نزد معلمان، مدیران و کارشناسان امری مهم تلقی شده و همه آزمودنی ها، این مؤلفه را بالاتر از حد متوسط ارزشگذاری کردند. در همه مولفه های قلمروهای اساسی و ساختار محتوایی آموزش هنر نیز میان گروههای مورد مطالعه تفاوت معناداری در سطح P<0/01مشاهده شد. همچنین در زمینه حمایت های لازم و محدودیت ها – الزام ها میان گروه های مورد مطالعه تفاوت معناداریود. بررسی نظرات معلمان، مدیران و کارشناسان نیز نشان داد که هنرهای تجسمی و هنرهای ملی مذهبی در برنامه های درسی به مقدار لازم وجود دارد، در عوض محتوای مرتبط با نمایش و موسیقی مورد غفلت و کم توجهی قرار گرفته و در این دو مولفه تفاوتی میان گروه های مختلف مشاهده نشد. بین ارزیابی از وضعیت آموزش هنر برحسب جنسیت نیز تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد.
Many experts believe that art education is considered as a challenge in Iran and other countries. The Purpose of this research is to recognize the basic scopes and content structure. The target of population consists of 1300 teachers, administrators, and specialists of Elementary Schools in Kerman, that 457 subjects were selected using multi stage random sampling method on Morgan's table. The questionnaire was used as a tool, its reliability was 0/8, and was confirmed its content- related validity. The descriptive statistics, one –sample t- test, one- ANOVA and Spss19th version were employed for analyzing the obtained data.. Research findings indicated that art is important, and all subjects valued this variable above the average extent. There was significant difference(P<0/01) on the components related to scope of art education and content structure among study groups. Based on supports and limitations, the difference among groups was meaningful. The study also showed that there are enough visual and national – religious arts in curriculum, but music and drama have been neglected. The role of gender wasn’t significantly different in assessment.
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