تجارب معلمان دورة ابتدایی از آزادسازی برنامه درسی: یک رویکرد پدیدارشناختی

محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی

رضا معصومی نژاد ¹ , اسکندر فتحی آذر ² , یوسف ادیب ³ , فیروز محمودی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه تبریز، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، تبریز، ایران.
2 - استاد، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، تبریز، ایران.
3 - استاد، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، تبریز، ایران.
4 - دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، تبریز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/11/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/04/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/02/01

کلید واژه: تجارب معلمان, آزادسازی برنامه درسی, پدیدارشناسی, دورة ابتدایی,

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر در جستجوی کشف تجارب آموزشی مشترک معلمان دورة ابتدایی از وضعیت موجود آزادسازی برنامه درسی بوده است. هدف پژوهش نشان دادن تمهیدات و اقداماتی بود که در راستای آزادسازی برنامه درسی صورت گرفته است. روش پژوهش از نوع تحقیقات کیفی و به شیوة پدیدارشناسی تفسیری بوده و جامعة آماری پژوهش، همة آموزگاران مدارس دورة ابتدایی شهرستان‌های خوی و چایپاره را در سال تحصیلی 96-95 شامل شده است که به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. در این راستا مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته‌ای با 23 نفر از آموزگاران صورت گرفت. داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده با استفاده از روش پدیدارشناسی اسمیت (1995) مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرارگرفت. یافته‌های این تحقیق دارای 4 مضمون اصلی شامل موانع و محدودیت‌ها، نقش معلمی، نوآوری‌ها و مشارکت ذینفعان بود که هرکدام دارای چندین مضمون فرعی بودند که جمعاً در 20 مؤلفه فرعی قرار گرفتند و عبارت‌اند از: تمرکززدایی متمرکز، دیدگاه حاکم بر برنامه درسی ملی، آموزش ضمن خدمت، ماهیت دورة ابتدایی، پذیرش اجتماعی، هویت حرفه‌ای، فرهنگ معلمی، معلم به‌عنوان محقق، گروه‌های معلمان، جایگاه معلمی، تولید محتوای الکترونیکی، برنامه درسی تلفیقی، طرح‌های آموزشی، نظریه سازنده‌گرایی، دبیرخانه‌های استانی، همایش‌ها، راهبران برنامه درسی، سرگروه‌های معلمان، شورای معلمان، انجمن اولیا و مربیان.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The present research seeks to explore the common learning experiences of elementary school teachers from the current status of the curriculum decentralization. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the measures and actions taken to curriculum decentralization.The methodology of this research is qualitative research in the form of interpretive phenomenology and The statistical population of the study included all the teachers of elementary schools in Khoy and Chayparaat cities in the academic year of 1395-96 which were selected through targeted sampling. In this regard, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 educators.The data were analyzed using Smith's phenomenological method (1995). The findings of this research consisted of four main themes including barriers and constraints, teacher's roles, innovations and stakeholder engagement, each of which had several sub themes, which included a total of 20 sub-components, including: Centralized decentralization, the view of the ruling national curriculum, in-service training, The nature of the elementary school, social acceptance, professional identity, teacher culture, teacher as researcher, teacher groups, teacher position, electronic content generation, Integration Curriculum, Educational plans, constructivist theory, provincial secretariats, conferences, Curriculum guiders, head teachers, teachers' councils, parents and educators associations.

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