بررسی میزان فرونشست زمین با استفاده از تکنیک تداخلسنجی راداری(D-InSAR) در دشت نهبندان- سهلآباد
محورهای موضوعی : برنامه های کاربردی در خطر بلایای طبیعیصمد فتوحی 1 , سیدعلی المدرسی 2 , رقیه دلارام 3
1 - دانشیار جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامهریزی محیطی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران
2 - معاون آموزشی دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحدیزد و عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه
3 - گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران
کلید واژه: واژههای کلیدی: تداخل سنجی راداری, افت آب های زیرزمینی, فرونشست, نهبندان,
چکیده مقاله :
فرونشست زمین، براثر فعالیتهای طبیعی و انسانی رخ میدهد. یکی از علل اصلی فرونشست استفاده بیشازحد از منابع آب زیرزمینی است. در محدوده موردمطالعه به دلیل قرارگیری در ناحیه خشک و کویری، بارندگی کم و نبود رودخانههای دائمی، بیشترین استفاده از منابع آبهای زیرزمینی است، بهطوریکه در این محدوده شاهد تعداد زیادی حلقه چاه برای مصارف کشاورزی هستیم. انواع مختلفی از روشهای بررسی تغییر شکل بهطور گسترده برای اندازهگیری الگوی فرونشست زمین استفاده شده است این پژوهش متکی بر روش سنجش از دور راداری و مطالعه میدانی است. ابتدا با استفاده از روش سنجش از دور به بررسی و پردازش دادهها و تصاویر ماهوارهای پرداخته شد. ﺑﺮای بررسی ﻧﺮخ و داﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺮوﻧﺸﺴﺖ، از تکنیک تداخلسنجی راداری در بازه زمانی خاص برای پردازش تصاویر راداری استفاده گردید. تصاویر مورد استفاده مربوط به ماهواره انویست ( Envisat ) سنجندِ ASAR در باند C در بازه زمانی 2003 تا 2010 و زوج تصاویر ماهواره سنتینل (Sentinel1) در باند C در بازه 2019 تا 2020 است. نتایج حاصله از این فن نشان میدهد که بیشترین میزان فرونشست مربوط به محدودهی زمینهای کشاورزی در مرکز و شمال دشت، حدود 13.4 سانتیمتر در بازه زمانی 2007 تا2010 است و همچنین در بازه 2007 تا 2008 حدود 13.1 سانتیمتر فرونشست را شاهد هستیم. این محدوده در بررسی جدید تصاویر ماهواره Sentinel1 در بازهی زمانی 2019 تا 2020 نیز فرونشست 5.9 سانتیمتر را تجربه کرده است که نشان دهنده تداوم فرونشست در این منطقه است. برای صحتسنجی نتایج از آمار مربوط به چاههای پیزومتر استفاده گردید و نتایج نشاندهنده افت سطح آبهای زیرزمینی در محدوده موردمطالعه در بازه 2007 تا 2010 است.
AbstractLand subsidence occur due to the natural and human activities. One of the main causes of subsidence is the excessive usage of groundwater resources. In the study area, due to the dry and desert area, low rainfall and lack of permanent rivers, the most use of groundwater resources is that in this area we see many wells for agricultural use. Various types of deformation surveying technique have been used widely to measure the land subsidence pattern.This research is based on radar remote sensing method and field study. First, satellite data and images were examined and processed using the remote sensing method. To investigate the temperature, the radar interference technique was used to process the radar images at specific intervals. The images used relate to the ASAR Envisat satellite in the C band from 2003 to 2010 and the pair of images of the Sentinel 1 satellite in the C band from 2019 to 2020. The results of this technique show that the highest amount of subsidence related to the agricultural lands in the center and north of the plain is about 13.4 cm in the period 2007 to 2010 and also in the period 2007 to 2008 about 13.1 cm. We see the subsidence meter. In the new study of Sentinel1 satellite images in the period 2019 to 2020, this area has also experienced a subsidence of 5.9 cm, which indicates the continuation of subsidence in this region. To verify the results, statistics related to piezometer wells were used and the results show a decrease in groundwater level in the study area in the period 2007 to 2010.
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