تنوع خصوصیات مرفومتریک سن گندم (Eurygaster integriceps)در استان کردستان
محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکیجواد ناظمی رفیع 1 , مصطفی منصور قاضی 2 , سارا صالحی 3
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کلید واژه: گندم, Eurygaster integriceps, morphometric, cluster analyses, UPGMA, تابع تشخیص, آنالیز کلاستر,
چکیده مقاله :
سن گندم Putton) Eurygaster integriceps) یکی از مهمترین آفات گندم در کشور میباشد که باعث خسارت زیادی به محصولات گندم در ایران می شود. تفاوت های مرفومتریک در بین جمعیتهایی از یک گونه ممکن است بیانگر اختلافات بین زیست بوم آن جمعیتها باشد به همین منظور تنوع شکلی بدن افراد بالغ نر و ماده جمعیت های سن گندم بوسیله روش مرفومتریک روی دوازده شاخص مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نمونه برداری در اواخر خرداد ماه و تیر ماه سال 1391 انجام شد. تمام نمونه برداری ها از مزارع گندم استان کردستان انجام شد. از هر منطقه 30 نمونه حشرات بالغ ماده و 30 نمونه حشرات بالغ نر و در مجموع 600 نمونه از کل استان کردستان جمع آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که افراد بالغ ماده و نر به سه گروه اصلی تقسیم شدند. افراد بالغ ماده اندازه بزرگتری نسبت به افراد نر داشتند. بزرگترین میانگین طول (05/0±11/12) و عرض (03/0±64/7) بدن، طول (02/0±30/3) و عرض (02/0±27/7) پرونتوم و عرض اسکوتلوم (02/0±25/5 میلی متر) متعلق به جمعیت سن های بالغ ماده منطقه قروه بود. نتایج آنالیز تابع تشخیص نشان داد که خصوصیات ظاهری افراد ماده توانایی بیشتری را در تفکیک جمعیت ها (7/36 درصد) نسبت به افراد نر (7/32 درصد) دارند. آنالیز کلاستر به روش UPGMA افراد بالغ ماده را به طور کامل از افراد بالغ نر جدا نمود. نتایج نشان داد که بین افراد نر و ماده سن گندم تفاوت وجود دارد و افراد ماده بهتر توانستند جمعیتها را از یکدیگر تفکیک کنند.
The wheat bug, Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the major wheat pests causing high yield loss in terms of wheat production in the Iran. Morphometric differentiations may explain biogeographic distinctions among populations of a given species. The shape variations of female and male adults were evaluated by 12 morphometric indexes. Sampling was conducted in May and July of 2012 in Kurdistan Province. 30 samples of female adults and 30 samples of male adults were sampled from each of selected areas (sum 600 samples from 10 areas). Results showed that female adults divided to three clusters. Female adults were larger than male adults. Female population collected from Ghorve area had the maximum length (12.11±0.05) and width (7.64±0.03) of body, length (3.3±0.02) and width (7.27±0.02) of pronotum and width of scutellum (5.25±0.02 mm). Results of discriminant analysis (DFA) showed that female adults can differentiate populations (36.7%) more that male adults (32.7%). cluster analysis differentiated female and male populations completely by UPGMA method.
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