تبیین تاثیرات توسعه عقلانی شهر بر تحقق شهر آرام (مطالعه موردی شهر قزوین)

محورهای موضوعی : دو فصل‌نامه فضای زیست

فاطمه اسداله شریفی ¹ , سیدمحمدرضا خطیبی ² , جمال الدین سهیلی ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران. نویسنده مسئول
3 - دانشیار، گروه معماری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/05/31 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/10/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/02/13

کلید واژه: شهر قزوین, توسعه شتابزده, توسعه عقلانی, شهر آرام, اکسپرت چویس,

چکیده مقاله :

امروزه توسعه شهری بی هدف و شتابزده در حال بروز است. بحث شهر آرام و توسعه عقلانی برای بهبود شرایط مطرح شده است. شهر آرام در تلاش است تا باعث آرام شدن شهر گردد و عقلانیت جهت‌یابی عقیدتی برای شهرسازان است. در واقع عقلانیت گزینه‌ای اصولی برای دستیابی به مصالحه‌ای کارآمد در شرایط سخت است. هدف از توسعه عاقلانه شهر و شهر آرام بهره‌برداری درست از فضای شهری مطابق با نیاز شهروندان است. اصول مقاله کاربردی و روش آن توصیفی تحلیلی است که به صورت کیفی و کمی انجام شده است. برای سنجش میزان اهمیت هر یک از مولفه‌ها پرسش نامه‌هایی توسط 10 کارشناس در این زمینه تکمیل گردید، سپس معیار‌ها توسط نرم افزار اکسپرت چویس محاسبه گردید. در این راستا با توجه به تحلیل‌های انجام شده معیار کیفیت زندگی با میانگین وزنی 200/0 اولویت اول، کیفیت محیطی 167/0 دوم، گوناگونی 122/0 سوم محاسبه شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد شهر قزوین از سه جبهه در محاصره باغستان سنتی است و مشکلاتی مانند تلاقی بافت فرسوده با بافت تاریخی و تراکم جمعیتی سبب شده است که توسعه ابعاد شهر قزوین به شدت محدود شود. به همین خاطر امروز بار توسعه شهری در استان قزوین به سمت شمال شهر منتقل شده است اما به دلیل کمبود برخی امکانات زیرساختی، فضای شهر مطلوب، سرزندگی، کاربری‌های متناسب با محدوده، دسترسی، بافت ناکارآمد، توسعه افقی شهر هنوز به طور کامل محقق نشده است. سوال این پروژه راه‌کار موثر بر تحقق شهر آرام با توجه به توسعه عقلانی در شهر قزوین کدامند؟ در این راستا برای تحقق توسعه عقلانی و شهر آرام در قزوین لازم است، تمام ابعاد در نظر گرفته شود و با توجه به محدودیت‌های هر منطقه راهکاریی نظیر هویت‌بخشی، تامین و توزیع خدمات و کاربری، اعتمادسازی، اصلاح ساختار بافت، حفاظت از باغات و معرفی سنن و فرهنگ شهر ارائه شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Nowadays, aimless and hasty urban development is emerging. The issue of slow city and rational development has been proposed to improve the conditions. The slow movement of cities in 1986 was created in the world as a cultural movement to enhance the quality of life and reduce the speed in cities. This movement first started with the idea of slow food and protests against the McDonald's food chain in the world, especially in Italy. It gradually made its way to other parts of urban development. The slow city is trying to make the city slow. Rationality is an ideological orientation for city planners. In other words, rationality is a principled option to achieve an efficient compromise in difficult situations. Since a slow city emphasizes humanistic urban development, increasing vitality, paying attention to culture, local history, and planned urban development, it can have a close association with the rational development of the city. The components of a slow city, which include improving the quality of life, paying attention to infrastructure, improving environmental conditions, improving the urban texture, developing local products, and awareness, lead to the rational development of the city. It is followed by comfort, relaxation, and facilities for the citizens. Some of the significant and basic symbols of rational urban development are reviving the texture, paying attention to the infrastructure, and improving the quality of life and urban services. It can be concluded that the model of rational urban development and the issue of the slow city complement each other and are related to each other. We are living in the age of speed and the basis of the rational development of the city with emphasis on the components of the slow city is not based on not being left behind by speed and progress but the goal is to be careful in this situation to prevent deprived comfort and peace in life. The necessity and significance of investigating the slow city and rational urban development: improving the quality of life, and building a better life for all citizens in a lively urban environment, providing a suitable model with the original form of the city in line with improving the existing situation and revitalizing the texture, providing optimal facilities, creating peace, and reducing stress In other words, the goal of explaining the impacts of rational development on the realization of a slow city is to achieve an ideal city away from stress and tension. The question of this project is what are the effective solutions for the realization of a slow city concerning rational development in Qazvin city? This article was an attempt to investigate the problems of Qazvin city considering the issue of planned development and its impact on the realization of a slow city. The principles of this article are applied and its method is a descriptive analysis. It was conducted qualitatively and quantitatively. Questionnaires were completed by 10 experts in this field to measure the importance of each of the components. Then, the criteria were calculated by Expert Choice software. In this regard, based on the analyses performed, the quality of life standard with a mean weight of 0.200 was ranked first, environmental quality with a mean weight of 0.167 was ranked second, and diversity with a mean weight of 0.122 was ranked third. The results showed that Qazvin city is surrounded by the traditional garden from three fronts, and problems such as the intersection of worn-out texture with historical texture and population density have significantly limited the development of the dimensions of Qazvin city.For this reason, the burden of urban development in Qazvin province has been shifted to the north side of the city. However, due to the lack of some infrastructure facilities, favorable city atmosphere, vitality, land uses appropriate to the scope, accessibility, inefficient texture, purposeful, and rational development of the city have not been fully realized. In this regard, it is necessary to consider all dimensions to realize a rational development and a slow city in Qazvin. Given the limitations of each region, solutions such as giving identity, supply, and distribution of services and land use, trust building, modification of the texture structure, protection of gardens, and introducing the traditions and culture of the city should be presented.