مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان شناسی مثبت‌گرا بر تنظیم هیجان ،تاب آوری و رابطه مادر-کودک در مادران کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش فعالی
محورهای موضوعی : زن و خانواده
محبوبه بنانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری گروه روان شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران)
ناصر امینی
2
(استادیار، گروه روان شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران ( نویسنده مسئول )
(n.amini@iaubushehr.ac.ir)
محمود برجعلی
3
(استادیار مدعو گروه روان شناسی واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران ؛ استادیار گروه روان شناسی بالینی،واحد تهران،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران،ایران)
مولود کیخسروانی
4
(استادیار، گروه روان شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران)
کلید واژه: تنظیم هیجان, مادران, اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی, فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد, فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا,
چکیده مقاله :
مادران کودکان مبتلا به نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی با چالش‌های مهمی مواجه‌اند، هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا بر تنظیم هیجان، تاب آوری و رابطه مادر-کودک در جامعه اماری مادران کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی 8 تا 12 ساله پسر شهر تهران در سال 1399-1400 با روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه گواه بود. بوسیله نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، 45 مادر داوطلب وارد مطالعه شدند و به شکل تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه گواه جایگزین شدند. ابزار پژوهش، مقیاس دشواری در تنظیم هیجان گراتز و رومر، مقیاس تاب آوری کانرو دیویدسون و مقیاس رابطه مادر-کودک پیانتا و محتوی دوره آموزشی فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد کوین و مورل و آموزش مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا سلیگمن بودند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها، از شاخص‌های توصیفی (میانگین وانحراف معیار )و آمار استنباطی (تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری) در نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد، بین گروه آموزشی فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد ، گروه آموزشی فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان شناسی مثبت گرا و گروه گواه ، در میانگین نمره ی تنظیم هیجان و رابطه مادر-کودک تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت.اما در میانگین نمره تاب آوری تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت. همچنین آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان شناسی مثبت گرا اثربخشی بیشتری بر تنظیم هیجان و رابطه مادر-کودک در مادران کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توحه/ بیش فعالی داشت بنابراین به مشاوران توصیه می‌شود از یافته‌های مطالعه حاضر در راستای مداخلات بالینی جهت کمک به بهبود تنظیم هیجان و افزایش تاب آوری و ارتقإ کیفیت رابطه مادر-کودک در مادران کودکان دارای نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی استفاده نمایند.
Mothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based parenting education and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulation, resilience and mother-child relationship in the statistical population of mothers with children with disabilities. Attention / hyperactivity 8 to 12 years old boy in Tehran in 1399-1400 was a quasi-experimental research method with a pre-test-post-test design with 2 expriences group and one control group. By available sampling, 45 volunteer mothers were included in the study and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The research instruments were the Graz and Roemer Emotion Difficulty Scale, the Conroy-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Pianta Mother-Child Relationship Scale, which included parenting and commitment training based on Kevin and Morrell and Seligman's Positive Psychology training. To analyze the data, descriptive indices (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance) were used in SPSS software version 22. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the parenting group based on acceptance and commitment, the parenting group based on positive psychology and the control group in the mean score of emotion regulation and mother-child relationship. But there was no significant difference in the mean resilience score, so counselors are advised to use the findings of the present study in line with clinical interventions to help better emotion regulation increase resilience and improve the quality of mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.
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Abdollahi,A.(1394)The effectiveness of parenting education based on acceptance and commitment on the parent-child relationship, improving parenting methods and aggression of preschool children in Neishabour. Master Thesis in Clinical Psychology. Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch
Azimifar, Sh, Jazayeri, R, Fatehizadeh, M, and A. (1396). Evaluating the effect of parental management education and parenting education with a treatment method focused on acceptance and commitment in the mother-child relationship Mothers of children with externalized behavioral problems. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 7 (2 (24 in a row)), 99-122. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=316169.
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Allahyari, M. (2021). The Effectiveness of Parenting Education based on Acceptance and Commitment on Anger and Emotional Self - Regulation of Mothers of Children with ADHD. Journal of Human Relations Studies, 1(2), 27-34.
Alvord, M. K. & Grados, J. J. (2005). Enhancing resilience in children: A proactive approach. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 36(3), 238-245.
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_||_Amini Naghani, Sh., Najarpoorian, S., and Samavi S.A.(1399). Comparison of the effectiveness of positive parenting education with parenting based on acceptance and commitment on mothers' aggression and symptoms of confrontational disobedience disorder in children. Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 28 (1), 67-77.
Abdollahi,A.(1394)The effectiveness of parenting education based on acceptance and commitment on the parent-child relationship, improving parenting methods and aggression of preschool children in Neishabour. Master Thesis in Clinical Psychology. Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch
Azimifar, Sh, Jazayeri, R, Fatehizadeh, M, and A. (1396). Evaluating the effect of parental management education and parenting education with a treatment method focused on acceptance and commitment in the mother-child relationship Mothers of children with externalized behavioral problems. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 7 (2 (24 in a row)), 99-122. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=316169.
Allah Dini Hesarouieh, M., Mawlawi, P., and Mawlawi N.(1400). The effectiveness of positive psychology training on promoting self-efficacy and interpersonal emotion regulation in chronic mental patients. Quarterly Journal of New Ideas in Psychology, 9 (13), 1-13. Ahmadi A, Raeisi Z.(2018). The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance in mothers of children with autism. J child ment health. 5(3):69-79.
Allahyari, M. (2021). The Effectiveness of Parenting Education based on Acceptance and Commitment on Anger and Emotional Self - Regulation of Mothers of Children with ADHD. Journal of Human Relations Studies, 1(2), 27-34.
Alvord, M. K. & Grados, J. J. (2005). Enhancing resilience in children: A proactive approach. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 36(3), 238-245.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed (DSM-5),(2013).Washington ,DC: American Psychiatric Association
and parenting
Berry, J. W., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2001). Forgivingness, relationship quality, stress while imagining relationship events, and physical and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(4), 447–455.
Berry, J. W., Worthington, E. L., Jr, O'Connor, L. E., Parrott, L., 3rd, & Wade, N. G. (2005). Forgivingness, vengeful rumination, and affective traits. Journal of personality,73(1),183–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00308.x
Block, J. (2002). Personality as an affect-processing system. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Brown, F. L., Whittingham, K., Boyd, R. N., McKinlay, L., & Sofronoff, K. (2015). Does Stepping Stones Triple P plus Acceptance and Commitment Therapy improve parent, couple, and family adjustment following paediatric acquired brain injury? A randomised controlled trial. Behaviour research and therapy, 73, 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.07.001
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and anxiety, 18(2), 76-82.
Coyne, L., & Murrell, A. (2009). The joy of parenting: An acceptance and commitment therapy guide to effective parenting in the early years: New Harbinger Publications.
Delavar A.( 2015). Theoretical and practical foundations of research in the humanities and social sciences. 1st ed. Tehran Roshd Publication.
Driscoll, K., Pianta, R.C. (2011). Mother’s and father’s perceptions of conflict and closeness in parent- child relationships during early chilhood. Journal of early chilhood and infant psychology, 7, 1-18
Fernandez-Alcantara M, Garcia-Caro M P, Laynez-Rubio C, Perez-Marfil M N, Marti-Garcia C, Benitez-Feliponi A, Berrocal-Castellano M, Cruz-Quintana F.(2015). Feeling of loss in parents of children with infantile cerebral palsy. Disability and health journal.;8(1):93-101.
Fontenelle, L. F., Soares, I. D., Miele, F., Borges, M. C., Prazeres, A. M., Rangé, B. P., & Moll, J. (2009). Empathy and symptoms dimensions of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of psychiatric research, 43(4), 455–463.
Faraghi Dastjerd, B., Sharifi Daramadi, P., and Farrokhi, N. (1398). The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based education program on mother-child interaction Mothers with children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 62 (3), 427-436. https://doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2019.14930
Ghorbani Amir, H. A., Moradi, O., Arefi, M., & Ahmadian, H. (2019). The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Cognitive-Emotional Regulation, Resilience, and Self-control Strategies in Divorced Women. Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology, 6(4), 195-202.
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