کاهش تنش ناشی از سمیت آرسنیک در سویا (Glycine max L) با استفاده از سدیم نیتروپروساید
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعیالهام اسدی کرم 1 , بتول کرامت 2 , حسین مظفری 3
1 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
3 - پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، مرکز بین المللی علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی کرمان، ایران
کلید واژه: سویا, آرسنیک, آنتی اکسیدان, سدیم نیترو پروساید,
چکیده مقاله :
آرسنیک یکی از مهم ترین سموم آلوده کننده ی محیط زیست محسوب می شود. آرسنیک به طرق مختلف از جمله تشکیل گونه های اکسیژن فعـال و در نتیجه پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشـایی باعث اختلال در رشــد گیاهان می شود. در این مطالعه اثر متقابل آرسنیک و سدیم نیترو پروساید (SNP) بر گیاه سویا بررسی شد. بدین منظور، سویا در مرحله چهار برگی مورد تیمار غلظت های مختلف آرسنیک (0 ،150 و300 میکرومولار) و SNP (صفر و 100میکرومولار) قرار گرفت و صفاتی نظیر غلظت پراکسید هیدروژن، پرولین، مالون دی آلدهید و فعالیت برخی آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان در شاخساره اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت آرسنیک در محیط هوگلنـد، میزان کلروفیل کل در شاخساره بـه طـور معنی داری کاهش و فعالیت آنزیم های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت. همچنین، در تیمارهای آرسنیک تجمع پراکسید هیدروژن به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت که منجر به پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشایی گردید. افزایش محتوای مالون دی آلدهید، این را تأیید نمود. به کارگیری SNP در محـیط حـاوی آرسنیک، میزان کلروفیل کل، فعالیت آنزیم های آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز را به طور معنی داری افزایش داد ولی، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با اسـتفاده از SNP در این شرایط کاهش پیدا کرد. بنـابراین، SNP در کـاهش آسـیب هـای اکسایشی می تواند نقش مؤثری داشته باشد.
Arsenic contamination is one of the most important compounds all over the world. Arsenic in different ways, including the formation of reactive oxygen species and membrane lipid peroxidation impairs growth of plants. In this study, the effect of arsenic and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were evaluated on soybean. Soybean at four leaf stage was treated with different concentrations of arsenic (0, 150 and 300 mM) and SNP (0 and 100 mM), and then concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, proline, malondialdehyde and activity of antioxidant enzymes in its shoot were measured. The results showed that increasing concentration of arsenic in Hoagland solution reduced total chlorophyll content in the shoot and increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase significantly. It was also observed that treating plants with arsenic increased hydrogen peroxid accumulation which resulted in peroxidation of membrane lipids. Higher malondialdehyde content confirmed this result. Using SNP in the medium containing arsenic increased total chlorophyll content, activities of guaiacol peroxidase enzyme and ascorbate peroxidase, significantly. However, the catalase activity in this case decreased. Thus it can be concluded that using SNP, would reduce effectively the damage of oxidation.
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