پروفیل پروتئینی گندم تحت تنش خشکی و نانوکلات پتاسیم

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

سدابه جهانبخش ¹ (عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه)
نفیسه اصغری ² (دانش‌آموخته بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل ، ایران.)
علی عبادی ³ (استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.)
نصیبه توکلی ⁴ (دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/08/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/06 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/05/01

کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, گندم, اسیدهای آمینه, پروتئومیکس, نانو کلات پتاسیم,

چکیده مقاله :

سیستم های مقاومتی گیاهان از جمله گندم در مقابل تنش ها توسط روش های متعددی از جمله مواد شیمیایی مانند نانوکلات پتاسیم تحریک می گردد. به منظور بررسی پروفیل پروتئینی گندم تحت تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح (85، 60 و 35 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و فاکتور دوم سه رقم گندم (زاگرس، چمران و کوهدشت) و فاکتور سوم سه سطح نانوکلات پتاسیم با غلظت های (صفر، 25، 45 و 65 ppm) بودند. تنش کم آبی در مرحله ی سه برگچه ای بر اساس ظرفیت زراعی به گلدان ها اعمال و سه روز پس از آن، نانوکلات پتاسیم با غلظت های مشخص روی برگ های گندم محلول پاشی شدند. بررسی ها نشان دادند در اثر تیمار نانوکلات پتاسیم غلظت اسید آمینه پرولین و کربوهیدرات که در مکانیسم های دفاعی گیاه نقش اساسی دارند، افزایش یافتند. میزان فعالیت کاتالاز و پلی فنل اکسیداز با افزایش غلظت نانوکلات پتاسیم کاهش و برعکس میزان فعالیت پراکسیداز افزایش یافت. نتایج حاصل از مطالعات پروتئومیکسی با استفاده از الکتروفورز دو بعدی نشان داد که بروز پروتئین های مؤثر که ناشی از نانوکلات پتاسیم در ارتباط مستقیم با سیستم دفاعی به صورت لکه های 11، 6، 5، 14 و 19 ظاهر شدند. پروتئین های بیان شده در این آزمایش شامل برخی از آنزیم های سیستم دفاعی مانند آسکوربات پراکسیدازها، گلوتاتیون s ترانسفرازها و پروتئین های شوک حرارتی بودند. همچنین، آنزیم های کلیدی چرخه گلیکولیز و چرخه تری کربوکسیلیک اسید شامل ایزوسیترات دهیدروژناز، تریوزفسفات ایزومراز، فسفوگلیکونات دهیدروژناز، گلیسرآلدهید 3 فسفات دهیدروژناز، فروکتوز بیس فسفات بیان شدند این امر نشانگر این موضــوع می باشد که تیمار نانوکلات پتاسیم، سطح گلوکز، فروکتـوز و سـاکارز و فـراوانی سـایر آنزیم های مرتبط با تنش های زیستی و غیر زیستی را افزایش می دهد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Tolerant systems in plants including wheat are affected by several chemical factors, like nano-chelate potassium. Use of nano-chelated potassium under drought stress reduces its negative effects and increase yield. To study protein profiles of wheat under drought stress, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was performed. The first factore was three levels of irrigation (85%, 60% and 35% field capacity), the second factor consisted of three wheat cultivars (Zagros, Chamran and Kuhdasht) and the third factor consisted of four nano-chelated potassium concentrations (zero, 25, 45، 65 ppm). The results showed that concentrations of proline and carbohydrates which play a major role in plant defense mechanisms due to nano-chelated potassium treatment were increased. Catalase and butpolyphenol oxidase activity decreased with increasing concentrations of nano-chelate potassium, while peroxidase activity increased. The results of two dimentional electrophoretic studies showed changes of protein expression, due to the effect of nano-chelated potassium as a direct contact with the defensive system against drought stresses, such as 11, 6, 5, 19, 14 bands. Nano-chelated potassium is also associated with proteins involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and protein and final energy production.

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