ارزیابی برخی ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیک ارقام گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) تحت تنش کم‌آبی و کاربرد براسینواستروئید

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

مهناز ظفری ¹ (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
علی عبادی ² (گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
سدابه جهانبخش گده کهریز ³ (دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
محمد صدقی ⁴ (دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/10/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/11/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/12/01

کلید واژه: گلرنگ, براسینواستروئید, پروتئین محلول برگ, تبادلات گازی, پارامترهای فتوسنتزی,

چکیده مقاله :

جهت بررسی اثر تنش کم آبی و کاربرد تنظیم کننده رشد براسینواستروئید بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی گلرنگ بهاره، آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 1392 به صورت اسپیلت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تنش خشکی در سه سطح آبیاری، پس از 80 میلی‌متر (آبیاری نرمال)، 120 میلی‌متر (تنش ملایم) و 160 میلی متر (تنش شدید) تبخیر از تشتک تبخیرکلاس A به عنوان عامل اصلی و سه رقم گلرنگ بهاره (گلدشت، سینا خاردار و فرامان) و دو سطح تنظیم کننده رشد براسینواستروئید (شاهد و مصرف 7-10 مولار) به عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث کاهش هدایت روزنه ای، سرعت فتوسنتز،CO2 زیر روزنه ای، کارآیی مصرف آب، شاخص SPAD و پروتئین محلول برگ، میزان تعرق و عملکرد دانه گردید. در آبیاری پس از80 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک، حداکثر مقادیر تعرق و هدایت روزنه‌ای به رقم فرامان، CO2زیر روزنه ای به رقم سینا خاردار و شاخص SPAD به رقم گلدشت مربوط بودند. در تنش ملایم حداکثر میزان تعرق و هدایت روزنه‌ای به رقم گلدشت و بالاترین مقدار CO2زیر روزنه ای به رقم سینا خاردار تعلق داشتند. در تنش شدید، حداکثر مقادیر تعرق، هدایت روزنه، شاخص SPAD وCO2 زیر روزنه‌ای در رقم گلدشت مشاهده شد. به نظر می‌رسد در منطقه اردبیل، رقم گلدشت در هر دو تنش خشکی ملایم و شدید دارای تحمل بهتری نسبت به دو رقم دیگر است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To evaluate the effects of water deficit stress and growth regulator (Brassinosteroid) on some physiological characteristics cultivars of safflower, an split plot factorial experiment based on randomize complete block design with 3 replications was conducted at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2014. Water stress was in three levels: 80 mm evaporation (normal irrigation); 120 mm evaporation (low water stress); 160 mm evaporation (high water stress) from evaporation pan of class A which were assigned to main plots and three cultivars of safflower (Goldasht, Spiny Sina and Faraman) and two levels of Brassinosteroid, control and 10 -7 mol. in sub plots. The reasults showed that water stress decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, sub-stomatal CO2, water-use efficiency, chlorophyll content index (SPAD), seed yield, leaf soluble protein and transpiration rate. The results also showed that use of brassinosteriod, increased photosynthetic parameters and reduced transpiration. Irrigation at evaporation of 80 mm from pan, resulted in the maximom amount of transpiration and stomatal conductance to the Faraman cultivar, sub-stomatal CO2 to Sina spiny cultivar and chlorophyll content index (SPAD) to Goldasht cultivar. Irrigation at 120 mm evaporation from class A pan resulted in the maximum amount of transpiration and stomatal conductance to Goldasht cultivar, while the highest sub-stomatal CO2, belonged to Sina spiny. Irrigation at 160 mm evaporation from class A pan resulted in the maximum amount of transpiration, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content index (SPAD) and the sub-stomatal CO2 to Goldasht cultivar. It seems that Goldasht cultivar under both mild and severe drought stresses tolerates drought better than the other two cultivars in Ardabil rigion.

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