تحلیل چالش ها و فرصت های سرمایه گذاری خارجی در استان آذربایجان شرقی با تکیه بر متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی از دیدگاه جامعه شناسی اقتصادی
محورهای موضوعی :
جامعه شناسی
کریم یزدانی هوجقان
1
,
حسین دهقان
2
,
طلیعه خادمیان
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی جامعه شناسی اقتصادی و توسعه، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران
2 - استادیار ، گروه علوم اجتماعی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)
dr.dehgan@iau-tnb.ac.ir
3 - دانشیار، گروه علوم اجتماعی ، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/03/10
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/04/04
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/06/01
کلید واژه:
سودآوری,
سرمایه اجتماعی,
جلفا,
تبریز,
سرمایه گذاری خارجی,
بوروکراسی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی فرصت ها و چالش های سرمایه گذاری خارجی در استان آذربایجان شرقی با تاکید بر دو منطقه تجاری تبریز و جلفا انجام گرفته است. روش تحقیق ، پیمایش بوده و برای جمع آوری داده ها از پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری ، مدیران حوزه سرمایه گذاری های خارجی و سرمایه گذاران خارجی در شهرهای تبریز و جلفا بودند. حجم نمونه از طریق فرمول کوکران تعیین شد و تعداد 429 نفر با روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای متناسب انتخاب شدند . بر اساس یافته ها ، چالش های شناسایی شده سرمایه گذاری خارجی در دو منطقه تبریز و جلفا شامل بوروکراسی اداری ، نبود برنامه های اجرایی بهینه، تناقض در برنامه های اجرایی، نبود وفاق و همدلی میان مسئولین و طولانی بودن فرایند سرمایه گذاری بودند . فرصت های سرمایه گذاری خارجی شامل سودآوری بیشتر، پایین بودن هزینه های تولید، بازاریابی مناسب، دسترسی مناسب به کارگران و امکان رقابت بیشتر با محصولات کشور میزبان بودند. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که بین متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی با سه بعد مشارکت، اعتماد و انسجام اجتماعی و سرمایهگذاری خارجی (55/0=r) همبستگی معنادار مستقیم وجود دارد. همچنین بررسی تأثیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر سرمایهگذاری خارجی بیانگر آن بود که سرمایه اجتماعی 46/0 بر میزان سرمایهگذاری خارجی تأثیر دارد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
This study aims to investigate the opportunities and challenges of foreign investment in East Azerbaijan province with emphasis on the two business districts of Tabriz and Jolfa. The research method was survey and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population was managers of foreign investments and foreign investors in the cities of Tabriz and Jolfa. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula and 429 people were selected by stratified sampling method. According to the findings, the identified challenges of foreign investment in Tabriz and Jolfa regions included administrative bureaucracy, lack of optimal executive plans, inconsistencies in executive plans, lack of consensus and empathy between officials and lengthy investment process. Foreign investment opportunities included greater profitability, lower production costs, better marketing, better access to workers, and the ability to compete more with the host country's products. Findings showed that there is a significant direct correlation between the variables of social capital with the three dimensions of participation, trust and social cohesion and foreign investment (r = 0.55). Also, the study of the effect of social capital on foreign investment showed that social capital has an effect of 0.46 on foreign investment. Conflict of interest: According to the authors, the article did not have any conflict of interest.
منابع و مأخذ:
Asadnejad, Azam; Torabi, Taqi; Radfar, Reza (2016) The effect of human capital quality on attracting foreign direct investment (Case study: selected countries in Southeast Asia and Iran), Investment Knowledge, Volume 5, Number 19, pp: 253-235
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Dupasquier, Chantal ; Osakwe, N. Patrick (2005) Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Performance, Challenges and Responsibilities, African Trade Policy Centre
Hosseini, Mir Mehdi; Moghaddam, Matineh; Musazadeh, Mohammad Ali; Farah Gol,
Jafarizadeh, Akram (2019) Study of barriers and strategies to attract foreign investment in the agricultural sector of Lorestan province, thesis to receive a master's degree, Lorestan University
Morrissey, O., and Udomkerdmongkol, M., (2018), Governance, private investment and foreign direct investment in developing countries. World development, 40(3), PP. 437-445
Prasad, E., and Wei, S., (2005), The Chinese Approach to Capital Inflows: Patterns and Possible Explanations, NBER Working Paper, No. 11306
Rezaei, Mojtaba (2016) Assessing Foreign Investment Challenges and Its Reflection on the Economy (Case Study: Iranian Economy), Second Accounting and Management Economics Conference, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur
Saadatmand, Shahram; Ahmadi, Hussein; Hemmat, Massoud (1400) A Study of International Limitations and Capacities of Attracting Foreign Investment in Iran in the 2011s, Quarterly Journal of Political and International Research, No. 47, pp. 20-37
Shahsavari, Mohsen (2017) Identifying and prioritizing the effective factors for attracting foreign investment in the industrial sector of Qazvin province, Master Thesis in Business Management, Financial Orientation, Takestan Institute of Higher Education
IYER, SRIYA; KITSON, MICHAEL; TOH, BERNARD (2005) Social Capital, Economic Growth and Regional Development, Regional Studies, Vol. 39.8, pp. 1015–1040
Pouria (2016) Presenting a Model for Determining the Factors Affecting Investment Attraction in Foreign Trade Areas (Case Study: Aras Foreign Trade Zone), Quarterly Journal of Approach in Business Management, Volume 1, Number 1, pp: 32-23
Zolghadr, Malik (13986) Theoretical Foundations of Foreign Direct Investment, Politics Quarterly, Volume 39, Number 2, pp: 89-107
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Asadnejad, Azam; Torabi, Taqi; Radfar, Reza (2016) The effect of human capital quality on attracting foreign direct investment (Case study: selected countries in Southeast Asia and Iran), Investment Knowledge, Volume 5, Number 19, pp: 253-235
Azimi, Hussein (2012); Iranian Economy: Development, Planning, Politics and Culture, Tehran: Ney Publishing
Banga, R. (2009), Impact of Government Policies and Investment Agreements on FDI Inflows. Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relationship (ICRIER), 1: 31-56
Behrouz Mufruz Lu, Waqif; Soltani, Alireza; Mirzaei, Massoud (2015) A Study of Domestic Barriers and Restrictions on Foreign Investment in Iran (Field Study of 300 Foreign Investment Projects Covered by the Investment Law), Quarterly Journal of Economic Research and Policies, Volume 23, Number 74, pp: 193- 223
Dupasquier, Chantal ; Osakwe, N. Patrick (2005) Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: Performance, Challenges and Responsibilities, African Trade Policy Centre
Hosseini, Mir Mehdi; Moghaddam, Matineh; Musazadeh, Mohammad Ali; Farah Gol,
Jafarizadeh, Akram (2019) Study of barriers and strategies to attract foreign investment in the agricultural sector of Lorestan province, thesis to receive a master's degree, Lorestan University
Morrissey, O., and Udomkerdmongkol, M., (2018), Governance, private investment and foreign direct investment in developing countries. World development, 40(3), PP. 437-445
Prasad, E., and Wei, S., (2005), The Chinese Approach to Capital Inflows: Patterns and Possible Explanations, NBER Working Paper, No. 11306
Rezaei, Mojtaba (2016) Assessing Foreign Investment Challenges and Its Reflection on the Economy (Case Study: Iranian Economy), Second Accounting and Management Economics Conference, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur
Saadatmand, Shahram; Ahmadi, Hussein; Hemmat, Massoud (1400) A Study of International Limitations and Capacities of Attracting Foreign Investment in Iran in the 2011s, Quarterly Journal of Political and International Research, No. 47, pp. 20-37
Shahsavari, Mohsen (2017) Identifying and prioritizing the effective factors for attracting foreign investment in the industrial sector of Qazvin province, Master Thesis in Business Management, Financial Orientation, Takestan Institute of Higher Education
IYER, SRIYA; KITSON, MICHAEL; TOH, BERNARD (2005) Social Capital, Economic Growth and Regional Development, Regional Studies, Vol. 39.8, pp. 1015–1040
Pouria (2016) Presenting a Model for Determining the Factors Affecting Investment Attraction in Foreign Trade Areas (Case Study: Aras Foreign Trade Zone), Quarterly Journal of Approach in Business Management, Volume 1, Number 1, pp: 32-23
Zolghadr, Malik (13986) Theoretical Foundations of Foreign Direct Investment, Politics Quarterly, Volume 39, Number 2, pp: 89-107