The Ideology of Iranian National Television in News Presentation: A Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective
محورهای موضوعی : language teaching
محمد مکی
1
(University of New South Wales, Australia)
رحمان صحراگرد
2
(Shiraz University, Iran)
کلید واژه: Ideology, television, representation, Visual Aspects, News Presentation,
چکیده مقاله :
Media in general and news in particular constitute indispensable parts of modern life. TV news which contains visual elements in addition to the verbal aspects was used as the corpus of this study. In fact, this research culled out the ideologies of Iranian national television in presenting different issues. To be more precise, three internationally-significant pieces of news reports were chosen: one positive to “Us”, one hostile to “Others”, and one neutral. Then, these news reports were analyzed in detail and their lexical items, grammatical structures, and rhetorical figures were compared to find out about the differences. The results of the study showed that these three reports were presented to the audience via totally different strategies and ideologically-laden words were used to convey positive and negative meanings. In addition, the visual elements (angles, gaze, and distance) corroborated the findings of the verbal sections. The findings of this study show that lexical and grammatical choices are made purposefully in the media. So, it can be said that the results of this research contribute to the fields of linguistics, semiotics, and media.
رسانه بطور عام و اخبار بطور خاص اجزای جدایی ناپذیر زندگی امروزی را تشکیل می دهند. اخبار تلویزیون که دارای ویژگی های تصویری علاوه بر ویژگی های زبانی و کلامی می باشد، داده های این تحقیق را تشکیل می دهد. در حقیقت این تحقیق، ایدئولوژی تلویزیون ملی ایران را در ارائه مطالب متفاوت بررسی می کند. بطور دقیقتر، سه گزارش خبری مهم از منظر بین المللی که یکی مثبت برای "ما" (دوست) و یکی منفی برای دیگران (دشمن) و یکی خنثی محسوب می شدند برای این تحقیق انتخاب شدند. سپس این گزارش ها بطور دقیق بررسی شدند و واژگان آنها، ساختارهای دستوری، فنون بلاغی آنها با هم مقایسه شدند تا تفاوت های سه خبر در ارایه مسائل گوناگون آشکار شود. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که این سه خبر با استراتژهای کاملا متفاوت به بیننده ارایه شده است و کلمات با بار ایدئولوژیک برای انتقال مفاهیم مثبت و منفی استفاده شده است. به علاوه، ویژگی های تصویری (زاویه دید، نوع نگاه و فاصله) یافته های کلامی را تایید کرد. یافته های این تحقیق نشان می دهد که انتخاب های واژگانی و ساختاری کاملا بصورت هدف دار در رسانه انجام می شود. پس می توان گفت که این نتایج به زمینه های زبان شناسی، نشانه شناسی و رسانه کمک می کند.
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