مصلحت و نقش آن در قبض و بسط احکام فقهی حقوقی تعدد زوجات
محورهای موضوعی : فقه
رحمت الله سعیدی گراغانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران)
محمدرضا کیخا
2
(دانشیار گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران)
حیدر امیر پور
3
(دانشیار فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: مصلحت, تعدد زوجات, بسط, قبض, احکام فقهی و حقوقی,
چکیده مقاله :
از جمله عناصر مهم مبانی استنباط احکام، تابعیت احکام اسلامی از مصالح و مفاسد است. توجه به عنصر مصلحت در حقوق خانواده، ضمن مصادیق مختلفی از جمله بحث تعدد زوجات قابل بررسی است. در جهت بررسی و تبیین این موضوع، به موجب تحقیق حاضر که به روش توصیفی – تحلیلی و با هدف بررسی نقش عنصر مصلحت در قبض و بسط احکام تعدد زوجات انجام گرفته، این نتیجه قابل بیان است که مقتضای عقد نکاح تعدد زوجات نبوده و با در نظر گرفتن مصالح خانواده، زوجه حق دارد با اخذ تعهد و یا التزام، خود را در مقابل تنوع طلبی‌های احتمالی زوج، مصون بدارد. در مقابل، در جامعه امروزی به تبع افزایش نرخ طلاق، کاهش نرخ ازدواج در جوانان بنا به دلایل مختلف، افزایش جمعیت زنان بیوه و نیز وجود مردانی که همسرشان به دلیل مزاج سرد، بیماری‌های جنسی یا عدم تمایل به فرزنددار شدن، نمی‌توانند نیاز جنسی شوهر را تأمین کنند؛ می‌توان بسط و توسعه تعدد زوجات را مشروط به رعایت مقررات و ضوابط، توجیه نمود و سازگار با مصلحت جامعه دانست.
One of the outstanding elements of the principles of deduction of religious laws is the contingency of Islamic rulings on vice and virtue. Attention to the element of expediency in family law can be examined under various topics including the issue of polygamy. By studying and deliberating over this topic, and as a result of the present study, which was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of investigating the role of the element of expediency in the contraction and extension of polygamy rulings, it can be construed that polygamy is not inherent in marriage, and considering the interests of the family, the wife is entitled to protect herself from the husband’s potential promiscuity by receiving assurance or a commitment from him. In contrast, in today's society, due to the rising rate of divorce, the declining rate of marriage among young people for a variety of reasons, the growing number of widows, and the presence of men whose spouses cannot meet their sexual needs due to cold temperament, sexually transmitted diseases, or unwillingness to have children, the expansion of polygamy can be justifiable subject to the observance of rules and regulations and can be considered compatible with the interests of society.
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