اثربخشی روش تدریس مبتنی بر شبیهسازی درس فیزیک بر خلاقیت دانشآموزان متوسطه دوم شهر اصفهان در سال تحصیلی 98-1397
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی تربیتیمحمدجواد خوشطالع 1 , فرزانه واصفیان 2
1 - گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد میمه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میمه، ایران
2 - گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد اردستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردستان، ایران
کلید واژه: خلاقیت, روش تدریس, شبیهسازی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این پژوهش تعیین اثربخشی روش تدریس شبیهسازی در درس فیزیک بر خلاقیت دانشآموزان متوسطه دوم شهر اصفهان، در سال تحصیلی 1398-1397 بود. پژوهش نیز به روش طرح نیمه تجربی و با طرح پیشآزمون و پسآزمون انجام شد. برای سنجش خلاقیت فراگیران بر اساس دیدگاه تورنس، که در چهار خرده مقیاس سیالی، بسط، ابتکار و انعطافپذیری، بیان شده از آزمون 60 سوالی خلاقیت عابدی (1372) استفاده شد. از بین تمام دانشآموزان متوسطه دوم شهر اصفهان در رشتة علوم تجربی و در دریزیک، به صورت نمونهگیری تصادفی خوشه ای چند مرحله ای، تعداد50 نفر از دانشآموزان، انتخاب شدند. فراگیران در دو گروه 25 نفره با رشته های تحصیلی متفاوت، در دو کلاس درسی مجزا به صورت گروه آزمایش با روش تدریس شبیهسازی و گروه کنترل با روش تدریس سنتی و بدون هیچ مداخلهای به مدت هشت هفته و در جلسههای 90 دقیقهای آموزش دیدند. برای تمام فراگیران در دو گروه از یک معلم برای آموزش استفاده شد. دادههای این تحقیق با استفاده از نرمافزار 25 SPSS و در دو سطح آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی با تحلیل کواریانس چند متغیره (مانکوا) تحلیل گردید. در نهایت نتایج تحلیل این پژوهش نشان داد که؛ روش تدریس مبتنی بر شبیهسازی می تواند تفاوت معناداری در خرده مقیاسهای سیالی، بسط و ابتکار آنها داشته(05/0P<) ولی در مؤلفة انعطاف پذیری خلاقیت آنها تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد(05/0P>) و در مجموع این شیوه از تدریش باعث ارتقای خلاقیت در این فراگیران شد.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of simulation teaching method in physics course on creativity of second high school students in Isfahan city during the academic year 2018-2019. The research method is quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design. In order to measure creativity based on Torrance's view, Abedi's creativity test was used in the four subscales of Fluency, Elaboration, Intivative, and Flexibility. For this purpose, 50 high school students were selected from Isfahan Secondary High School in Experimental Sciences in Physics by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The learners were trained in two groups of 25 students with different fields of study, experimental group with simulation teaching method and control group with traditional teaching method without any intervention for eight weeks, each session for 90 minutes. For all test and control groups, one teacher was used for learning. Data were analysed by SPSS 25 software at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using multivariate analysis of covariance (Mankova). Finally, the results of the analysis showed that the simulation-based teaching method can have a significant difference in the fluid, elaborate, and creative subscales (P<0.05), but there is no significant difference in their creativity flexibility component (P>0.05). Overall, this style of teaching promoted creativity in these learners.
اسماعیلی، ابراهیم و موسوی، فرانک (1394). مقایسۀ روش تدریس مشارکتی از طریق محیط یادگیری الکترونیکی با شیوۀ سخنرانی و تأثیر آن ها بر خلاقیت و پیشرفت درسی. دو فصلنامه علمی – پژوهشی مطالعات آموزشی و آموزشگاهی، (1)4، 109-97.
پورروستایی اردکانی، سعید و عارفی، زینب(1396). مقایسهی اثربخشی آموزش مبتنی بر بازی رایانهای آموزشی و آموزش مبتنی بر فیلم آموزشی بر خلاقیت و انگیزش دانشآموزان، فنآوری آموزش، (1)12، 74-63.
جعفری، عمار و کریمی، فریبا (1396). سیاست گذاری حرفهای در نظام آموزشی در هزارة سوم با تأکید بر مبحث آینده پژوهی. شباک، (10)3، 45-56.
چرابین، مسلم و دیهیم، جواد (1395). نقش برنامه ریزی آموزشی در تحقق برنامه های توسعه ملی با تاکید بر نظام آموزشی. ایده های نو در علوم و فناوری، (2)1.
چراغچشم، عباس (1386). بررسی تأثیر شیوههای تدریس مبتنی بر تکنیکهای خلاقیت در آموزش و یادگیری دانشآموزان، دو فصلنامه تربیت اسلامی، (5)3، 36-7.
دائمی، حمیدرضا و مقیمی بارفروش، فاطمه (1383). هنجاریابی آزمون خلاقیت. تازههای علوم شناختی، (3)6 ، 8-1.
رضائی، مریم و احمدی، غلامعلی (1397). تأثیر آموزش اریگامی بر خلاتقیت دانشآموزان پسر پنجم ابتدایی منطقه 18 شهر تهران. مطالعات برنامه درسی، (48)13، 106-85.
رضا زاده ، حمیدرضا و اسکندری، مهتاب ( 1397). بررسی محتوای کتاب ریاضی یک پایه دهم دوره متوسطه بر اساس الگوی خلاقیت گیلفورد. ابتکاروخلاقیتدرعلومانسانی، 1، 164-143.
رجایی، زهرا، ارغوانی، علی و مهمی، زهرا (1396). بررسی تأثیر فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در خلاقیت و کارآفرینی(مورد مطالعه دانشجویان دانشگاه های شهرستان بیرجند). فصلنامه مرکز مطالعات و توسعه آموزش علوم پزشکی، 8 ، 188-172.
رضایی، معصومه و حسینی نسب، داود (1396). اثر بخشی نمایش عروسکی بر مهارتهای اجتماعی و خلاقیت در کودکان پیش دبستانی شهرستان مراغه. فصلنامه آموزش و ارزشیابی، (40)10، 26-9.
رسولی، یوسف. عیسی مراد، ابوالقاسم. (1394). اثر بخشی روش تدریس بدیعه پردازی برخلاقیت و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشآموزان. فصلنامة علمی، پژوهشی ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی، (1)6. 174-157.
رحیمیمند، مریم و عباسپور، عباس(1394). تأثیر شیوه های جدید آموزش بر خلاقیت و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان. فصلنامة علمی، پژوهشی ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی، (4)4 ، 142-119.
سادات حسینی، فریده (1396). مقایسۀ تأثیر مداخله ای بازیهای ویدیویی سه بعدی و دو بعدی بر خلاقیت و مهارتهای اجتماعی دانشجویان پسر. مجله روانشناسی معاصر، (1)12، 37 – 19.
ساعتی، ال. توماس(1391). تفکر خلاق، حل مشکل و تصمیم گیری. مجید عزیزی و رضا نقدی، دانشگاه تهران ، تهران، 1391، 2، 1 ،333.
شعبانی، مرتضی، ملکی، حسن، عباسپور، عباس و سعدی پور، اسماعیل (1397). طراحی مدل برنامه درسی مبتنی بر خلاقیت در دانشگاه سازمانی. فصل نامة علمی، پژوهشی پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی، (2)15، 78-62.
شاهعلیزاده، محمد، دهقانی، سجاد، بنیهاشم، کاظم و رحیمی، علی (1394). طراحی و اجرای تلفیق آموزش الگوی حل مسأله با اصول سازندهگرایی و بررسی تأثیر آن بر یادگیری و تفکّر خلاق. فصلنامة علمی، پژوهشی ابتکار و خلاقیت درعلوم انسانی، (3)5 ، 117 – 83.
شاهعلی زاده، محمد، دهقانی، سجاد و دهقان زاده، ح (1393). پرورش خلاقیت و افزایش میزان یادگیری با بهره گیری از الگوی پرورش خلاقیت ویلیامز در درس علوم تجربی. فصلنامة علمی، پژوهشی ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی، 2، 133- 111.
شعبانی، حسن (1390) . مهارتهای آموزشی. تهران. سمت. 1، 24، 476.
صادقی دیزج، الناز، حسینینسب، داود، عسگریان، فریبا، شیرعلیپور، اصغر و مقصودی،محمدرضا(1394). فرا تحلیل اثر بخشی روش های تدریس فعال در عملکرد تحصیلی دانشآموزان ایرانی، یک مطالعه مروری ساخته یافته. فصلنامه روان شناسی تربیتی، (35)11، 103-79.
عابدی، جلال (1372). خلاقیت و شیوه ای نو در اندازه گیری آن. مجله پژوهشهای روانشناختی، (1)1، 54-46.
غلامیتوران پشتی، مرضیه، کریم زاده، صمد (1390). تأثیر بازیهای رایانهای بر خلاقیت و رابطه آن با سازگازی روانی دانشآموزان. فصلنامه اندیشه های تازه در علوم تربیتی، (1)7 ، 68-55.
فلاح کفشگری، ربابه، حیدری، شعبان و یحیی زاده، سلیمان (1394). ارزیابی مدارس هوشمند و سنتی از نظر کارایی در ایجاد یادگیرندگان خود تنظیم در راستای تحول نظام برنامه پنجم توسعه کشور. دوفصلنامهمطالعاتبرنامهریزیآموزشی، 8(4)، 62-35.
فضلی، رخساره و جوادی، محمدجعفر (1383). بررسی مقایسهی تأثیر روش تدریش فعال و غیر فعال بر پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشآموزان در درس تعلیمات اجتماعی. فصلنامه تعلیم و تربیت، 78، 32-7.
قربانی، سجاد، صادقی، علیرضا و احقر، قدسی (1398). بررسی اثربخشی نرمافزار چندرسانهای محقق ساخته بر میزان خلاقیت و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشآموزان پایه پنجم در درس علوم تجربی. فصلنامة علمی، پژوهشی ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی، (4)8 ، 218-195.
کیوانی، مهسا و جعفری، اصغر (1394). تأثیر آموزش راهبرد های فراشناختی در افزایش خلاقیت و بهبود عملکرد تحصیلی دانشآموزان. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی آموزش و ارزشیابی، (30)8 ، 116-99.
گرین، گاروپی و کافمن، جیمزسی (1396). بازیهای وئدیویی و خلاقیت، منصوره بهرامی پور و الهه عمو. نوشته، اصفهان، 1396، 1، 1، 351.
موحدی، یزدان (1398). تأثیرطراحیبهینهفضایآموزشیبرارتقایخلاقیت. نشریه علمی - پژوهشی فناوری آموزش، (3)13، 535-529.
مرادی، رحیم و نوروزی، داریوش( 1395). مقایسه ی اثر بخشی آموزش از طریق بازیهای آموزشی رایانهای و روش سنتی پر مهارت های تفکر انتقادی و خلاقیت دانشآموزان تیزهوش. مجله روانشناسی مدرسه، (2)5، 150-131.
معروفی، یحیی و مولودی، مظفر(1394). تأثیر روش تدریس بدیعه پردازی بر پرورش خلاقیت دانشآموزان پایۀ پنجم ابتدایی. دو فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی پژوهش های آموزش و یادگیری، (6)22، 44-31.
مفیدی، فرخنده (1393). مبانی آموزش و پرورش در دوره پیش از دبستان. سمت، تهران، 223.
نوروزی، داریوش، ولایتی، الهه و وحدانی اسدی، محمدرضا (1396). تکنولوژی آموزشی پیشرفته. سمت. تهران، 1، 1، 520.
نصرت، فاطمه، یوسفی، علیرضا و لیاقدار، محمدجواد (1389). تاثیر آموزش فعال فناورانۀ فیزیک بر پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشآموزان دورۀ متوسطه. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی برنامه ریزی درسی- دانش و پژوهش در علوم تربیتی، (11)2، 64-53.
هاشمی، تورج، واحدی، شهرام و احراری، غفور (1394). فراتحلیل برنامههای مداخلاتی پرورش خلاقیت. فصل نامة علمی، پژوهشی ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی، (3) 5، 32-1.
یارمحمدزاده، پیمان، اسدیان عباس بلاغی، سیروس و کرمی، زهرا (1394). تحلیل محتوای چند رسانهایهای آموزشی در فیزیک با توجه به اصول چند رسانه ای، ساختار و محتوا. فصلنامه فن آوری اطلاعات در علوم تربیتی، (4)5 ، 95-71.
Akpinar, E. (2013). The Use of Interactive Computer Animations Based on POE as a Presentation Tool in Primary Science Teaching. Journal Science Education Technology. DOI: 10.1007/10956-013-9482-4.
Abedi, J. (1993). Creativity and a new way of measuring it. Journal of sychological Research, (1) 1, 54-46 [In Persian].
Bogusevschi, D., Muntean, C.H., & Muntean, G.M. (2019).Teaching and Learning Physics using 3D Virtual Learning Environment. A Case Study of Combined Virtual Reality and Virtual Laboratory in Secondary School. SITE 2019 - Las Vegas. 18-22.
Ceberio, M., Alumdi, J, M., & Franco, A. (2016). Design and Application of Interactive Simulations in Problem- Solving in University-Level Physics Education. Journal Science Education Technology, 25, 590–609.
Cherabin, M. & Deihim, J. (2016). The Role of Educational Planning in Implementing National Development Plans with Emphasis on the Education System. New Ideas in Science and Technology, (2) 1 [In Persian].
Corbeil, P, &Laveault, D. (2011). Validity of a Simulation Game as a Method for History Teaching Simulation & Gaming, 42(4), 462–475.
Cant, R. R., &Cooper, S. J. (2009) ،Simulation-based learning in nurse education، systematic review, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(1), 3–15.
Chang, K.E., Chen, Y.L., Lin, H.Y., Sung, Y.T. (2008). Effects of learning support in simulation-based physics learning،Computers & Education, 51, 1486–1498.
Cheshm, C. A. (2007). Investigating the Effect of Teaching Based on Creative Techniques on Teaching and Learning in Students, Two Islamic Education Quarterly, (5) 3, 7-36 [In Persian].
Dashti, G. T. M. & Karimzadeh, S. (2011). The Impact of Computer Games on Creativity and its Relationship with Students' Psychological Adaptation. Journal of New Thoughts in Educational Sciences, (1) 7, 55-68 [In Persian].
Daemi, H.R. & Moghimi, B.F. (2004). Standardization of the creativity test. Cognitive Science News, 6 (3), 1-8 [In Persian].
Esmaili, E. & Mousavi, F. (2015). Comparison of Collaborative Teaching Method through E-learning Environment with Lecture Method and Their Impact on Creativity and Curriculum Development. Two scientific and research journals, 4(1), 97-109 [In Persian].
Fallah, C. R., Heydari, S., & Yahyazadeh, S. (2015). Evaluation of Smart and Traditional Schools for Performance in Developing Self-Regulated Learners to Evolve the Fifth Development Plan of the Country. Journal of Educational Planning Studies, 8 (4), 35-62 [In Persian].
Fazli, R., & Javadi, M. J. (2004). A Comparative Study of the Effect of Active and Inactive Teaching Methods on Students 5th in Social Education Course. Journal of Education, 78, 7-32 [In Persian].
Fan, X., Geelan, D., & Gillies, R. (2018). Evaluating a Novel Instructional Sequence for Conceptual Change in Physics Using Interactive Simulations. Education science, 8, 29, DOI:10.3390/educsci8010029.
Ghorbani, S., Sadeghi, A., & Ahqhar, G. (2019). Investigating the Effectiveness of Researcher-Made Multimedia Software on Creativity and Academic Achievement of Fifth Grade Students in the Experimental Science Course. Science, Innovation and Creativity Research Quarterly Journal, (4) 8, 218-195. [In Persian].
Green, G., & Kauffman, J. (1986). Video Games and Creativity, Mansoura Bahrami Pour and Elahe Uncle. Post, Isfahan, 1396, 1, 1, 351 [In Persian].
Humble, S., Dixon, P., & Mpofu, E. (2018). Factor structure of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking Figural Form A in Kiswahili speaking children. Multidimensionality and influences on creative behavior. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 27, 33–44.
Hashemi, T., Vahedi, S., & Ahrari, G. (2015). A meta-analysis of creativity intervention programs. Science, Innovation and Creativity Research Quarterly, 5 (3), 1-32 [in Persian].
Jafari, A., & Karimi, F. (2017). Professional policymaking in the educational system in the third millennium with emphasis on futures research. Shabak, 3(10), 45-56 [In Persian].
Kibirige, I., & Tsamago, H.E. (2019). Grade 10 Learners’ Science Conceptual Development Using Computer Simulations، EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(7), DOI:10.29333/ejmste/106057.
Kao, G. Y. M., Chiang, C. H., & Sun, C. T. (2017) Customizing scaffolds for game-based learning in physics. Impacts on knowledge acquisition and game design creativity, Computers & Education, 113, 294-312.
Kivani, M., & Jafari, A. (2015). The effect of teaching metacognitive strategies on increasing creativity and improving students' academic performance. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 30 (8), 116-99 [In Persian].
Kivani, M., & Jafari, A. (2015). The effect of teaching metacognitive strategies on increasing creativity and improving students' academic performance. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 30 (8), 99-116 [In Persian].
Khan, S. (2011). New Pedagogies on Teaching Science with Computer Simulations. Journal Science Education Technology, 20,215 –232.
Lopez, V., & Pinto, R. (2017). Identifying secondary-school students’ difficulties when reading visual representations displayed in physics simulations. International Journal of Science Education. DOI:10.1080/09500693.2017.1332441.
Makransky, G., Mayer, R.E., Veitch, N., Hood, M., Christensen, B., & Gadegaard, H. (2019). Equivalence of using a desktop virtual reality science simulation at home and in class. DOI.10.1371/journal. Pone.0214944.
Miller, Z, A., Amin, A., Tu J., Echenique, A., & Winokur, R.S. (2018). Simulation-based Training for Interventional Radiology and Opportunities for Improving the Educational Paradigm. DOI.10.1053/j.tvir.2018.10.008.
Maghoul, P., Boulet, B., Tardif, A., & Haidar, A. (2017). Computer Simulation Model to Train Medical Personnel on Glucose Clamp Procedures، Canadian Journal of Diabetes, xxx,1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.08.004
Moore, E. B., Chamberlain, J.M., Parson, R., & Perkins, K.K. (2014). PhET interactive simulations: Transformative tools for teaching chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 91(8), 1191-1197.
Macal, C.M., & North, M.J. (2013). Successful approaches for teaching agent-based simulation، Journal of Simulation, 7(1) ، 1-11.
Martinez, G., Naranjo, F.L., Perez, A.L., & Suero, M.I (2011). Comparative study of the effectiveness of three learning environments: Hyper-realistic virtual simulations, traditional schematic simulations and traditional laboratory، Physical review special topics- physics education research,7(2), 1-12.
Movahedi, Y. (2019). The Effect of Optimal Design of Educational Space on Creativity Promotion. Journal of Educational Technology, 13(3), 529-535 [In Persian].
Moradi, R., & Nowruz, D. (2016). A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Education through Computer Games and the Traditional Critical Thinking Skills and Creativity of Gifted Students. Journal of School Psychology, (2) 5, 131-150 [In Persian].
Maroufi, Y., & Moloudi, M. (2015). The Effect of Innovative Teaching on Fostering Elementary Grade 5 Elementary School Students. Two Quarterly Journal of Education and Learning Research, 6 (22), 31-44 [In Persian].
Mofidi, F. (2014). Basics of pre-school education. SAMT, Tehran, 223 [In Persian].
Neriz, L., Nunez, A., Caceres, V. F., Ramis, F., & Jerez, O. (2019).Simulation-based training as a teaching and learning tool for management education. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. https.//doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2019.1631874.
Nowruz, D., Velayati, E., & Vahdani A.M.R. (2017). Advanced educational technology. SAMT. Tehran, 1, 1, 520 [in Persian].
Nosrat, F., Yousefi, A., & Laghdar, M.J. (2010). The Impact of Active Physical Technology Education on Secondary School Students' Academic Achievement. Journal of Curriculum Planning- Knowledge and Research in Educational Sciences, (11) 2, 53-64 [in Persian].
Pinto, A., Barbot, A., Viegas, C., Silva, A. A., Santos, C, A, & Lopes, J. B. (2014). Teaching science with experimental work and computer simulations in a primary teacher education course، what challenges to promote epistemic practices? Procedia Technology, 13 ، 86 – 96.
Portrustai A.S., & Arefi, Z. (2017). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Computer-Based Learning and Video-Based Learning on Students' Creativity and Motivation, Educational Technology, 12(1), 63-74.
Reza Zadeh, H.R., & Eskandari, M. (2018). Investigating the content of a 10th grade math textbook based on Guilford's pattern of creativity. Innovation and Creativity in the Humanities, 1, 164-143 [In Persian].
Rezaei, M., & Ahmadi, G. (2018). The effect of origami education on the creativity of fifth grade elementary school students in district 18 of Tehran. Curriculum Studies, 13(48), 85-106 [In Persian].
Rajaii, Z., Arghavani, A., & Mahmoudi, Z. (2017). The Impact of ICT on Creativity and Entrepreneurship (Case Study of Birjand University Students). Journal of Medical Education Development Studies Center, 8, 188-172 [In Persian]
Rezaei, M., & Hosseini N.D. (2017). The Effectiveness of Puppet Show on Social Skills and Creativity in Preschool Children in Maragheh. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 10(40), 9- 26 [in Persian]
Rasuli, J., & Eisa M. A. (2015). Effectiveness of Innovative Teaching Techniques of Student Ethics and Academic Achievement. Chapter of Scientific, Innovation and Creativity Research in the Humanities, (1) 6. 157-174 [in Persian]
Renken, M, D., & Nunez, N. (2013). Computer simulations and clear observations do not guarantee conceptual Understanding، Learning and Instruction, 23, 10-23.
Rutten, N., Joolingen, W.R., & Van der veen, J.T. (2012). The learning effects of computer simulations in science education ،Computers & Education, 58, 136–153.
Runco, M, A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent Thinking as an Indicator of Creative Potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1) ، 66-75.
Rahimiand, M., & Abbaspour, A. (2015). The Impact of New Teaching Methods on Students' Creativity and Academic Achievement. Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity Research in the Humanities, 4(4), 119-142 [In Persian].
Shabani, M., Maleki, H., Abbaspour, A., & Saadipour, E. (2018). Designing a Creativity-Based Curriculum Model in Organizational University Academic. Quarterly Journal, Curriculum Research, 2 (15), 62-78 [In Persian].
Sharifi, A., Ghandizadeh, A., & Jahedzadeh, S. (2017). The Effect of Simulation on Middle School Students’ Perceptions of Classroom Activities and their Foreign Language Achievement، A Mixed-Methods Approach. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9, 667-680 [In Persian].
Sadat H.F. (2017). Comparison of the Interventional Effect of 3D and 2D Video Games on Creativity and Social Skills of Male Students. Journal of Contemporary Psychology, 12(1), 19-37 [In Persian]
Stephens, L., & Clement, J.J. (2015). Use of physics simulations in whole class and small group settings، Comparative case studies. Computers & Education 86, 137-156.
Srisawasdi, N., & Panjaburee, P. (2015). Exploring effectiveness of simulation-based inquiry learning in science with integration of formative assessment. J، Comput، Educ,2(3),323–352.
Shah A. M., Dehghani, S., Bani H.K., & Rahimi, A. (2015). Design and Implementation of Integrating Problem Solving Training with Principles of Constructivism and Investigating its Impact on Learning and Creative Thinking. Journal of Initiative and Creativity in Human Science, 5 (3), 83-117 [In Persian].
Sadeghi D. E., Hosseini N. D., Asgarian, F., Shirali Pour, A., & Maghsoudi, M.R. (2015). A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of active teaching methods on academic performance of Iranian students, a review study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 11(35) 11, 79-103 [In Persian].
Shahzalizadeh, M., Dehghani, S., & Dehghanizadeh, H. (2014). Nurturing creativity and enhancing learning by using the Williams Creativity Model in Experimental Science. Journal of Innovation and Creativity in the Humanities, 2, 111-131 [in Persian].
Saati, l. T. (2012). Creative thinking, problem solving and decision making. Majid Azizi and Reza Naghdi, University of Tehran, Tehran, 2012, 2, 1, 333 [In Persian].
Shabani, H. (2011). Educational Skills. Tehran. Side. 1, 24, 476 [in Persian].
Thomas, C. M. & Barker, N. (2018). Simulation Elective، A Novel Approach to Using Simulation for Learning، Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 23, 21-29.
Torrance, E. P., (1972). Predictive Validity of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The Journal of Creative Behavior,6(4), 236-252.
Ulger, K. (2018). The Effect of Problem-Based Learning on the Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking Disposition of Students in Visual Arts Education. DOI:10.7771/1541-5015.1649.
Wood, B. K., & Blevins, B. K. (2019). Substituting the practical teaching of physics with simulations for the assessment of practical skills, an experimental study, https://iopscience،iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6552/ab0192[Accessed 2 August 2019].
Yuliati, L. Riantoni, C., & Mufti, N. (2018). Problem Solving Skills on Direct Current Electricity through Inquiry-Based Learning with PHET Simulations. International Journal of Instruction, 4 , 123-138.
Yarmohammadzadeh, P., Asadian A.B.S., & Karami, Z. (2015). Analyze the content of multimedia teaching in physics according to the principles of multimedia, structure and content. Information Technology Quarterly in Education, (4) 5, 71-95 [In Persian].
Zacharia, Z., (2003). Beliefs, Attitudes, and Intentions of Science Teachers Regarding the Educational Use of Computer Simulations and Inquiry-Based Experiments in Physics. Journal of research in science Teaching, 40, 792–823.
_||_Akpinar, E. (2013). The Use of Interactive Computer Animations Based on POE as a Presentation Tool in Primary Science Teaching. Journal Science Education Technology. DOI: 10.1007/10956-013-9482-4.
Abedi, J. (1993). Creativity and a new way of measuring it. Journal of sychological Research, (1) 1, 54-46 [In Persian].
Bogusevschi, D., Muntean, C.H., & Muntean, G.M. (2019).Teaching and Learning Physics using 3D Virtual Learning Environment. A Case Study of Combined Virtual Reality and Virtual Laboratory in Secondary School. SITE 2019 - Las Vegas. 18-22.
Ceberio, M., Alumdi, J, M., & Franco, A. (2016). Design and Application of Interactive Simulations in Problem- Solving in University-Level Physics Education. Journal Science Education Technology, 25, 590–609.
Cherabin, M. & Deihim, J. (2016). The Role of Educational Planning in Implementing National Development Plans with Emphasis on the Education System. New Ideas in Science and Technology, (2) 1 [In Persian].
Corbeil, P, &Laveault, D. (2011). Validity of a Simulation Game as a Method for History Teaching Simulation & Gaming, 42(4), 462–475.
Cant, R. R., &Cooper, S. J. (2009) ،Simulation-based learning in nurse education، systematic review, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(1), 3–15.
Chang, K.E., Chen, Y.L., Lin, H.Y., Sung, Y.T. (2008). Effects of learning support in simulation-based physics learning،Computers & Education, 51, 1486–1498.
Cheshm, C. A. (2007). Investigating the Effect of Teaching Based on Creative Techniques on Teaching and Learning in Students, Two Islamic Education Quarterly, (5) 3, 7-36 [In Persian].
Dashti, G. T. M. & Karimzadeh, S. (2011). The Impact of Computer Games on Creativity and its Relationship with Students' Psychological Adaptation. Journal of New Thoughts in Educational Sciences, (1) 7, 55-68 [In Persian].
Daemi, H.R. & Moghimi, B.F. (2004). Standardization of the creativity test. Cognitive Science News, 6 (3), 1-8 [In Persian].
Esmaili, E. & Mousavi, F. (2015). Comparison of Collaborative Teaching Method through E-learning Environment with Lecture Method and Their Impact on Creativity and Curriculum Development. Two scientific and research journals, 4(1), 97-109 [In Persian].
Fallah, C. R., Heydari, S., & Yahyazadeh, S. (2015). Evaluation of Smart and Traditional Schools for Performance in Developing Self-Regulated Learners to Evolve the Fifth Development Plan of the Country. Journal of Educational Planning Studies, 8 (4), 35-62 [In Persian].
Fazli, R., & Javadi, M. J. (2004). A Comparative Study of the Effect of Active and Inactive Teaching Methods on Students 5th in Social Education Course. Journal of Education, 78, 7-32 [In Persian].
Fan, X., Geelan, D., & Gillies, R. (2018). Evaluating a Novel Instructional Sequence for Conceptual Change in Physics Using Interactive Simulations. Education science, 8, 29, DOI:10.3390/educsci8010029.
Ghorbani, S., Sadeghi, A., & Ahqhar, G. (2019). Investigating the Effectiveness of Researcher-Made Multimedia Software on Creativity and Academic Achievement of Fifth Grade Students in the Experimental Science Course. Science, Innovation and Creativity Research Quarterly Journal, (4) 8, 218-195. [In Persian].
Green, G., & Kauffman, J. (1986). Video Games and Creativity, Mansoura Bahrami Pour and Elahe Uncle. Post, Isfahan, 1396, 1, 1, 351 [In Persian].
Humble, S., Dixon, P., & Mpofu, E. (2018). Factor structure of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking Figural Form A in Kiswahili speaking children. Multidimensionality and influences on creative behavior. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 27, 33–44.
Hashemi, T., Vahedi, S., & Ahrari, G. (2015). A meta-analysis of creativity intervention programs. Science, Innovation and Creativity Research Quarterly, 5 (3), 1-32 [in Persian].
Jafari, A., & Karimi, F. (2017). Professional policymaking in the educational system in the third millennium with emphasis on futures research. Shabak, 3(10), 45-56 [In Persian].
Kibirige, I., & Tsamago, H.E. (2019). Grade 10 Learners’ Science Conceptual Development Using Computer Simulations، EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(7), DOI:10.29333/ejmste/106057.
Kao, G. Y. M., Chiang, C. H., & Sun, C. T. (2017) Customizing scaffolds for game-based learning in physics. Impacts on knowledge acquisition and game design creativity, Computers & Education, 113, 294-312.
Kivani, M., & Jafari, A. (2015). The effect of teaching metacognitive strategies on increasing creativity and improving students' academic performance. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 30 (8), 116-99 [In Persian].
Kivani, M., & Jafari, A. (2015). The effect of teaching metacognitive strategies on increasing creativity and improving students' academic performance. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 30 (8), 99-116 [In Persian].
Khan, S. (2011). New Pedagogies on Teaching Science with Computer Simulations. Journal Science Education Technology, 20,215 –232.
Lopez, V., & Pinto, R. (2017). Identifying secondary-school students’ difficulties when reading visual representations displayed in physics simulations. International Journal of Science Education. DOI:10.1080/09500693.2017.1332441.
Makransky, G., Mayer, R.E., Veitch, N., Hood, M., Christensen, B., & Gadegaard, H. (2019). Equivalence of using a desktop virtual reality science simulation at home and in class. DOI.10.1371/journal. Pone.0214944.
Miller, Z, A., Amin, A., Tu J., Echenique, A., & Winokur, R.S. (2018). Simulation-based Training for Interventional Radiology and Opportunities for Improving the Educational Paradigm. DOI.10.1053/j.tvir.2018.10.008.
Maghoul, P., Boulet, B., Tardif, A., & Haidar, A. (2017). Computer Simulation Model to Train Medical Personnel on Glucose Clamp Procedures، Canadian Journal of Diabetes, xxx,1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.08.004
Moore, E. B., Chamberlain, J.M., Parson, R., & Perkins, K.K. (2014). PhET interactive simulations: Transformative tools for teaching chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 91(8), 1191-1197.
Macal, C.M., & North, M.J. (2013). Successful approaches for teaching agent-based simulation، Journal of Simulation, 7(1) ، 1-11.
Martinez, G., Naranjo, F.L., Perez, A.L., & Suero, M.I (2011). Comparative study of the effectiveness of three learning environments: Hyper-realistic virtual simulations, traditional schematic simulations and traditional laboratory، Physical review special topics- physics education research,7(2), 1-12.
Movahedi, Y. (2019). The Effect of Optimal Design of Educational Space on Creativity Promotion. Journal of Educational Technology, 13(3), 529-535 [In Persian].
Moradi, R., & Nowruz, D. (2016). A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Education through Computer Games and the Traditional Critical Thinking Skills and Creativity of Gifted Students. Journal of School Psychology, (2) 5, 131-150 [In Persian].
Maroufi, Y., & Moloudi, M. (2015). The Effect of Innovative Teaching on Fostering Elementary Grade 5 Elementary School Students. Two Quarterly Journal of Education and Learning Research, 6 (22), 31-44 [In Persian].
Mofidi, F. (2014). Basics of pre-school education. SAMT, Tehran, 223 [In Persian].
Neriz, L., Nunez, A., Caceres, V. F., Ramis, F., & Jerez, O. (2019).Simulation-based training as a teaching and learning tool for management education. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. https.//doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2019.1631874.
Nowruz, D., Velayati, E., & Vahdani A.M.R. (2017). Advanced educational technology. SAMT. Tehran, 1, 1, 520 [in Persian].
Nosrat, F., Yousefi, A., & Laghdar, M.J. (2010). The Impact of Active Physical Technology Education on Secondary School Students' Academic Achievement. Journal of Curriculum Planning- Knowledge and Research in Educational Sciences, (11) 2, 53-64 [in Persian].
Pinto, A., Barbot, A., Viegas, C., Silva, A. A., Santos, C, A, & Lopes, J. B. (2014). Teaching science with experimental work and computer simulations in a primary teacher education course، what challenges to promote epistemic practices? Procedia Technology, 13 ، 86 – 96.
Portrustai A.S., & Arefi, Z. (2017). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Computer-Based Learning and Video-Based Learning on Students' Creativity and Motivation, Educational Technology, 12(1), 63-74.
Reza Zadeh, H.R., & Eskandari, M. (2018). Investigating the content of a 10th grade math textbook based on Guilford's pattern of creativity. Innovation and Creativity in the Humanities, 1, 164-143 [In Persian].
Rezaei, M., & Ahmadi, G. (2018). The effect of origami education on the creativity of fifth grade elementary school students in district 18 of Tehran. Curriculum Studies, 13(48), 85-106 [In Persian].
Rajaii, Z., Arghavani, A., & Mahmoudi, Z. (2017). The Impact of ICT on Creativity and Entrepreneurship (Case Study of Birjand University Students). Journal of Medical Education Development Studies Center, 8, 188-172 [In Persian]
Rezaei, M., & Hosseini N.D. (2017). The Effectiveness of Puppet Show on Social Skills and Creativity in Preschool Children in Maragheh. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 10(40), 9- 26 [in Persian]
Rasuli, J., & Eisa M. A. (2015). Effectiveness of Innovative Teaching Techniques of Student Ethics and Academic Achievement. Chapter of Scientific, Innovation and Creativity Research in the Humanities, (1) 6. 157-174 [in Persian]
Renken, M, D., & Nunez, N. (2013). Computer simulations and clear observations do not guarantee conceptual Understanding، Learning and Instruction, 23, 10-23.
Rutten, N., Joolingen, W.R., & Van der veen, J.T. (2012). The learning effects of computer simulations in science education ،Computers & Education, 58, 136–153.
Runco, M, A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent Thinking as an Indicator of Creative Potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1) ، 66-75.
Rahimiand, M., & Abbaspour, A. (2015). The Impact of New Teaching Methods on Students' Creativity and Academic Achievement. Journal of Science, Innovation and Creativity Research in the Humanities, 4(4), 119-142 [In Persian].
Shabani, M., Maleki, H., Abbaspour, A., & Saadipour, E. (2018). Designing a Creativity-Based Curriculum Model in Organizational University Academic. Quarterly Journal, Curriculum Research, 2 (15), 62-78 [In Persian].
Sharifi, A., Ghandizadeh, A., & Jahedzadeh, S. (2017). The Effect of Simulation on Middle School Students’ Perceptions of Classroom Activities and their Foreign Language Achievement، A Mixed-Methods Approach. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9, 667-680 [In Persian].
Sadat H.F. (2017). Comparison of the Interventional Effect of 3D and 2D Video Games on Creativity and Social Skills of Male Students. Journal of Contemporary Psychology, 12(1), 19-37 [In Persian]
Stephens, L., & Clement, J.J. (2015). Use of physics simulations in whole class and small group settings، Comparative case studies. Computers & Education 86, 137-156.
Srisawasdi, N., & Panjaburee, P. (2015). Exploring effectiveness of simulation-based inquiry learning in science with integration of formative assessment. J، Comput، Educ,2(3),323–352.
Shah A. M., Dehghani, S., Bani H.K., & Rahimi, A. (2015). Design and Implementation of Integrating Problem Solving Training with Principles of Constructivism and Investigating its Impact on Learning and Creative Thinking. Journal of Initiative and Creativity in Human Science, 5 (3), 83-117 [In Persian].
Sadeghi D. E., Hosseini N. D., Asgarian, F., Shirali Pour, A., & Maghsoudi, M.R. (2015). A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of active teaching methods on academic performance of Iranian students, a review study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 11(35) 11, 79-103 [In Persian].
Shahzalizadeh, M., Dehghani, S., & Dehghanizadeh, H. (2014). Nurturing creativity and enhancing learning by using the Williams Creativity Model in Experimental Science. Journal of Innovation and Creativity in the Humanities, 2, 111-131 [in Persian].
Saati, l. T. (2012). Creative thinking, problem solving and decision making. Majid Azizi and Reza Naghdi, University of Tehran, Tehran, 2012, 2, 1, 333 [In Persian].
Shabani, H. (2011). Educational Skills. Tehran. Side. 1, 24, 476 [in Persian].
Thomas, C. M. & Barker, N. (2018). Simulation Elective، A Novel Approach to Using Simulation for Learning، Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 23, 21-29.
Torrance, E. P., (1972). Predictive Validity of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The Journal of Creative Behavior,6(4), 236-252.
Ulger, K. (2018). The Effect of Problem-Based Learning on the Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking Disposition of Students in Visual Arts Education. DOI:10.7771/1541-5015.1649.
Wood, B. K., & Blevins, B. K. (2019). Substituting the practical teaching of physics with simulations for the assessment of practical skills, an experimental study, https://iopscience،iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6552/ab0192[Accessed 2 August 2019].
Yuliati, L. Riantoni, C., & Mufti, N. (2018). Problem Solving Skills on Direct Current Electricity through Inquiry-Based Learning with PHET Simulations. International Journal of Instruction, 4 , 123-138.
Yarmohammadzadeh, P., Asadian A.B.S., & Karami, Z. (2015). Analyze the content of multimedia teaching in physics according to the principles of multimedia, structure and content. Information Technology Quarterly in Education, (4) 5, 71-95 [In Persian].
Zacharia, Z., (2003). Beliefs, Attitudes, and Intentions of Science Teachers Regarding the Educational Use of Computer Simulations and Inquiry-Based Experiments in Physics. Journal of research in science Teaching, 40, 792–823.