ارائه مدل استفاده از اینترنت اشیا در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ایران (رویکردی جهت ارتقای بهره‌وری در این شرکت‌ها)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت(منابع انسانی)
خاطره اسمعیلی رنجبر
1
(دانشجوی دکترای گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
نجلا حریری
2
(استاد گروه علوم ارتباطات و دانش شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
مژده سلاجقه
3
(دانشیار گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.)
فهیمه باب الحوائجی
4
(استادیار گروه علوم ارتباطات و دانش‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: بهره‌وری, ارتقای بهره‌وری, اینترنت اشیا, دانش‌بنیان, نظریه داده‌بنیان,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه مدلی برای استفاده از اینترنت اشیا در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ایران به انجام رسید. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی است و رویکرد پژوهش‌های آمیخته را دنبال کرد، روش اصلی جهت دستیابی به مدل مورد نظر در آن، نظریه داده‌بنیان است. در بخش کیفی با 25 نفر از مدیران و شاغلان شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان که به نوعی در مباحث اینترنت اشیا دارای تجربه و تخصص بودند، مصاحبه شد. در بخش کمی کلیه مدیران و کارشناسان فناوری شاغل در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، جزو جامعه پژوهش هستند. برای انتخاب نمونه‌ها از فرمول کوکران برای جوامع محدود استفاده شد. بر اساس این فرمول تعداد نمونه‌ها برابر 400 نفر تعیین گردید که افراد نمونه بر اساس نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها، بعد از استخراج نتایج شیوه داده‌بنیان، پرسش نامه‌ای برای تحلیل عاملی تأییدی و تهیه مدل نهایی آماده شد و پس از احراز روایی محتوا و بررسی شاخص بارتلت و KMO، پرسش نامه با روش مؤلفه‌های اصلی و چرخش واریماکس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و لیزرل مورد تحلیل عاملی قرار گرفت. برای استفاده از اینترنت اشیا در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ایران مدلی شامل 5 مقوله اصلی، 13 زیرمؤلفه و 59 مفهوم ارائه شد. الزامات مدیریتی، الزامات مشتری و اقتصاد مقاومتی سبب پیدایش اینترنت اشیا در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان می‌شود. ویژگی‌های حاکم بر شرکت، ویژگی‌های نیروی انسانی و ویژگی‌های مدیران می‌توانند زمینه مناسبی را برای استفاده از اینترنت اشیا فراهم سازند. شرایط حاکم بر کشور، فشارهای بین‌المللی و همکاری‌های بین‌المللی می‌توانند جزو عوامل واسطه‌ای تأثیرگذار بر استفاده از اینترنت اشیا باشند. همچنین مواد اولیه و زیرساخت‌ها می‌توانند به‌عنوان راهبردی اثربخش در استفاده از اینترنت اشیا باشند. می‌توان با استفاده از بهره‌مندی از اینترنت اشیا، عوامل مرتبط با مشتری، همکاری‌های بین‌المللی و نتایج مورد انتظار را در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان متصور شد.
The present study aimed at presenting a model for the use of the Internet of Things in Iranian knowledge-based companies. In terms of exploration and data collection, this applied research is a qualitative and quantitative one. The main approach for achieving the model of using the Internet of Things is the grounded theory methodology which is based on a paradigmatic model. In the qualitative part, 25 executives and practitioners of knowledge-based companies who were somehow specialized and experienced in the Internet of Things were interviewed. They were selected through snowball method. For the quantitative part, all managers and technology experts working in knowledge-based companies were considered as the research population. Cochran's formula for finite communities was used to select the sample. After careful analysis of the interviews, 59 extracted concepts were identified in 5 main categories and 13 subcategories. It was found that management requirements, customer requirements, and resistance economics give rise to the Internet of Things in the knowledge-based companies. The characteristics of the company, the human resources and the managers can provide a suitable ground for using the Internet of Things. Moreover, it was revealed that and the conditions in the country, international pressure and international cooperation can be among the intermediary factors influencing the use of the Internet of Things. Raw materials and infrastructure can also be effective for using the Internet of Things. Finally, using Internet of Things, customer-related factors, international collaborations, and expected results can be anticipated in knowledge-based companies.
Ahmadi Jashghani, Abdollah and Esmaeelian, Gholamreza. (2016), Evaluation of Prioritization of Factors Affecting Improvement of Strategy Development of Small and Medium-Sized Knowledge Based Companies Using ANP Model; Case Study: Companies Based in Isfahan Scientific and Research Town Management Tomorrow, 43 (13), 113-120,.(in persian).
Arman, mani and Shafieii, Mahbobeh. (2018), Competitive Capabilities in Knowledge Firms A Model for Explaining the Role of Strategic Agility and Strategic Learning. Management Studies, Improvement and Transformation, 83 (25), 25-50, (in persian).
Amini, Mohammad Taqi, Mir Mohammadi, Seyed Mohammad and Qasea, Hassan. (2015), Investigating the role of small and medium knowledge-based companies in the field of knowledge and technology production on reducing the effects of high-tech electronic products sanctions against Iran. Socio-Cultural Strategy, 14 (4), 7-28, (in persian).
Azar, Adil, Sadeghi, Arash and Nationaaj, Asadollah. (2012), rioritizing Effective Factors on the Success of Small and Medium Sized Businesses - Superior Technology - Fuzzy Network Analysis Process Approach. Entrepreneurship Development. journal of Entrepreneurship Development; 5(2): 165-184, (in Persian).
Bazargani, Hossein and Fathi, Mohammad Reza.(2018), Designing a strategy map using the concept of strategy house and fuzzy cypress in a knowledge based company. Strategic Management Research, 65 (23), 103-129, (in persian).
Danshfard, karamallah. (2016), Analyzing the Factors Affecting the Knowledge Base Establishment Strategy and Providing a Proper Model. Strategic Management Research, 61 (22), 29-53, (in persian).
Ghasemi, Roohollah, Mohagher, Ali, Safari, Hosein, Akbari Jokar, Mohammad Reza.(2016), Prioritization of Internet Technology Objects in Iran's Healthcare Sector: An Stimulus for Sustainable Development. Journal of Information Technology Management. 1(8): 155-176, (in persian).
Hendriks, Steven.( 2016), The Internet of Things: How the world will be connected in 2025. (Master), Utrecht University.
Hooman, Heidar ali. (2011). ASnalysis of multivariate data in behavioral research. Tehran: Peyk farhang, (in persian).
Jalalpour, Sadigheh, Talebi, Kabmiz, tabibi, Seyed jamaledin.(2016), Performance improvement of Iranian knowledge based firm: Identify effective factors in policies and executive programs Entrepreneurship Development Journal . 2(9): 199-217,(in persian).
khaiateyan , Mohammad, Sadegh, Eliasi, Mahdi and Tabatabaeian, Sayyid Habibollah.( 2016), Sustainability Pattern of Knowledge-Based Companies in Iran. Science and Technology Policy, 30 (8), 49-62,(in persian).
khedmatgozar, Hamid Reza.(2015), The Role of the Internet of Things in Knowledge Management Systems (Case Study: Performance Management of Yazd Municipality Employees). Information Technology Management, 24 (7), 553-572, (in persian).
Karimova, Gulnara Z. (2015), Society of things: An alternative vision of Internet of things. Cogent Social Sciences, 1(1), 1-7.
Li, Dong-Ying, Xie, Shun-Dao, Chen, Rong-Jun, & Tan, Hong-Zhou.(2016), Design of Internet of Things System for Library Materials Management using UHF RFID. Paper presented at the RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA), 2016 IEEE International Conference on.
Mansouri, Somayyah, vazifa, Zahra, and Youssefitabas, Halimah. (2018), Prioritizing Proponents of Factors Affecting the Development of Knowledge-Based Companies in Kerman Province. Entrepreneurship Development, 36 (10), 319-338, (in persian).
Nespoli, P., Useche Pelaez, D., Diaz Lopez, D., & Gomez Marmol, F. (2019), COSMOS: Collaborative, Seamless and Adaptive Sentinel for the Internet of Things. Sensors (Basel), 19(7), 1-29.
Nespoli, P., Zago, M., Huertas Celdran, A., Gil Perez, M., Gomez Marmol, F., & Garcia Clemente, F. J. (2019), PALOT: Profiling and Authenticating Users Leveraging Internet of Things. Sensors (Basel), 19(12), 1-26.
Oyewobi, S. S., Hancke, G. P., Abu-Mahfouz, A. M., & Onumanyi, A. J. (2019), An Effective Spectrum Handoff Based on Reinforcement Learning for Target Channel Selection in the Industrial Internet of Things. Sensors (Basel), 19(6), 1-21.
Ozdemir, V. (2019), The Big Picture on the "AI Turn" for Digital Health: The Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems. OMICS, 23(6), 308-311.
Qasem, Z. A., Esmaiel, H., Sun, H., Wang, J., Miao, Y., & Anwar, S. (2019), Enhanced Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation for the Internet of Underwater Things. Sensors, 19(7), 1519.
Qu, Y., Ming, X., Qiu, S., Zheng, M., & Hou, Z. (2019), An Integrative Framework for Online Prognostic and Health Management Using Internet of Things and Convolutional Neural Network. Sensors (Basel), 19(10), 1-14.
Rezaei, Mohsen and Vosoughi, Alireza. (2017), The Role of Knowledge Base Companies and Science and Technology Parks in Realizing Resistance Economics. Management and Accounting Studies, 5 (2), 93-100, (in persian).
Rostami, Hossein and Vazifadost, Hossein. (2019), Determining the Relationship between Open Innovation and Strategy Innovation and Gaining Competitive Advantage in Knowledge-Based Companies in Mazandaran Province. New Research Approaches in Management Sciences, 5 (1), 41-60, (in persian).
Samadi Miarklaei, Hossein, Aghajani, Hassan Ali and Samadi Miarkalai, Hamzeh. (2014), Evaluation of Entrepreneurial University Indicators in Mazandaran University based on fuzzy method. Entrepreneurship Development, 24, 369-388, (in Persian).
Santoro, Gabriele, Vrontis, Demetris, Thrassou, Alkis, & Dezi, Luca. (2017), The internet of things: building a knowledge management system for open innovation and knowledge management capacity. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136, 347-354.
Shi, W., Guo, Y., & Liu, Y.(2019), When Flexible Organic Field-Effect Transistors Meet Biomimetics: A Prospective View of the Internet of Things. Adv Mater, 32(15).
Shi, X., An, X., Zhao, Q., Liu, H., Xia, L., Sun, X., & Guo, Y.(2019), State-of-the-Art Internet of Things in Protected Agriculture. Sensors (Basel), 19(8), 1-24.
Suresh, A., Udendhran, R., Balamurgan, M., & Varatharajan, R. (2019), A Novel Internet of Things Framework Integrated with Real Time Monitoring for Intelligent Healthcare Environment. J Med Syst, 43(6), 165.
Tabatabaian, Sayyid Habibullah, Manteghi, Manouchehr, Hanafizadeh, Payam, Naghizadeh, Mohammad and Niroumand, Pourandokht. (2012), Model for Improving Technological Capacity in Scientific Enterprises Providing Electronic Police Equipment Based on Dynamic Capability Model. Law Management Studies, 22 (7), 159-177, (in Persian).
Tan, A., Peng, Y., Su, X., Tong, H., & Deng, Q. (2019), A Novel Synchronization Scheme Based on a Dynamic Superframe for an Industrial Internet of Things in Underground Mining. Sensors (Basel), 19(3), 1-22.
Tavakoli, Masoud, Razghi Shirsavar, Hadi and Nasiripour, Amir Ashkan. (2016), The Impact of Using Internet of Things on Organizational Performance in the Health Sector (Case Study: Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Tehran). Health Management, 29 (8), 45-62, (in persian).
Vahdat, David, Shams, Fereydoon and Nazemi, Islam. (2018), Providing a Method for Virtualizing Objects in a Supply Chain-Based Architecture of Temporary Device-dependent Services in the Object-Based Internet Environment (Case Study: Bus Ticket Usage). Supply Chain Management Quarterly, 57, (in persian).
Yousefipoor Jedi, Khadijeh and Haghshenas, Maryam. (2016), Convergence of cyberspace and real world with Internet of Things technology. Media Management, 26, 35-54, (in Persian).
Zaki, Mohammad Ali. (2016), Internet and Identity in Iran (Secondary Analysis of Quantitative Research Available during 2003-2004). Critique of Information and Communication, 12 (3), 185-206, (in Persian).
Zargar, Mohammad. (2019), Evaluation of the use of the Internet of Things in Iranian libraries. Information Processing and Management Quarterly, 34 (3), (in persian).
_||_Ahmadi Jashghani, Abdollah and Esmaeelian, Gholamreza. (2016), Evaluation of Prioritization of Factors Affecting Improvement of Strategy Development of Small and Medium-Sized Knowledge Based Companies Using ANP Model; Case Study: Companies Based in Isfahan Scientific and Research Town Management Tomorrow, 43 (13), 113-120,.(in persian).
Arman, mani and Shafieii, Mahbobeh. (2018), Competitive Capabilities in Knowledge Firms A Model for Explaining the Role of Strategic Agility and Strategic Learning. Management Studies, Improvement and Transformation, 83 (25), 25-50, (in persian).
Amini, Mohammad Taqi, Mir Mohammadi, Seyed Mohammad and Qasea, Hassan. (2015), Investigating the role of small and medium knowledge-based companies in the field of knowledge and technology production on reducing the effects of high-tech electronic products sanctions against Iran. Socio-Cultural Strategy, 14 (4), 7-28, (in persian).
Azar, Adil, Sadeghi, Arash and Nationaaj, Asadollah. (2012), rioritizing Effective Factors on the Success of Small and Medium Sized Businesses - Superior Technology - Fuzzy Network Analysis Process Approach. Entrepreneurship Development. journal of Entrepreneurship Development; 5(2): 165-184, (in Persian).
Bazargani, Hossein and Fathi, Mohammad Reza.(2018), Designing a strategy map using the concept of strategy house and fuzzy cypress in a knowledge based company. Strategic Management Research, 65 (23), 103-129, (in persian).
Danshfard, karamallah. (2016), Analyzing the Factors Affecting the Knowledge Base Establishment Strategy and Providing a Proper Model. Strategic Management Research, 61 (22), 29-53, (in persian).
Ghasemi, Roohollah, Mohagher, Ali, Safari, Hosein, Akbari Jokar, Mohammad Reza.(2016), Prioritization of Internet Technology Objects in Iran's Healthcare Sector: An Stimulus for Sustainable Development. Journal of Information Technology Management. 1(8): 155-176, (in persian).
Hendriks, Steven.( 2016), The Internet of Things: How the world will be connected in 2025. (Master), Utrecht University.
Hooman, Heidar ali. (2011). ASnalysis of multivariate data in behavioral research. Tehran: Peyk farhang, (in persian).
Jalalpour, Sadigheh, Talebi, Kabmiz, tabibi, Seyed jamaledin.(2016), Performance improvement of Iranian knowledge based firm: Identify effective factors in policies and executive programs Entrepreneurship Development Journal . 2(9): 199-217,(in persian).
khaiateyan , Mohammad, Sadegh, Eliasi, Mahdi and Tabatabaeian, Sayyid Habibollah.( 2016), Sustainability Pattern of Knowledge-Based Companies in Iran. Science and Technology Policy, 30 (8), 49-62,(in persian).
khedmatgozar, Hamid Reza.(2015), The Role of the Internet of Things in Knowledge Management Systems (Case Study: Performance Management of Yazd Municipality Employees). Information Technology Management, 24 (7), 553-572, (in persian).
Karimova, Gulnara Z. (2015), Society of things: An alternative vision of Internet of things. Cogent Social Sciences, 1(1), 1-7.
Li, Dong-Ying, Xie, Shun-Dao, Chen, Rong-Jun, & Tan, Hong-Zhou.(2016), Design of Internet of Things System for Library Materials Management using UHF RFID. Paper presented at the RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA), 2016 IEEE International Conference on.
Mansouri, Somayyah, vazifa, Zahra, and Youssefitabas, Halimah. (2018), Prioritizing Proponents of Factors Affecting the Development of Knowledge-Based Companies in Kerman Province. Entrepreneurship Development, 36 (10), 319-338, (in persian).
Nespoli, P., Useche Pelaez, D., Diaz Lopez, D., & Gomez Marmol, F. (2019), COSMOS: Collaborative, Seamless and Adaptive Sentinel for the Internet of Things. Sensors (Basel), 19(7), 1-29.
Nespoli, P., Zago, M., Huertas Celdran, A., Gil Perez, M., Gomez Marmol, F., & Garcia Clemente, F. J. (2019), PALOT: Profiling and Authenticating Users Leveraging Internet of Things. Sensors (Basel), 19(12), 1-26.
Oyewobi, S. S., Hancke, G. P., Abu-Mahfouz, A. M., & Onumanyi, A. J. (2019), An Effective Spectrum Handoff Based on Reinforcement Learning for Target Channel Selection in the Industrial Internet of Things. Sensors (Basel), 19(6), 1-21.
Ozdemir, V. (2019), The Big Picture on the "AI Turn" for Digital Health: The Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems. OMICS, 23(6), 308-311.
Qasem, Z. A., Esmaiel, H., Sun, H., Wang, J., Miao, Y., & Anwar, S. (2019), Enhanced Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation for the Internet of Underwater Things. Sensors, 19(7), 1519.
Qu, Y., Ming, X., Qiu, S., Zheng, M., & Hou, Z. (2019), An Integrative Framework for Online Prognostic and Health Management Using Internet of Things and Convolutional Neural Network. Sensors (Basel), 19(10), 1-14.
Rezaei, Mohsen and Vosoughi, Alireza. (2017), The Role of Knowledge Base Companies and Science and Technology Parks in Realizing Resistance Economics. Management and Accounting Studies, 5 (2), 93-100, (in persian).
Rostami, Hossein and Vazifadost, Hossein. (2019), Determining the Relationship between Open Innovation and Strategy Innovation and Gaining Competitive Advantage in Knowledge-Based Companies in Mazandaran Province. New Research Approaches in Management Sciences, 5 (1), 41-60, (in persian).
Samadi Miarklaei, Hossein, Aghajani, Hassan Ali and Samadi Miarkalai, Hamzeh. (2014), Evaluation of Entrepreneurial University Indicators in Mazandaran University based on fuzzy method. Entrepreneurship Development, 24, 369-388, (in Persian).
Santoro, Gabriele, Vrontis, Demetris, Thrassou, Alkis, & Dezi, Luca. (2017), The internet of things: building a knowledge management system for open innovation and knowledge management capacity. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 136, 347-354.
Shi, W., Guo, Y., & Liu, Y.(2019), When Flexible Organic Field-Effect Transistors Meet Biomimetics: A Prospective View of the Internet of Things. Adv Mater, 32(15).
Shi, X., An, X., Zhao, Q., Liu, H., Xia, L., Sun, X., & Guo, Y.(2019), State-of-the-Art Internet of Things in Protected Agriculture. Sensors (Basel), 19(8), 1-24.
Suresh, A., Udendhran, R., Balamurgan, M., & Varatharajan, R. (2019), A Novel Internet of Things Framework Integrated with Real Time Monitoring for Intelligent Healthcare Environment. J Med Syst, 43(6), 165.
Tabatabaian, Sayyid Habibullah, Manteghi, Manouchehr, Hanafizadeh, Payam, Naghizadeh, Mohammad and Niroumand, Pourandokht. (2012), Model for Improving Technological Capacity in Scientific Enterprises Providing Electronic Police Equipment Based on Dynamic Capability Model. Law Management Studies, 22 (7), 159-177, (in Persian).
Tan, A., Peng, Y., Su, X., Tong, H., & Deng, Q. (2019), A Novel Synchronization Scheme Based on a Dynamic Superframe for an Industrial Internet of Things in Underground Mining. Sensors (Basel), 19(3), 1-22.
Tavakoli, Masoud, Razghi Shirsavar, Hadi and Nasiripour, Amir Ashkan. (2016), The Impact of Using Internet of Things on Organizational Performance in the Health Sector (Case Study: Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Tehran). Health Management, 29 (8), 45-62, (in persian).
Vahdat, David, Shams, Fereydoon and Nazemi, Islam. (2018), Providing a Method for Virtualizing Objects in a Supply Chain-Based Architecture of Temporary Device-dependent Services in the Object-Based Internet Environment (Case Study: Bus Ticket Usage). Supply Chain Management Quarterly, 57, (in persian).
Yousefipoor Jedi, Khadijeh and Haghshenas, Maryam. (2016), Convergence of cyberspace and real world with Internet of Things technology. Media Management, 26, 35-54, (in Persian).
Zaki, Mohammad Ali. (2016), Internet and Identity in Iran (Secondary Analysis of Quantitative Research Available during 2003-2004). Critique of Information and Communication, 12 (3), 185-206, (in Persian).
Zargar, Mohammad. (2019), Evaluation of the use of the Internet of Things in Iranian libraries. Information Processing and Management Quarterly, 34 (3), (in persian).
