طراحی و ارائه الگو جهت سنجش تاثیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر ابعاد توسعه پایدار
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
سید رضا صالحی امیری
1
(عضو هیأت علمی (استادیار)گروه مدیریت واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
محسن قدمی
2
(عضو هیأت علمی (استادیار) واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران، ایران)
یوسف بیگ زاده
3
(دانش آموخته مقطع دکترای تخصصی گروه مدیریت واحد علوم وتحقیقات تهران ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: سرمایه اجتماعی, توسعه پایدار, پایداری زیست محیطی, پایداری سیاسی, پایداری اجتماعی,
چکیده مقاله :
در دو دهه اخیر مفهوم سرمایه اجتماعی در سطوح و اشکال متفاوت خود به عنوان یکی از جالب توجه ترین مفاهیم اجتماعی توجه صاحب نظران و پژوهشگران را با چارچوپ های تحلیلی خاصی به خود جلب کرده است و از طرفی بعد از ناکارآمدی الگوی تک بعدی توسعه در پنجاه سال اخیر، توسعه پایدار از جمله مباحث مورد توجه دولت ها، ملت، مجامع بین المللی بوده است از آنجائیکه سرمایه اجتماعی به واسطه ارتباطش با سایر مؤلفه های بنیادین اجتماعی نظیر، نظم، وفاق اجتماعی، تعهد و پیوند اجتماعی، انسجام اجتماعی، امنیت و مشارکت اجتماعی ضروری بنظر رسید که تاثیرش با ابعاد توسعه پایدار بعنوان اولویت مورد توجه کشور در نیل به چشم انداز بیست ساله نظام مقدس جمهوری اسلامی مورد مطالعه قرار گیرد.این پژوهش با هدف پاسخ به سوال اصلی تحقیق یعنی چگونگی طراحی و ارائه الگوی سنجش تاثیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر ابعاد توسعه پایدار براساس مدل توسعه پایدار OECD و با استفاده از شاخصهای کمیته ملی توسعه پایدار ایران، با گرایش توسعه ای و کاربردی انجام شده است.جامعه آماری پژوهش اعضای هیات علمی منطقه 13 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی می باشد که یک نمونه 219 نفری به روش خوشه ای انتخاب و نظر نخبگان به صورت نظری جمع آوری گردید. از آنجائیکه این تحقیق در پی سنجش، جهت تاثیر و نوع آن بوده برای تحلیل یافته ها از روش مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری و تحلیل عاملی تاییدی با استفاده از نرم افزار لیزرل استفاده شده که یافته های تحقیق حکایت از تاثیر مثبت، مستقیم و معنی دار متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر ابعاد متغیر توسعه پایدار به ترتیب 88% بر بعد اقتصادی توسعه پایدار و 71% بربعد اجتماعی و زیست محیطی توسعه پایدار و در نهایت 70% بر بعد سیاسی توسعه پایدار دارد. در نهایت برای نیل به اهداف توسعه پایدار پیشنهاداتی چون فرهنگ سازی برای حفظ محیط زیست، تهیه پیوست فرهنگی، ارتقاء سطح مشارکت عمومی و اعتماد به کاگزاران و سیاست گذاران ارائه گردید.
This research has been conducted in order to provide a pattern for assessing the effect of social capital on the sustainable development dimension. The research orientation of this study is basic and the researchers used induction approach. The objectives of its methodology are exploration of a discipline (first step) and explanation of it (second step). Its data was gathered by a questionnaire and its plan was causal strategy. The statistical population of this study included the academic staff of Islamic Azad University (Region 13). From among them, the researchers selected 219 persons as research sample by cluster sampling method. The results of casual analysis showed that social capital has maximum effect on the economical dimension of sustainable development, it has medium effect on the social dimension and the ecological dimension, and it has minimum effect on the political dimension of sustainable development.
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Rubal, Martino & Voces, Carmen, (2007), Confidence in Institutions and Social Trust”, Spain Santiago.
Simbor, R. (1999). NGOs and Their Influence on the International Community, Monthly Political and Economic Information, (In Persian).
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Azkia, M., & Ghaffari, Gh. (2004). Development of the Rural Area of Iran. Tehran: Rey Puplication, (In Persian).
Amin Mansour, J. (2001). A Phenomenon Called NGOs. Articles of the Office of Political Studies, Ministry of the Interior, (In Persian).
Alwani, M. (2002). NGOs and Development. Management and Development Quarterly, (In Persian).
Batt, Peter J. (2008), Building Social Capital in Network” Industrial Marketing Management 37, Available online 15 May 2008.
Coleman, J. Hoffer, T. and Kilgore, S. (1982), High School Achievement: Public, Catholic and Private Schools Compared, Basic Books, New York.
Farhadi, M. (1983). Cultural Studies in Iran. Tehran: Academic Publishing Center, (In Persian).
Fukuyama, F. (2000). Full-time. Translated by: Golamabbas Tavassoli, Tehran: Shabek Publication, (In Persian).
Fukuyama, F. (2001), Social Capital, Civil Society and Development’ the Third World Quaterly, 22, 7-20.
Golshan P., & Mohammad, R. (2001). Obstacles and Problems Faced by Non-Governmental Organizations. Proceedings of the Office of Political Studies, (In Persian).
Hedriksen, L.B and McCurdy, A.H. (2002), Access to Health Care and Community Social Capital’, Health Service Research, 37, 1, 87-103.
Hibbit, K., Jones, P., and Meegan, R. (2001), Tackling Social Exclusion, European Planning Studies, 9,141-161.
Kazemipur, Abdolmohammad, (2006), Social Trust”, Ethnic Diversity, and Immigrants: Canada, University Alberta Publication.
Hyppa, M. and Maki, J. (2001), an area for Capital Research’, Health Promotion International, 16, 1, 55-64.
Kavoosi, I. (2006). Social Capital Measuring Model Design. PhD Thesis, Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, (In Persian).
Kawachi, I. (1997a), Long Live Community: Social capital as Public Health’, The American prospect, 35, 56-59.
Kolman, J. (2002). Social Studies Foundation. Translated by: Manouchehr Saboori, Tehran: Rey Puplication, (In Persian).
Mohsen Tabrizi, A. (2001). Investigating the Provincial Participation Areas and its Relationship with Agricultural Promotion, (In Persian).
Narayan, D. and Pritchett, L. (1999), Social Capital: Evidence and Implication, World Bank, Washington.
OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and development) (2001 a), investing in Competencies for All: Meeting of the OECD Education Ministers, Paris, 3-4 April 2001, OECD, and Paris.
OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and development) (2001 b), The Well-being of Nations: the role of human and social capital, OECD, Paris.
Papanis, Efstratios & Roumeliotu, Myrsine, (2007), can Social Trust and Participation is Reinforced Throuth Education? Empirical Data from Greese”, Journal of Education and Human Development, Vol. 1, Issue 2.
Patnam, R. (2002). Democracy and Civil Traditions, Tehran Translated by Mohammad Taghi Delfrooz, Tehran, Salam Khajehpour Khoyi, Bijan Publications, Social Capital as an Economic Productivity Facility. Seminar on Social Capital and Civil Society in Iran, (In Persian).
Putnam, R. D. (2000), Bowling Alone: the Collapse and Revival of American Community, Simmon and Schuster, New York.
Rahmani, M. (2008). Measuring and Comparing Social Capital. Tehran: Islamic Azad University Press, (In Persian).
Rubal, Martino & Voces, Carmen, (2007), Confidence in Institutions and Social Trust”, Spain Santiago.
Simbor, R. (1999). NGOs and Their Influence on the International Community, Monthly Political and Economic Information, (In Persian).
Soltani Arabshahi, S. (2004). Development Management. Tehran: Ostadi Publishing, (In Persian).
Stanton-salazar, R. and Dornbusch, S. (1995), Social Capital and the Reproduction of Inequality, Sociology of Education, 68, 2, 116-135.
Torgler, Benno, (2008), “Trust in International Organization”, Australia, University of Technology.
Whiteley, P, F. (2000), Economic Growth and Social Capital’, Political Studies, 48, 3, 443-466.
Wilkinson, r. (1996), Unhealthy Socities: the Afflications of Inequality, Routledge, London.
Woolcock, M. (2001), the Place of Social Capital in Understanding Social and Economic Outcomes’, Isuma: Canada Journal of Policy Research, 2, 1-17.
Zahedi, Sh. A. (2010). Sustainable Development. Tehran: Samt Publication, (In Persian).
