سنجش فرهنگ دانایی - مطالعه موردی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
فرج اله رهنورد
1
(استادیار مؤسسه عالی آموزش و پژوهش مدیریت و برنامه ریزی)
کلید واژه: مدیریت دانش, خلق دانش, فرهنگ دانایی, تسهیم دانش, و کاربرد دانش,
چکیده مقاله :
در دنیایی که به سرعت و به طور مستمر در حال تغییر است، الزامی است که سازمان ها نرخ بازگشت کلیه دارایی‌های خود را به حداکثر برسانند. یکی از دارایی های کمتر بکارگرفته شده دانش است که در افراد و گروههای سازمانی نهفته است. می توان سازمانی را خلق کرد که سیستم ها، ساختار، و فرهنگ مناسبی را برای باروری دانش داشته باشد و این همان چیزی است که مدیریت دانش در پی آن است. تشریح مفهوم مدیریت دانش و شناخت ابعاد آن، این فکر را القاء می کند که باید با رویکرد کلی در پی ایجاد سازمان دانشگر بود. در این مقاله یکی از ابعاد سازمان دانشگر یعنی فرهنگ دانایی و چگونگی سنجش آن واکاوی شده است. فرهنگ دانایی بیان کننده ارزشها و باورهایی است که فعالیتهای مدیریت دانش را در یک سازمان ایجاد، تسیهل و تشویق می‌کنند. یافته های پژوهش با استفاده از ابزار سنجش فرهنگ دانایی در سه موسسه آموزش عالی مورد مطالعه گویای آن است که باورها و ارزش های مشترک با محوریت دانش در حد متوسط حضور دارند. هرچند سطح فرهنگ دانایی در سه موسسه یکسان نیست، اما همگی آنها باتوجه به مولفه های سنجش فرهنگ دانایی از سطح پایینی از انگیزش، آزادی عمل افراد، تعاملات اجتماعی، اعتماد سازی، حمایت مدیریت ارشد، تعهد و مانند اینها برخودارند. بنابراین، لازم است سازوکارهای مناسب در جهت بالندگی فرهنگ دانایی در چنین موسسه هایی برداشته شود.
In a rapidly changing world, it is necessary for organizations to maximize their return of assets. One of the less applied assets is knowledge which is inherent in people and organizational groups. It is possible to create an organization which has systems, structure, and suitable culture for enhancing knowledge. This is what knowledge management is about to access. This article is about to analyze knowledge culture and the way of measuring such a culture in a knowledge organization. Knowledge culture addresses values and beliefs that facilitate knowledge management activities in an organization. The findings of this research in three higher education institutes indicate that knowledge culture exists at a moderate level. Although knowledge culture is different in the three institutes, the dimensions of knowledge culture are deteriorating in all of them. Hence, it is necessary to adopt an appropriate mechanism to develop knowledge culture in these organizations.
Bhatt, G. D. (2000). Information dynamics, learning and knowledge creation in organizations. The Learning Organization, 7(2), 89-98.
Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2005). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Base on the Competing Values Framework. Jossey-Bass.
Chang, J., Choi, B., & Lee, H. (2004). An Orhanizational Memory for Facilitating Knowledge: An application to E-Business Architecture. Expert System with Application, 26, 203-215.
Connelly, C. E., & Kelloway, E. K. (2003). Predictors of Employees’ Perceptions of Knowledge Sharing Culture. Leadership and Organizational development Journal, 24(4), 294-301.
Daft, R. (2006). Organization Theory and Design. OH: South-Western College Publishingg.
Davenport, T., & Prusak, L. (1998). Working Knowledge: How organizations Manage What They Know. Harvard Business School Press.
DeLong, D., & Fahey, L. (2000). Diagnising Cultural Barriers to Knowledge Management, Academy of Management. Executive, 14(4), 113-127.
Ellis, M. S., & Rumizen, M. (2002). The evolution of KM at Buckman Laboratories: How Its KM Program Has Developed with the New Leadership. Knowledge Management Review, 5(1), 12-15.
Ellis, S. (2005). Knowledge-based Working: Intelligent Operating for the Knowledge Age. Chandos Publishing.
Hauschild, S., Licht, T., & Stein,W. (2001). Creating a knowledge culture. McKinsey Quarterly, 4, 6-23.
Hunt, D. P. (2003). The Concept of Knowledge and How to measure It. Journal of Intellectuial Capital, 4(1), 100-113.
Iftikhar, Z., Eriksson, I. E., Gary W., & Dickson, G.W. (2003). Developing an Instrument for Knowledge Management Project Evaluation. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 1(1), 55-62.
Jones, E., Chonko, L. B., & Roberts, J. A. (2003). Creating a partnership-oriented, knowledge creation culture in strategic sales alliances: a conceptual framework. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 18(4/5), 336-352.
Liebowitz, J., & Suen, C. Y. (2000). Developing Knowledge Management: Metrics for Measuring Intellectual Capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 54-67.
Malhotra, Y., & Galletta, D. F. (2003). Role of commitment and motivation in knowledge management systems implementation: theory, conceptualization, and measurement of antecedents of success. The Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences.
McDermott, R. (1999). Why information technology inspired but cannot deliver knowledge management. California Management Review, 41, 103-117.
McDermott, R., & O’Dell, C. (2001). Overcoming cultural barriers to sharing knowledge. Journal of Knowledge Management, 5(1), 76-85.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resources Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
Nonaka, I. (1994). A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organization Sciences, 5, 14-37.
Pemberton, J. D., & Stonehouse, G. H. (2000). Organisational learning and knowledge assets-an essential partnership. The Learning Organization, 7(4), 184-93.
Perez Lopez, S. (2004). Managing Knowledge: The Link Between Culture and Organizational learning. Journal of Knowledge management, 8(6), 93-104.
Ruggles, R. (1998). the state of the notion: knowledge management in practice'. California Management Review, 1(3), 80-9.
Sabri, H. (2005). Knowledge Management in its Context: Adapting Structure to a knowledge Creating Culture. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 15(2), 113-28.
Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. Jossey-Bass Publication.
Sheng, X., & Sun, L. (2007). Developing knowledge innovation culture of libraries. Library Management, 28, 36-52.
Sveiby, K. E., & Simons, R. (2002). Collaborative climate and effectiveness of knowledge work–an empirical study. Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(5), 420-33.
Van Den Hoof, B., & De Ridder, J. A. (2004). Knowledge Sharing in Context: The Influence of Organizational Commitment, Communication Climate and CMC Use on Knowledge Sharing. Journal of Knowledge Management, 8(6), 117-130.
Walczak, S. (2005). Organizational Knowledge Management Structure. The Learning Organization, 12(4), 330-339.
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Bhatt, G. D. (2000). Information dynamics, learning and knowledge creation in organizations. The Learning Organization, 7(2), 89-98.
Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2005). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Base on the Competing Values Framework. Jossey-Bass.
Chang, J., Choi, B., & Lee, H. (2004). An Orhanizational Memory for Facilitating Knowledge: An application to E-Business Architecture. Expert System with Application, 26, 203-215.
Connelly, C. E., & Kelloway, E. K. (2003). Predictors of Employees’ Perceptions of Knowledge Sharing Culture. Leadership and Organizational development Journal, 24(4), 294-301.
Daft, R. (2006). Organization Theory and Design. OH: South-Western College Publishingg.
Davenport, T., & Prusak, L. (1998). Working Knowledge: How organizations Manage What They Know. Harvard Business School Press.
DeLong, D., & Fahey, L. (2000). Diagnising Cultural Barriers to Knowledge Management, Academy of Management. Executive, 14(4), 113-127.
Ellis, M. S., & Rumizen, M. (2002). The evolution of KM at Buckman Laboratories: How Its KM Program Has Developed with the New Leadership. Knowledge Management Review, 5(1), 12-15.
Ellis, S. (2005). Knowledge-based Working: Intelligent Operating for the Knowledge Age. Chandos Publishing.
Hauschild, S., Licht, T., & Stein,W. (2001). Creating a knowledge culture. McKinsey Quarterly, 4, 6-23.
Hunt, D. P. (2003). The Concept of Knowledge and How to measure It. Journal of Intellectuial Capital, 4(1), 100-113.
Iftikhar, Z., Eriksson, I. E., Gary W., & Dickson, G.W. (2003). Developing an Instrument for Knowledge Management Project Evaluation. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, 1(1), 55-62.
Jones, E., Chonko, L. B., & Roberts, J. A. (2003). Creating a partnership-oriented, knowledge creation culture in strategic sales alliances: a conceptual framework. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 18(4/5), 336-352.
Liebowitz, J., & Suen, C. Y. (2000). Developing Knowledge Management: Metrics for Measuring Intellectual Capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 54-67.
Malhotra, Y., & Galletta, D. F. (2003). Role of commitment and motivation in knowledge management systems implementation: theory, conceptualization, and measurement of antecedents of success. The Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences.
McDermott, R. (1999). Why information technology inspired but cannot deliver knowledge management. California Management Review, 41, 103-117.
McDermott, R., & O’Dell, C. (2001). Overcoming cultural barriers to sharing knowledge. Journal of Knowledge Management, 5(1), 76-85.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resources Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
Nonaka, I. (1994). A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organization Sciences, 5, 14-37.
Pemberton, J. D., & Stonehouse, G. H. (2000). Organisational learning and knowledge assets-an essential partnership. The Learning Organization, 7(4), 184-93.
Perez Lopez, S. (2004). Managing Knowledge: The Link Between Culture and Organizational learning. Journal of Knowledge management, 8(6), 93-104.
Ruggles, R. (1998). the state of the notion: knowledge management in practice'. California Management Review, 1(3), 80-9.
Sabri, H. (2005). Knowledge Management in its Context: Adapting Structure to a knowledge Creating Culture. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 15(2), 113-28.
Schein, E. H. (2004). Organizational Culture and Leadership. Jossey-Bass Publication.
Sheng, X., & Sun, L. (2007). Developing knowledge innovation culture of libraries. Library Management, 28, 36-52.
Sveiby, K. E., & Simons, R. (2002). Collaborative climate and effectiveness of knowledge work–an empirical study. Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(5), 420-33.
Van Den Hoof, B., & De Ridder, J. A. (2004). Knowledge Sharing in Context: The Influence of Organizational Commitment, Communication Climate and CMC Use on Knowledge Sharing. Journal of Knowledge Management, 8(6), 117-130.
Walczak, S. (2005). Organizational Knowledge Management Structure. The Learning Organization, 12(4), 330-339.
