اندازه‌گیری و سهم ساقاب تولیدی درتک درختان بلندمازو و پلت درناحیه رویشی جنگل‌های هیرکانی
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداریسیوان نیکخواه 1 , سید محسن حسینی 2 , عبدالواحد خالدی درویشان 3 , امید فتحی زاده 4
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
2 - استاد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
کلید واژه: بلندمازو, پلت, ساقاب, ضریب زبری پوست,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف برآورد میزان ساقاب تک درختان بلندمازو Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M)) و پلت (Acer velutinum Boiss) طی دوره قبل خزان و خزان در دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس شهرستان نور مازندران انجام شد. ساقاب با استفاده از جمع‌آوری کننده‌های مارپیچی که در ارتفاع برابر سینه درختان نمونه ساقاب نصب شده بود جمع‌آوری و مقدار بارندگی کل نیز با استفاده از 5 جمع‌آوری‌کننده باران در نزدیک‌ترین فضای باز نسبت به درختان اندازه‌گیری شد. اندازه‌گیری بارندگی و ساق‌آب در 4 بارندگی دوره قبل خزان مجموع 114 میلی‌متر و 7 بارندگی دوره خزان مجموع 119 میلی‌متر انجام شد. متوسط ساقاب درختان بلندمازو و پلت به‌ترتیب 62/0 و 7/5 درصد بارندگی کل دوره قبل خزان و 64/0 و 65/7 درصد بارندگی کل دوره خزان بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد طی دوره مطالعه، بین ساقاب و مقدار بارندگی کل رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود داشت. همچنین بر طبق نتایج پژوهش حاضر رابطه بین نسبت ساقاب به بارندگی کل گونه بلندمازو دوره خزان (85/0=2R) قوی‌تر از دوره قبل خزان (35/0=2R) بود حال آن‌که گونه پلت تقریباً در هر دو دوره قبل خزان (92/0=2R) و خزان (67/0=2R) رابطه نسبتاً قوی بین نسبت ساقاب به بارندگی مشاهده شد. به‌طور کلی بر طبق نتایج پژوهش حاضر گونه بلندمازو به‌دلیل داشتن پوست شیاردار و زبر ، سهم ساقاب از بارندگی به‌طور متوسط 9 برابر بیش‌تر از گونه پلت بود. این مطالعه نشان داد که پلت ساقاب بیشتری نسبت به بلندمازو تولید می‌کند و دلیل آن پوست صاف پلت و وجود ظرفیت نگهداری آب پوست کم پلت است.
In this paper amounts of stemflow for the Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M and Acer velutinum Boiss trees were investigated during the leafy and leafless period in the campus of the faculty of Natural Resources of Tarbiat Modares University, in Mazandaran province Noor city. Stemflow was collected by spiral pipes installed at the breast height and amount of total rainfall was measured using 5 rainfall collectors at the nearest open space. Measurement of rainfall and steamflow for 4 times at leafy period with total of 114 mm and for 7 times at leafless period with total of 119 mm performed. Average amount of stemflow for the Oak and maple trees were 0.64 and 5.7 percent of total rainfall respectively for the leafy period and for the leafless period 0.62 and 7.65 percent of total rainfall measured. The results showed that in both periods and both species, there was a significant positive correlation between the stemflow and the amount of rainfall. Also, according to the results of this study relationship between stemflow over rainfall for the:Oak in leafless period (R2=0.85) is stronger than leafy period (R2=0.35), whereas for the maple both period of leafless (R2=0.67) and leafy (R2=0.92) period relatively strong relationship between the rainfall over stemflow observed. Generally, according to this paper for the:Oak, due to the grooved and rough skin, stemflow share of rainfall averagely 9 times more than maple obtained. Although the study indicated that maple is more than that of oak produced Stemflow because was found to be highly correlated with higher bark water storage capacity as well as higher bark roughness of the oak trees.
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