برنامه ریزی توسعه پایدار گردشگری شهر ساحلی نور با تاکید بر مدیریت بهینه شهری
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداریاسدالله دیوسالار 1 , میثم توکلی 2 , امیرحسین خادمی 3
1 - دانشیار دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه پیام نور مازندران
2 - کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری-دانشگاه آزاد نور
3 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
کلید واژه: گردشگری, مدیریت شهری, توسعه پایدار گردشگری, شهر نور,
چکیده مقاله :
در جوامع پیچیده امروزی گردشگری شهری، جهت نیل به تعادلی پایدار میان نیازهای جوامع محلی، حفظ محیط زیست و ارتقاء سطح کیفیت زندگی، نیازمند شکل گیری یک نظام مدیریتی قوی شهری با نگرش سیستمی و با تأکید بر توسعه پایدار شهری می باشد. بر این اساس، این تحقیق نقش مدیریت شهری در توسعه گردشگری پایدار شهر نور را بعنوان یکی از قطب های گردشگری ساحلی در استان مازندران مورد بررسی قرار داده است. هدف از این تحقیق شناخت ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و اکولوژی گردشگری شهری در راستای زمینه سازی جهت برنامه ریزی و مدیریت پایدار گردشگری شهر ساحلی نور و تعیین و ارائۀ راهکارهای عملی برای توسعۀ گردشگری شهر مذکور و به طور کلی "ایجاد توسعۀ پایدار شهرهای ساحلی حسب گردشگری" برای سایر شهرهای ساحلی کشور می باشد. این تحقیق از نوع توصیفی - تحلیلی و در آن گردآوری داده ها بر پایه پرسشنامه هایی می باشد که جامعه آماری آن شامل256 نفر از شهروندان و تمامی جامعه مدیران شهری به تعداد 50 نفر بوده است. برای تعیین حجم نمونه از جدول کرجسی و مورگان استفاده و انتخاب ها به شیوه تصادفی ساده بوده و جهت تحلیل آمار گردآوری شده از نرم افزارSPSS و از روش های آماری از قبیل آزمون T تک نمونه ای استفاده گردیده است. نتایج حاصل از آزمون T تک نمونه ای نشان داده است که از نگاه پاسخگویان، وضعیت موجود شاخص های اقتصادی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی و زیست محیطی گردشگری در شهر نور نامطلوب بوده و در راستای توسعه گردشگری پایدار نمی باشد. همچنین نتایج حاصل در بررسی عملکرد مدیریت شهری نور نیز نشان از ضعف عملکرد مدیران شهری در توسعه گردشگری پایدار این شهر داشته است.
Tourism city, for a sustainable balance between the needs of local communities, protecting the environment and improving the quality of life and gain experience in tourism and sustainable tourism to form a strong management system for urban needs; productivity management should advantage in tourism in the region with a view of a system in which the supply and demand dynamics in the context of sustainable development, with emphasis on mind is formed. Accordingly, the present study the role of urban management, sustainable tourism development, explored the coastal city of light 5 For this purpose, a questionnaire researchers made a variety of formats Likert options were evaluated. The population study of all citizens and all directors, officers and experts are involved in tourism in the City of Lights composed. The population sample of citizens, using Morgan random sampling method, the number of 265 Person Was selected, but limited due to the small population city managers data, was requirements through all the numbers.(50 Person). The reliability of the questionnaire, using Cronbach's alpha equal to 0/86 respectively. And its validity was evaluated by the teachers and academic experts. analyze and describe two methods to analyze data collected from consists of two parts:was descriptive statistics (frequency, relative percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics(A single-sample t test). The results of the t test One sample showed that respondents view status indicators, economic, social, cultural and environmental sustainability of tourism in the City of Lights unsuitable and Tourism development is not sustainable. The results of one-sample t-test showed that the performance of urban management, urban management, sustainable tourism development in the light indicated. Finally, based on the findings of research proposals towards a more prominent role in urban management and sustainable development of tourism in the coastal city of light was presented.
- Comprehensive plan and Detailed City of Nour, 2000, Housing and Urban Development Mazandaran province, Consulting engineers Mohit E Paydar.(In Persian).
- Department of the Environment 1991, Tourism and The Environment: Maintaining the Balance, London: HMSO.
- Elliott, J. 1977, Tourism, politics and public Sector Management, London: Routledge. Environmental sustainability&18-Furtado, J. I. 2000, Economic development.
- Fenel,D. 2006, The introduction in nature, Translator: doctor J. Oladi, Mazandaran University Press, Mazandaran.
- General Census of Population and Housing.((1985),(1995),(2005),(2010), Statistical Center of Iran.(In Persian).
- Ghadami,M,Aghili,N. 2012, Assessment of Tourism Development in Tameshkol district Journal of Geographical Research, Vol: 27; N: 104.p.35-50.(In Persian).
- Ghafari,R. 2007, Tourism and Sustainable Urban Development, Journal of sphere, Vol: 16; N: 62.p.45-63.
- Ghasemi,N. 2010, Introduction to Anthropology of Tourism in the region of Nour with the approach of eco tourism, Conference: Strategies for Regional Development of the Nour city in 1404.(In Persian).
- Heidari,R,2008, Principles of tourism planning. SAMT pub,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Hosseini,S,2010, Capacity and bottlenecks in the sustainable development of the Nour city, Conference: Strategies for Regional Development of the Nour city,p237.(In Persian).
- Howes,H, 2000: Sastainability development comes of age: the tames environment 21 Experience, in: Katie William, Elizabeth Burton and mike jenks,(Eds) Achieving sustainabile urban form, London and newyork,.
- Jamieson,Walter and Pawinee Sunalai,2002, The Management of urban tourism destin:the cases of Klong Khwang and Phimai,Thailand,UMP-Asia Occasional Paper No.56.
- Kamyar,Gh.2006, Civil rights, Majd Pub, Tehran. .(In Persian).
- Kazemi,M.2010, Tourism management, SAMT pub, Fourth Edition,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Lee,J.(999, Tourism and development in the Third World, Translator: Eftekhari and Amin Salehi,Bazarghani pub,Tehran.
- -Lotfi,S,2007, Evaluation of urban tourism development in interaction with ecotourism, Journal of Geographical Thought, Vol:1; N: 1.p.10-26. .(In Persian).
- Mc. Gill, R. 1998, urban management in developing countries, cities, vol 15, No. 6
- Michael ,k, Jenkins,J,1999, Tourism policy, Translator: Arabi, and Ezadi, Paghoheshha E Farhanghi pub,Tehran.
- Mowforth, M. and Munt, 2003: Tourism and Sustainability: Devwlopment and new tourism in the third wordm, Routledge.
- Pacione M, 2007.Sastainable urban development in the Uk : Rhetoric orreality, Geography, volume 92(3).
- Papoliyazdi,M.Saghai,M. 2009, Tourism , SAMT pub ,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Rahmani,V, 2006, Provide a model for planning in rural tourism shore city of Nour, Master's Thesis in Geography, Islamic Azad University of Rasht.(In Persian).
- Ranjbaran,B,Zahedi,M, 2001, World Tourism Organization and National and regional tourism planning, Jahad E Daneshghahi Press,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Ranjbaran,B,Zahedi,M, 2011, Understanding Tourism, Chaharbagh Press, Eighth Edition.p173-193,Esfahan.(In Persian).
- Retz, T. 1996,”Sustahnable Tourism Development in Evo,Finland”Paper peresentedin The Nature XPO 96 International Conferece , Budepest, Hungry , August.
- -Rodolfo, B, 2007. The web Graph of a tourism system. , Publisher: Physica A 379,727-734.
- -Rogerson, K.A. , 2004: Downtown redevelopment astrategies in the united Stats: AN end – of – the- century assessment ,249-257.
- Saiedinia,A, 2000, Urban Management, IMO pub, Vol: XI,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Saiedinia,A, 2003, ketabesabz book, Volume of urban management, IMO pub. .(In Persian).
- Satarri,H. Zabihi,H, 2009, Introduction to the concept of urban management Prophet Muhammad in Medina expression beautiful city management in the Islamic City, Faraso E Modiriat magazine, Vol: 3; N: 10.p.35-50.(In Persian).
- Sharpi,R, 2001, Rural tourism, Translation: Monshizadeh and Nasiri, SAMT pub,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Shie,A. 2003, Necessary transformation of urban management in Iran, N: spring and summer ,p:37-62
- Shojae,M,Nouri,N. 2001, Review government policies on tourism and sustainable development model for tourism industry of Iran. Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol: 20; N: 78.p.63-90. .(In Persian).
- Statistical Yearbook of Mazandaran province,(2000),(2005),(2010). .(In Persian).
- Taghvai,M. Safarabadi,A. 2011, Review of the role of urban management in achieving sustainable development of urban tourism, A case study:Kermanshah city, of Arid Regions Geoghraphic Studies, Vol: 6; N: 22.p.25-40.
- Weaver,D.& M.Opper, 2000:Tourism Management,John Wiley and Sons Australia.
- Comprehensive plan and Detailed City of Nour, 2000, Housing and Urban Development Mazandaran province, Consulting engineers Mohit E Paydar.(In Persian).
- Department of the Environment 1991, Tourism and The Environment: Maintaining the Balance, London: HMSO.
- Elliott, J. 1977, Tourism, politics and public Sector Management, London: Routledge. Environmental sustainability&18-Furtado, J. I. 2000, Economic development.
- Fenel,D. 2006, The introduction in nature, Translator: doctor J. Oladi, Mazandaran University Press, Mazandaran.
- General Census of Population and Housing.((1985),(1995),(2005),(2010), Statistical Center of Iran.(In Persian).
- Ghadami,M,Aghili,N. 2012, Assessment of Tourism Development in Tameshkol district Journal of Geographical Research, Vol: 27; N: 104.p.35-50.(In Persian).
- Ghafari,R. 2007, Tourism and Sustainable Urban Development, Journal of sphere, Vol: 16; N: 62.p.45-63.
- Ghasemi,N. 2010, Introduction to Anthropology of Tourism in the region of Nour with the approach of eco tourism, Conference: Strategies for Regional Development of the Nour city in 1404.(In Persian).
- Heidari,R,2008, Principles of tourism planning. SAMT pub,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Hosseini,S,2010, Capacity and bottlenecks in the sustainable development of the Nour city, Conference: Strategies for Regional Development of the Nour city,p237.(In Persian).
- Howes,H, 2000: Sastainability development comes of age: the tames environment 21 Experience, in: Katie William, Elizabeth Burton and mike jenks,(Eds) Achieving sustainabile urban form, London and newyork,.
- Jamieson,Walter and Pawinee Sunalai,2002, The Management of urban tourism destin:the cases of Klong Khwang and Phimai,Thailand,UMP-Asia Occasional Paper No.56.
- Kamyar,Gh.2006, Civil rights, Majd Pub, Tehran. .(In Persian).
- Kazemi,M.2010, Tourism management, SAMT pub, Fourth Edition,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Lee,J.(999, Tourism and development in the Third World, Translator: Eftekhari and Amin Salehi,Bazarghani pub,Tehran.
- -Lotfi,S,2007, Evaluation of urban tourism development in interaction with ecotourism, Journal of Geographical Thought, Vol:1; N: 1.p.10-26. .(In Persian).
- Mc. Gill, R. 1998, urban management in developing countries, cities, vol 15, No. 6
- Michael ,k, Jenkins,J,1999, Tourism policy, Translator: Arabi, and Ezadi, Paghoheshha E Farhanghi pub,Tehran.
- Mowforth, M. and Munt, 2003: Tourism and Sustainability: Devwlopment and new tourism in the third wordm, Routledge.
- Pacione M, 2007.Sastainable urban development in the Uk : Rhetoric orreality, Geography, volume 92(3).
- Papoliyazdi,M.Saghai,M. 2009, Tourism , SAMT pub ,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Rahmani,V, 2006, Provide a model for planning in rural tourism shore city of Nour, Master's Thesis in Geography, Islamic Azad University of Rasht.(In Persian).
- Ranjbaran,B,Zahedi,M, 2001, World Tourism Organization and National and regional tourism planning, Jahad E Daneshghahi Press,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Ranjbaran,B,Zahedi,M, 2011, Understanding Tourism, Chaharbagh Press, Eighth Edition.p173-193,Esfahan.(In Persian).
- Retz, T. 1996,”Sustahnable Tourism Development in Evo,Finland”Paper peresentedin The Nature XPO 96 International Conferece , Budepest, Hungry , August.
- -Rodolfo, B, 2007. The web Graph of a tourism system. , Publisher: Physica A 379,727-734.
- -Rogerson, K.A. , 2004: Downtown redevelopment astrategies in the united Stats: AN end – of – the- century assessment ,249-257.
- Saiedinia,A, 2000, Urban Management, IMO pub, Vol: XI,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Saiedinia,A, 2003, ketabesabz book, Volume of urban management, IMO pub. .(In Persian).
- Satarri,H. Zabihi,H, 2009, Introduction to the concept of urban management Prophet Muhammad in Medina expression beautiful city management in the Islamic City, Faraso E Modiriat magazine, Vol: 3; N: 10.p.35-50.(In Persian).
- Sharpi,R, 2001, Rural tourism, Translation: Monshizadeh and Nasiri, SAMT pub,Tehran.(In Persian).
- Shie,A. 2003, Necessary transformation of urban management in Iran, N: spring and summer ,p:37-62
- Shojae,M,Nouri,N. 2001, Review government policies on tourism and sustainable development model for tourism industry of Iran. Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol: 20; N: 78.p.63-90. .(In Persian).
- Statistical Yearbook of Mazandaran province,(2000),(2005),(2010). .(In Persian).
- Taghvai,M. Safarabadi,A. 2011, Review of the role of urban management in achieving sustainable development of urban tourism, A case study:Kermanshah city, of Arid Regions Geoghraphic Studies, Vol: 6; N: 22.p.25-40.
- Weaver,D.& M.Opper, 2000:Tourism Management,John Wiley and Sons Australia.
