ارزیابی تحمل به شرایط غرقابی نهال های دوساله ون (Fraxinus excelsior L.)

محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک

قاسم علی پاراد ¹ (گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران)
مسعود طبری کوچکسرایی ² (گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران)
علی خدادوست ³ (گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران)
سید احسان ساداتی ⁴ (موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، مازندران، ایران)
نبی عزیزی ⁵ (گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/12/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/03/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/03/01

کلید واژه: رویش قطری, صفات مورفولوژیکی, احیای اراضی, غرقابی موقت, نرخ فتوسنتز,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این تحقیق بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیکی و موفولوژیکی نهال‌های دو ساله ون (Fraxinus excelsior L.) به شرایط غرقابی بود. بدین منظور نهال‌های ون در طرحی کاملا تصادفی به مدت 102 روز تحت تاثیر تیمار غرقابی دائم، غرقاب موقت (غرقاب به‌مدت 60 روز و به دنبال آن 42 روز زهکشی) و شاهد قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد در پایان دوره، اگرچه کلیه نهال‌ها در هر سه شرایط آزمایش زنده ماندند اما در محیط‌های غرقابی، کاهش تدریجی هدایت روزنه‌ای، تعرق و نرخ فتوسنتز در طول تنش مشاهده شد. این در حالی است که پس از حذف عامل تنش (شرایط غرقاب موقت)، نهال‌ها توانستند تا حد زیادی فعالیت‌های فیزیولوژیکی خود را احیا کنند. رویش قطری نهال‌ها در تیمار غرقابی موقت افزایش یافت اما مقادیر رویش ارتفاعی، طول ریشه، سطح برگ و وزن خشک اندام‌های مختلف نهال‌ها در هر دو محیط غرقابی روند نزولی را طی نمود. به‌‌طورکلی، می‌توان اظهار داشت که نهال‌‌های دوساله ون پاسخ مناسبی نسبت به تنش غرقابی تا روز 60ام داده و بعد از 42 روز زهکشی، مشخصه‌های فیزیولوژیکی آنها بازیابی شد. از این تحقیق می‌توان استنتاج کرد که در شمال کشور، در مناطقی که در معرض سیلاب‌های دوره‌ای قرار دارند بتوان از نهال ون با اهداف احیاء اراضی و تولید چوب استفاده کرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of this study was determining the physiological and morphological responses of two-year-old common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seedlings to flooding stress. For this purpose, seedlings of common ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 102 days under continuous flooding, temporary flooding treatment (for 60 and 42 days drainage, respectively) and control. Stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis rate were progressively decreased by flooding while all seedlings survived at the end of flooding. Also, flooded plants were able to adequately recover their physiological activities. In addition, height, root length, leaf area, and biomass accumulation of seedlings decreased under flooding conditions (particularly in continuous flooding). Diameter growth on the other hand, increased in seedlings subjected to temporary flooding. Overall, the results showed that two-year-old seedlings of F. excelsior had a suitable response to flooding stress until day 60. After 42 days drainage, the physiological characteristics of the seedlings were recovered. Generally, on the basis of the findings in this research, it is expected that F. excelsior can be used for the purpose of restoration of lowlands and wood production in areas subjected to periodic flooding.

منابع و مأخذ:

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