بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی لاین‌های جهش یافته برنج حاصل از پرتوتابی با پرتو گاما و ارقام محلی در شرایط شور مزرعه
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
لیلا باقری
1
(گروه زیست شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
سارا سعادتمند
2
(گروه زیست شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
ندا سلطانی
3
(پژوهشکده علوم پایه کاربردی، جهاد دانشگاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران)
وحید نیکنام
4
(گروه زیست‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: برنج, شوری, پرتو گاما, فلورسانس کلروفیل, پراکسیداسیون چربی,
چکیده مقاله :
برنج (Oryza sativa L.) یکی از گیاهان زراعی است که منبع اصلی غذایی بیشتر از یک سوم جمعیت جهان است. عوامل محدود کننده نظیر تنش‌های محیطی، نیاز به افزایش عملکرد محصولات کشاورزی در واحد سطح را ایجاب می‌کند. شوری خاک یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل کاهش دهنده عملکرد گیاهان زراعی در سراسر جهان است. موتاسیون القایی به عنوان یکی از ابزار های مؤثر در بهبود عملکرد، کیفیت و مقاومت به تنش های زنده و غیر زنده در اصلاح محصولات استفاده می گردد. به منظور انتخاب لاین های جهش یافته برتر متحمل به شوری، 10 لاین موتانت انتخابی نسل پنجم حاصل از پرتوتابی سه رقم برنج بومی ایرانی با پرتو گاما (طارم، عنبربو و حسنی) در طول دو سال ( نسل های ششم و هفتم) در مزرعه با شوری خاک (8-6 دسی زیمنس بر متر) ارزیابی شدند. این تحقیق بر اساس طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. سه لاین جهش یافته برتر متحمل به شوری (3-13، 18-32 و 1-22) در مقایسه با ارقام مادری خود (شاهد) انتخاب شدند. ویژگی های فیزیولوژیکی لاین های موتانت برتر (هدایت روزنه ای، فلورسانس کلروفیل و شاخص سبزینگی بالا)، بیوشیمیایی (نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم پایین، تجمع پرولین بالا، تخریب غشایی پایین) بودند. در نهایت لاین های جهش یافته برتر، به عنوان ارقام جدید برنج موتانت متحمل به شوری و منابع جدید ژرم پلاسم گیاهی معرفی خواهند شد.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the crops which is the main source of food for more than a third of the world's population. Limiting factors such as environmental stress require increasing the yield of agricultural products per unit area. Soil salinity is one of the most important factors reducing the productivity of crops throughout the world. Induced mutation is widely used as an effective tool for improving the yield, quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in product modification. In order to screen salt-tolerant superior mutant lines of rice, 10 mutant lines (M5) derived from three Iranian local varieties (Tarom, Anbarbo, and Hasani) were assessed during two generations (M6 and M7) at saline field (EC of soil was 6-8 ds/m). The experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Three salt-tolerant superior mutant lines (13-3, 32-18 and 22-1) were selected in comparison with their parents (control). Physiological parameters of superior mutant lines (high stomatal conductivity, Fv/Fm, and total chlorophyll) were biochemical (lower Na+/K+ ratio, high proline accumulation, less membrane damage). These superior mutant lines will be introduced as new salt-tolerant rice varieties and sources of plant germplasm.
Ashraf M. (1999). Interactive effect of salt (NaCl) and nitrogen from on growth, water relations and photosynthetic capacity of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ann Appl Biol, 35: 509-513.
Ashraf, M. and McNeilly T. (2004). Salinity tolerance in Brassica oilseeds. Crit Rev Plant Sci, 23: 157-174.
Aguiba, M.M. 2005. Iran Releases World's First BT Rice
Ahmadi, M., Ghobadi, M. and Farhadi Bansouleh, B. (2011). Study the reaction of stomatal conduction and resistance in barley in drought stress conditions. The first national congress of modern agricultural sciences
Babaeian gelodar, N., Nematzadeh, GH., Karbalaei, M.T. and Taeb, M. (1999). Study of diversity of agronomic traits in native rice of Mazandaran. Journal of Shahed University. 26: 15-26.
Baker, N.R. and Rosenqvist, E. (2004). Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: an examination of future possibilities. Journal of Experimental Botany 55:1607-1621.
Bates, L., Waldren R. and Teare, I. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil 39: 205-207.
Cheraghi, S., Hasheminejhad, M.Y. and Rahimian, M.H. (2009). An overview of the salinity problem in Iran: Assessment and monitoring technology. In: Advances in the assessment and monitoring of salinization and status of biosaline agriculture reports of expert consultation held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 26-29 Nov.
Farshadfar, A. (1997). Plant breeding methodology. Publications of Razi University
Hassibi, P., Nabipoor, M. and Moradi, F. (2010). Study of some cryoprotectives role to induce low temperature tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 3 (1): 39-56.
Heath, R.L. and Packer L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. kinetics and stochiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125:189-198.
James, R.A., Von Caemmerer, S., Condon, A.G., Zwart, A.B. and Munns, R. (2008). Genetic variation in tolerance to the osmotic stress component of salinity stress in durum wheat.Functional Plant Biology, 35: 111-123.
Jamil, M., Rehman, S., Jae Lee, K., Man Kim, J., Kim, H.S. and Rha, E.S. (2007b). Salinity reduced growth PS2 photochemistry and chlorophyll content in Radish. Science Agriculture, 64:111-118.
Kanwal, S., Ashraf, M. and Shabbaz, M. 2011. Assessment of salt tolerance of some newly developed and candidate wheat (Triticum asetivum L.) cultivars using gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes. Pak. J. Bot., 45: 2693-2699.
Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K. and Fujita, M. (2013). Plant response to salt stress and role of exogenous protectants to mitigate salt-induced damages. Echophysiology and responses of plants under salt stress. Springer. pp 25-87.
Khodabandeh, N. (1988). Cereal cultivation book. Publications of Sepehr Publishing Center.
Kishor, P.B., Sangam, S. and Amrutha, R.N. (2005). Regulation of proline biosynthesis, degradation, uptake and transport in higher plants: its implication in plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Cur. Sci., 88: 424-438.
Liu X. and Huang B. 2000. Heat stress injury in relation to membrane lipid peroxidation in creexping bentgrass. Crop Science, 40: 503-510.
Masood, A., Hasanuzzaman, M., Khan, M.I.R. and Anjum, N.A. (2017). Approaches in modulating proline metabolism in plants for salt and drought stress tolerance: Phytohormones, mineral nutrients and transgenic. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 115: 126-140
Meloni, D.A., Olive, M.A., Martinez, C.A., and Cambraia, J. (2003). Photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase in cotton under salt stress. Environ. Exp. Bot. 49: 69-76.
Miller, GL. (1972). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugars. Anal. Chem., 31: 426-428.
Mohammadzadeh, J.M. (2007). Evaluation of rice genotypes to salt stress in the germination and seedling stages in hydroponic culture. MS Thesis of Islamic Azad University of Karaj.
Momeni, A. (2006). Final report of rice genotypes evaluation project to soil salinity stress in Iran. Publications of Rice Research Institute.
Mousa M.A., Al-Qurashi A.D., and Bakhashwain AA. (2013). Response of tomato genotypes at early growing stages to irrigation water salinity. J. Food Agri. Environ, 11: 501-507.
Munns, R. (1993). Physiological processes limiting plant growth in saline soil: some dogmas and hypotheses. Plant Cell Environ. 16: 15-24.
Niu, G., and Cabrera, R.I. (2010). Growth and physiological responses of landscape plants to saline water irrigation: a review. HortScience, 45:1605-1609.
Okhovvat, M. (2007). Planting, holding and harvesting book of rice. Publications of Gilan University.
Peng, S., Garcia, F.V., Laza, R.S. and Cassrman, K.G. (1993). Adjustment for specific leaf weight improves chlorophyll meters estimation of rice leaf nitrogen concentration. Agronomy Journal, 85: 987-990.
Peng, S.K., Cassman, G., Virmani, S.S., Sheehy, J. and Khush, G.S. (1999). Yield potential trends of tropical rice since the release of IR8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential. Crop Sci. 39: 1552-1559.
Perez, A.F., Estan, M.T., Santa, Cruz A. and Bolarin, MC. (1993). Effects of salinity on nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino acid levels in tomato plants. J. Hort. Sci., 68: 1021-1027.
Sakil M 2015: Role of methyl jasmonate for the alleviation of stress in saline induced rice plants. MS Thesis. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.
Shu, S., Guo, S.R., Sun, J. and Yuan, L.Y. (2012). Effects of salt stress on the structure and fuction of the photosynthetic apparatus in Cucumis sativus and its protection by exogenous putrescine. Physiol Plantarum, 146: 285-296.
Stepien, P. and Klobus, G. (2005). Antioxidant defense in the leaves of C3 and C4 plants under salinity stress. Physiol Plantarum, 125:31-40.
Sudhakar, C., Lakshmi, A. and Giridarakumar, S. 2001. Changes in the antioxidant enzyme efficacy in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba L.) under NaCl salinity. Plant Sci., 161: 613-619.
Tsuda, M. (1999). Errors in leaf area measurrment with an automatic area meter due to leaf chlorophyll in crop plants. Annals of Botany, 84: 799-801.
Walia, H., Wilson, C., Condamine, Liu, X., Abdelbagi, M., Zing, L., Wanamaker, S.I., Mandal, J., Xu, J., Cui, X. and Close, TJ. (2005). Comparative transcriptional profiling of two consoling rice genotypes under salinity stress during the vegetative growth stage. Plant Physiology, 139: 822-835.
Yeo, A.R. and Flowers, T.J. (1984). Mechanism of salinity resistance in rice and their role as physiological criteria in plant breeding. PP.151- 170 in: salinity tolerance in plants john. Willy, pub., New York.
Yosefi, M. (2005). Evaluation of selectivity efficiency for drought tolerance in wheat. MS Thesis.
Zarrinkafsh, M. (1997). Fundamental of soil science in relation to plant and environment. Publications of Islamic Azad University
Zhang, ZH., Liu, Q., Song, HX., Rong, XM., Ismail AM. (2012). Responses of different rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to salt stress and relation to carbohydrate metabolism and chlorophyll content. Afr. J. Agric. Res 7: 19-27.
Zhani, K., Elouer, M.A., Aloui, H. and Hannachi, C. (2012). Selection of a salt tolerant Tunisian cultivar of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) Eur. Asian. J. BioSciences, 6: 47-59.
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Ashraf M. (1999). Interactive effect of salt (NaCl) and nitrogen from on growth, water relations and photosynthetic capacity of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ann Appl Biol, 35: 509-513.
Ashraf, M. and McNeilly T. (2004). Salinity tolerance in Brassica oilseeds. Crit Rev Plant Sci, 23: 157-174.
Aguiba, M.M. 2005. Iran Releases World's First BT Rice
Ahmadi, M., Ghobadi, M. and Farhadi Bansouleh, B. (2011). Study the reaction of stomatal conduction and resistance in barley in drought stress conditions. The first national congress of modern agricultural sciences
Babaeian gelodar, N., Nematzadeh, GH., Karbalaei, M.T. and Taeb, M. (1999). Study of diversity of agronomic traits in native rice of Mazandaran. Journal of Shahed University. 26: 15-26.
Baker, N.R. and Rosenqvist, E. (2004). Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: an examination of future possibilities. Journal of Experimental Botany 55:1607-1621.
Bates, L., Waldren R. and Teare, I. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil 39: 205-207.
Cheraghi, S., Hasheminejhad, M.Y. and Rahimian, M.H. (2009). An overview of the salinity problem in Iran: Assessment and monitoring technology. In: Advances in the assessment and monitoring of salinization and status of biosaline agriculture reports of expert consultation held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. 26-29 Nov.
Farshadfar, A. (1997). Plant breeding methodology. Publications of Razi University
Hassibi, P., Nabipoor, M. and Moradi, F. (2010). Study of some cryoprotectives role to induce low temperature tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 3 (1): 39-56.
Heath, R.L. and Packer L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. kinetics and stochiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125:189-198.
James, R.A., Von Caemmerer, S., Condon, A.G., Zwart, A.B. and Munns, R. (2008). Genetic variation in tolerance to the osmotic stress component of salinity stress in durum wheat.Functional Plant Biology, 35: 111-123.
Jamil, M., Rehman, S., Jae Lee, K., Man Kim, J., Kim, H.S. and Rha, E.S. (2007b). Salinity reduced growth PS2 photochemistry and chlorophyll content in Radish. Science Agriculture, 64:111-118.
Kanwal, S., Ashraf, M. and Shabbaz, M. 2011. Assessment of salt tolerance of some newly developed and candidate wheat (Triticum asetivum L.) cultivars using gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes. Pak. J. Bot., 45: 2693-2699.
Hasanuzzaman, M., Nahar, K. and Fujita, M. (2013). Plant response to salt stress and role of exogenous protectants to mitigate salt-induced damages. Echophysiology and responses of plants under salt stress. Springer. pp 25-87.
Khodabandeh, N. (1988). Cereal cultivation book. Publications of Sepehr Publishing Center.
Kishor, P.B., Sangam, S. and Amrutha, R.N. (2005). Regulation of proline biosynthesis, degradation, uptake and transport in higher plants: its implication in plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Cur. Sci., 88: 424-438.
Liu X. and Huang B. 2000. Heat stress injury in relation to membrane lipid peroxidation in creexping bentgrass. Crop Science, 40: 503-510.
Masood, A., Hasanuzzaman, M., Khan, M.I.R. and Anjum, N.A. (2017). Approaches in modulating proline metabolism in plants for salt and drought stress tolerance: Phytohormones, mineral nutrients and transgenic. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 115: 126-140
Meloni, D.A., Olive, M.A., Martinez, C.A., and Cambraia, J. (2003). Photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase in cotton under salt stress. Environ. Exp. Bot. 49: 69-76.
Miller, GL. (1972). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugars. Anal. Chem., 31: 426-428.
Mohammadzadeh, J.M. (2007). Evaluation of rice genotypes to salt stress in the germination and seedling stages in hydroponic culture. MS Thesis of Islamic Azad University of Karaj.
Momeni, A. (2006). Final report of rice genotypes evaluation project to soil salinity stress in Iran. Publications of Rice Research Institute.
Mousa M.A., Al-Qurashi A.D., and Bakhashwain AA. (2013). Response of tomato genotypes at early growing stages to irrigation water salinity. J. Food Agri. Environ, 11: 501-507.
Munns, R. (1993). Physiological processes limiting plant growth in saline soil: some dogmas and hypotheses. Plant Cell Environ. 16: 15-24.
Niu, G., and Cabrera, R.I. (2010). Growth and physiological responses of landscape plants to saline water irrigation: a review. HortScience, 45:1605-1609.
Okhovvat, M. (2007). Planting, holding and harvesting book of rice. Publications of Gilan University.
Peng, S., Garcia, F.V., Laza, R.S. and Cassrman, K.G. (1993). Adjustment for specific leaf weight improves chlorophyll meters estimation of rice leaf nitrogen concentration. Agronomy Journal, 85: 987-990.
Peng, S.K., Cassman, G., Virmani, S.S., Sheehy, J. and Khush, G.S. (1999). Yield potential trends of tropical rice since the release of IR8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential. Crop Sci. 39: 1552-1559.
Perez, A.F., Estan, M.T., Santa, Cruz A. and Bolarin, MC. (1993). Effects of salinity on nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino acid levels in tomato plants. J. Hort. Sci., 68: 1021-1027.
Sakil M 2015: Role of methyl jasmonate for the alleviation of stress in saline induced rice plants. MS Thesis. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.
Shu, S., Guo, S.R., Sun, J. and Yuan, L.Y. (2012). Effects of salt stress on the structure and fuction of the photosynthetic apparatus in Cucumis sativus and its protection by exogenous putrescine. Physiol Plantarum, 146: 285-296.
Stepien, P. and Klobus, G. (2005). Antioxidant defense in the leaves of C3 and C4 plants under salinity stress. Physiol Plantarum, 125:31-40.
Sudhakar, C., Lakshmi, A. and Giridarakumar, S. 2001. Changes in the antioxidant enzyme efficacy in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba L.) under NaCl salinity. Plant Sci., 161: 613-619.
Tsuda, M. (1999). Errors in leaf area measurrment with an automatic area meter due to leaf chlorophyll in crop plants. Annals of Botany, 84: 799-801.
Walia, H., Wilson, C., Condamine, Liu, X., Abdelbagi, M., Zing, L., Wanamaker, S.I., Mandal, J., Xu, J., Cui, X. and Close, TJ. (2005). Comparative transcriptional profiling of two consoling rice genotypes under salinity stress during the vegetative growth stage. Plant Physiology, 139: 822-835.
Yeo, A.R. and Flowers, T.J. (1984). Mechanism of salinity resistance in rice and their role as physiological criteria in plant breeding. PP.151- 170 in: salinity tolerance in plants john. Willy, pub., New York.
Yosefi, M. (2005). Evaluation of selectivity efficiency for drought tolerance in wheat. MS Thesis.
Zarrinkafsh, M. (1997). Fundamental of soil science in relation to plant and environment. Publications of Islamic Azad University
Zhang, ZH., Liu, Q., Song, HX., Rong, XM., Ismail AM. (2012). Responses of different rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to salt stress and relation to carbohydrate metabolism and chlorophyll content. Afr. J. Agric. Res 7: 19-27.
Zhani, K., Elouer, M.A., Aloui, H. and Hannachi, C. (2012). Selection of a salt tolerant Tunisian cultivar of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens) Eur. Asian. J. BioSciences, 6: 47-59.
