اثر پوترسین و نانوذره کلسیم بر رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی در گیاه استویا (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) تحت تنش شوری
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی محیطیسیده فاطمه قادری کولایی 1 , مهیار گرامی 2 , مسعود ازادبخت 3 , پرستو مجیدیان 4
1 - بخش زیست‌شناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی غیرانتفاعی سنا، ساری، ایران،
2 - بخش زیست‌شناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی غیرانتفاعی سنا، ساری، ایران،
3 - بخش زیست‌شناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی غیرانتفاعی سنا، ساری، ایران،
4 - بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران
کلید واژه: شوری, پوترسین, پلی آمین, گیاه استویا, نانوذره کلسیم,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر غلظت‌های مختلف نانوذره کلسیم و پوترسین بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی استویا تحت شرایط تنش شوری بود. بدین منظور آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار صورت پذیرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه سطح نانوذره کلسیم (صفر، 75 و 150 پی پی ام)، دو سطح پوترسین (صفر و 1 میلی‌مولار) و سه سطح شوری (صفر، 75 و 150 میلی‌مولار) بود. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس، اثر ساده هر کدام از تیمارهای شوری، نانوذره کلسیم و پوترسین بر صفات مورد مطالعه در سطح احتمال 5 درصد معنی‌دار شد، در حالیکه اثر متقابل این تیمارها معنی‌دار نشدند. نتایج تنش شوری نشان داد که غلظت 150 میلی‌مولار شوری سبب کاهش کلروفیل a به میزان 21/0، کلروفیل b به میزان 47/0 و کلروفیل کل به میزان 68/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن خشک نمونه نسبت به شاهد شد. در حالیکه، افزایش میزان کاروتوئید به میزان 10/0 در غلظت 150 میلی‌مولار شوری مشاهده شد. همچنین، اثر نانوذره کلسیم (150 پی‌پی‌ام) و پوترسین (1 میلی‌مولار) سبب افزایش محتوای رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی شد. در ارتباط با آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی، شوری 150 میلی‌مولار مقادیر آنزیم‌های کاتالاز را به میزان 69/1 و پراکسیداز را 02/5 واحد گرم در وزن تر برگ افزایش داد. به علاوه، اثر پوترسین (1 میلی‌مولار) سبب افزایش آنزیم کاتالاز به میزان 18/2 و پراکسیداز 46/4 گرم در واحد وزن تر برگ شد. غلظت 150 پی پی ام نانوذره کلسیم نیز سبب افزایش آنزیم کاتالاز به میزان 87/1 و پراکسیداز به میزان 84/4 گرم در واحد وزن تر برگ شد. از نتایج بدست آمده از این پژوهش میتوان نتیجه گرفت که استفاده از نانوذره کلسیم و پوترسین باعث جبران خسارت وارده به صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در گیاه استویا در شرایط تنش شوری می گردد و از الیسیتورهای مورد نظر میتوان جهت بررسی‌های سایر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در گیاه استویا در پروژه های آتی بهره برد.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of calcium nanoparticle and putrescine on some physiological traits of the medicinal plant, stevia, under salt stress. In this regard, the experiment was performed based on a factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The experimental treatments contained three levels of calcium nanoparticle (0, 75, and 150 ppm), two levels of putrescine (0 and 1 mM), and three levels of salt (0, 75, 150 mM). Based on analysis of variance results, the simple effect of each treatment as salt stress, calcium nanoparticle, and putrescine was significant at P≤0.05; however, their interaction effect was not significant. Results also showed that salt stress (150 mM) resulted in the reduction of chlorophyll a (0.21), chlorophyll b (0.47), and total chlorophyll (0.68 mg/g dry weight) compared to the control while, an increase in carotenoid content (0.10) was observed under 150 mM salinity. Also, the photosynthetic pigments content increased under 150 ppm calcium nanoparticle and 1 mM of putrescine. Considering antioxidant enzymes, the treatment with 150 mM salt increased catalase enzyme as 1.69 and as 5.02 g/wet weight. In addition, the effect of putrescine led to the increase of catalase and peroxidase by 2.18 and 4.46 g/wet weight of leaves, respectively. Moreover, the treatment with 150 ppm calcium nanoparticles resulted in increases in catalase and peroxidase contents by 1.87 and 4.84 g/wet weight of leaves, respectively. The most appropriate concentrations of putrescine and calcium nanoparticles were 1 mM and 150 ppm, respectively which are recommended for assessment of other physiological and biochemical properties of stevia.
Ali, S., Mehmood, A. and Khan, N. (2021). Uptake, translocation, and consequences of nanomaterials on plant growth and stress adaptation. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2021: 1-17.
Arnon, D.I. (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology. 24:1–15.
Badihi, L., Gerami, M., Akbarinodeh, D., Shokrzadeh, M. and Ramezani, M. (2021). Physio-chemical responses of exogenous calcium nanoparticle and putrescine polyamine in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 27(1): 119-133.
Choudhary, R.C., Kumaraswamy, R.V., Kumari, S., Sharma, S.S., Pal, A., Raliya, R., Biswas, P. and Saharan, V. (2017). Cu-chitosan nanoparticle boost defense responses and plant growth in maize (Zea mays L.). Scientific Reports. 7(1): 1-11.
Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Ghatei, P., Momenpour, A., Gholamnezhad, J. Fakharipour, Z. (2022). Effect of salicylic acid foliar application on flowering and growth characteristics of lantana (Lantana camara Linn.) under salinity stress. 16(64): 1-23
Dehghani, I. and Mostajeran, A. (2010). The effect of salt stress on vegetative growth and antioxidant enzyme activity in Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Medicinal Plant Journal. 1: 1-8
Demiral, M.A. (2005). Comparative response of two olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars to salinity. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 29(4): 267-274.
Farsarayi, S., Moghadam, M. and Mehdizadeh, L. (2022). The effect of salsilic acid on some physiological traits and essence production. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology. 17(65): 54-65.
Gerami, M., Majidian, P., Ghorbanpour, A. and Alipour, Z. (2020). Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni responses to salt stress and chitosan elicitor. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 26(5): 965-974.
Hossain, A., Skalicky, M., Brestic, M., Maitra, S., Ashraful Alam, M., Syed, M.A., Hossain, J., Sarkar, S., Saha, S., Bhadra, P., Shankar, T., Bhatt, R., Chaki, A.L., Sabagh, A.L. and Islam, T. (2021). Consequences and mitigation strategies of abiotic stresses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the changing climate. Agronomy. 11(2): 241.
Islam, M.J., Kim, J.W., Begum, M.K., Sohel, M.A.T. and Lim, Y.S. (2020). Physiological and biochemical changes in sugar beet seedlings to confer stress adaptability under drought condition. Plants. 9:1-27.
Li, K., Xing, R., Liu, S. and Li, P. (2020). Chitin and chitosan fragments responsible for plant elicitor and growth stimulator. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 68(44): 12203-12211.
Lichtenthaler, H. (1987). Cholorophyllas and carotenoids:pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Journal of Methods of Enzymology. 148: 350-382.
Liu, X., Feng, Z., Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Xiao, Q. and Wang, Y. (2006a). Preparation and testing of cementing nano subnano composites of slower controlled release of fertilizers. Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 39:1598-1604.
Liu, J., Yu, B.J. and Liu, Y.L. (2006b). Effects of spermidine and sperimine levels on salt tolerance associated with tonoplast H+ ATPase and H+-PPase activities in barley roots. Plant Growth Regulators. 49(119): 1-9.
Masoumi, S.J., Ranjbar, S. and Keshavarz, V. (2020). The effectiveness of stevia in diabetes mellitus: A review. International Journal of Nutrition Sciences. 5(2): 45-49.
Meier, S., Moore, F., Morales, A., González, M. E., Seguel, A., Meriño-Gergichevich, C. and Mejías, J. (2020). Synthesis of calcium borate nanoparticles and its use as a potential foliar fertilizer in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). Plant physiology and biochemistry. 151: 673-680.
Mishra, P.,Bhoomika, K. and Dubey, R.S. (2013). Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to prolonged salinity stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Protoplasma. 250: 3–19
Netondo, G.W., Onyango, J. C. and Beck, E. (2004). Sorghum and salinity: II. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of sorghum under salt stress. Crop science. 44(3): 806-811.
Nazir, M.M., Li, Q., Noman, M., Ulhassan, Z., Ali, S., Ahmed, T. and Zhang, G. (2022). Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles Have the Role of Alleviating Arsenic Toxicity of Barley. Frontiers in plant science. 13: 843795-843795.
Noriakendi, Z., Pirdashti, H., Yaghobian, Y. and Ghasemi Omaran, V. (2016). Evaluation of the changes of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigemets of medicinal plant of stevia by interaction with Piriformospora indica fungus under salt stress. Agricultural Crops. 18: 639-653.
Normohammadi, Z., Ismailpour, B., Azarmi, R., Shiekhalipour, M., Chamani, E. and Shahbazi Yajlo, R. (2021). Effect of melatonin tretment on growth and physiologycal and biochemical characteristics of Stevia rebaudiana berton under salt stress conditions. Journal of Vegetables Sciences. 5(1): 1-15.
Pang, C.H. Wang, B.S. (2008). Oxidative stress and salt tolerance in plants. Progress in botany. 231-245.
Rane, M., Bawskar, M., Rathod, D., Nagaonkar, D. and Rai, M. (2015). Influence of calcium phosphate nanoparticles, Piriformospora indica and Glomus mosseae on growth of Zea mays. Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 6(4): 045014.
Rao, S. R., Sainis, J. K. and Sane, P.V. (1981). Inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis by α′, α′-dipyridyl during greening of groundnut leaves. Phytochemistry. 20(12): 2683-2686.
Razavi, S.M., Zarrini, G., Molavi, G. and Ghasemi, G. (2011). Bioactivity of Malva sylvestris L., a medicinal plant from Iran. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 14(6): 574.
Sadat Noori, S.A., Ferdosizadeh, L., Izadi-Darbandi, A., Mortazavian, S.M.M. and Saghafi, S. (2011). Effects of salinity and laser radiation on proline accumulation in seeds of spring wheat. Journal of Plant Physiology Breeding. 1(2): 11-20.
Sebastian, A., Nangia, A. and Prasad, M. N.V. (2017). Carbon-bound iron oxide nanoparticles prevent calcium-induced iron deficiency in Oryza sativa L. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 65(3): 557-564.
Shi, K., Huang, Y.Y., Xia, X.J., Zhang, Y.L., Zhou, Y.H. and Yu, J.Q. (2008). Protective role of putrescine against salt stress is partially related to the improvement of water relation and nutritional imbalance in cucumber. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31(10): 1820-1831.
Singh, S. (2014). A review on possible elicitor molecules of cyanobacteria: their role in improving plant growth and providing tolerance against biotic or abiotic stress. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 117(5): 1221-1244.
Singh, S.D. and Rao, G.P. (2005). Stevia: the herbal sugar of 21st century. Sugar Technology. 7(1): 17.
Susmitha, S., Gowri, R.S., Meenambigai, P., Ramitha, R. and Vijayaraghavan, R. (2015). Physiochemical properties of purified Catalase enzyme from Azolla. International Journal of Current Microbiology Applied Science. 4(8): 836-844.
Taïbi, K., Taïbi, F., Abderrahim, L.A., Ennajah, A , Belkhodja, M. and Mulet, J.M. (2016). Effect of salt stress on growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems in Phaseolus vulgaris L. South African Journal of Botany. 105: 306–312
Tang, W. and Newton, R.J. (2005). Polyamines reduce salt-induced oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing lipid peroxidation in Virginia pine. Plant Growth Regulation. 46(1): 31-43.
Walters, D. R. (2003). Polyamines and plant disease. Phytochemistry. 64(1): 97-107.
Wang, Y., Stevanato, P., Yu, L., Zhao, H., Sun, X., Sun, F., Li, J., Geng, G. (2017). The physiological and metabolic changes in sugar beet seedlings under different levels of salt stress. Journal of Plant Resources. 130: 1079–1093
Xiong, F., Liao, J., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., Fang, W. and Zhu, X. (2018). The protective effect of exogenous putrescine in the response of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) to salt stress. HortScience. 53(11): 1640-1646.
Yadav, S.K. and Guleria, P. (2012). Steviol glycosides from Stevia: biosynthesis pathway review and their application in foods and medicine. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 52(11): 988-998.
Zeng, J., Chen, A., Li, D., Yi, B. and Wu, W. (2013). Effects of salt stress on the growth, physiological responses, and glycoside contents of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61(24): 5720-5726.
_||_Ali, S., Mehmood, A. and Khan, N. (2021). Uptake, translocation, and consequences of nanomaterials on plant growth and stress adaptation. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2021: 1-17.
Arnon, D.I. (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology. 24:1–15.
Badihi, L., Gerami, M., Akbarinodeh, D., Shokrzadeh, M. and Ramezani, M. (2021). Physio-chemical responses of exogenous calcium nanoparticle and putrescine polyamine in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 27(1): 119-133.
Choudhary, R.C., Kumaraswamy, R.V., Kumari, S., Sharma, S.S., Pal, A., Raliya, R., Biswas, P. and Saharan, V. (2017). Cu-chitosan nanoparticle boost defense responses and plant growth in maize (Zea mays L.). Scientific Reports. 7(1): 1-11.
Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Ghatei, P., Momenpour, A., Gholamnezhad, J. Fakharipour, Z. (2022). Effect of salicylic acid foliar application on flowering and growth characteristics of lantana (Lantana camara Linn.) under salinity stress. 16(64): 1-23
Dehghani, I. and Mostajeran, A. (2010). The effect of salt stress on vegetative growth and antioxidant enzyme activity in Zingiber officinale Roscoe. Medicinal Plant Journal. 1: 1-8
Demiral, M.A. (2005). Comparative response of two olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars to salinity. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 29(4): 267-274.
Farsarayi, S., Moghadam, M. and Mehdizadeh, L. (2022). The effect of salsilic acid on some physiological traits and essence production. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology. 17(65): 54-65.
Gerami, M., Majidian, P., Ghorbanpour, A. and Alipour, Z. (2020). Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni responses to salt stress and chitosan elicitor. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 26(5): 965-974.
Hossain, A., Skalicky, M., Brestic, M., Maitra, S., Ashraful Alam, M., Syed, M.A., Hossain, J., Sarkar, S., Saha, S., Bhadra, P., Shankar, T., Bhatt, R., Chaki, A.L., Sabagh, A.L. and Islam, T. (2021). Consequences and mitigation strategies of abiotic stresses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under the changing climate. Agronomy. 11(2): 241.
Islam, M.J., Kim, J.W., Begum, M.K., Sohel, M.A.T. and Lim, Y.S. (2020). Physiological and biochemical changes in sugar beet seedlings to confer stress adaptability under drought condition. Plants. 9:1-27.
Li, K., Xing, R., Liu, S. and Li, P. (2020). Chitin and chitosan fragments responsible for plant elicitor and growth stimulator. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 68(44): 12203-12211.
Lichtenthaler, H. (1987). Cholorophyllas and carotenoids:pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Journal of Methods of Enzymology. 148: 350-382.
Liu, X., Feng, Z., Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Xiao, Q. and Wang, Y. (2006a). Preparation and testing of cementing nano subnano composites of slower controlled release of fertilizers. Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 39:1598-1604.
Liu, J., Yu, B.J. and Liu, Y.L. (2006b). Effects of spermidine and sperimine levels on salt tolerance associated with tonoplast H+ ATPase and H+-PPase activities in barley roots. Plant Growth Regulators. 49(119): 1-9.
Masoumi, S.J., Ranjbar, S. and Keshavarz, V. (2020). The effectiveness of stevia in diabetes mellitus: A review. International Journal of Nutrition Sciences. 5(2): 45-49.
Meier, S., Moore, F., Morales, A., González, M. E., Seguel, A., Meriño-Gergichevich, C. and Mejías, J. (2020). Synthesis of calcium borate nanoparticles and its use as a potential foliar fertilizer in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). Plant physiology and biochemistry. 151: 673-680.
Mishra, P.,Bhoomika, K. and Dubey, R.S. (2013). Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to prolonged salinity stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. Protoplasma. 250: 3–19
Netondo, G.W., Onyango, J. C. and Beck, E. (2004). Sorghum and salinity: II. Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of sorghum under salt stress. Crop science. 44(3): 806-811.
Nazir, M.M., Li, Q., Noman, M., Ulhassan, Z., Ali, S., Ahmed, T. and Zhang, G. (2022). Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles Have the Role of Alleviating Arsenic Toxicity of Barley. Frontiers in plant science. 13: 843795-843795.
Noriakendi, Z., Pirdashti, H., Yaghobian, Y. and Ghasemi Omaran, V. (2016). Evaluation of the changes of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigemets of medicinal plant of stevia by interaction with Piriformospora indica fungus under salt stress. Agricultural Crops. 18: 639-653.
Normohammadi, Z., Ismailpour, B., Azarmi, R., Shiekhalipour, M., Chamani, E. and Shahbazi Yajlo, R. (2021). Effect of melatonin tretment on growth and physiologycal and biochemical characteristics of Stevia rebaudiana berton under salt stress conditions. Journal of Vegetables Sciences. 5(1): 1-15.
Pang, C.H. Wang, B.S. (2008). Oxidative stress and salt tolerance in plants. Progress in botany. 231-245.
Rane, M., Bawskar, M., Rathod, D., Nagaonkar, D. and Rai, M. (2015). Influence of calcium phosphate nanoparticles, Piriformospora indica and Glomus mosseae on growth of Zea mays. Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 6(4): 045014.
Rao, S. R., Sainis, J. K. and Sane, P.V. (1981). Inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis by α′, α′-dipyridyl during greening of groundnut leaves. Phytochemistry. 20(12): 2683-2686.
Razavi, S.M., Zarrini, G., Molavi, G. and Ghasemi, G. (2011). Bioactivity of Malva sylvestris L., a medicinal plant from Iran. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 14(6): 574.
Sadat Noori, S.A., Ferdosizadeh, L., Izadi-Darbandi, A., Mortazavian, S.M.M. and Saghafi, S. (2011). Effects of salinity and laser radiation on proline accumulation in seeds of spring wheat. Journal of Plant Physiology Breeding. 1(2): 11-20.
Sebastian, A., Nangia, A. and Prasad, M. N.V. (2017). Carbon-bound iron oxide nanoparticles prevent calcium-induced iron deficiency in Oryza sativa L. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 65(3): 557-564.
Shi, K., Huang, Y.Y., Xia, X.J., Zhang, Y.L., Zhou, Y.H. and Yu, J.Q. (2008). Protective role of putrescine against salt stress is partially related to the improvement of water relation and nutritional imbalance in cucumber. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31(10): 1820-1831.
Singh, S. (2014). A review on possible elicitor molecules of cyanobacteria: their role in improving plant growth and providing tolerance against biotic or abiotic stress. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 117(5): 1221-1244.
Singh, S.D. and Rao, G.P. (2005). Stevia: the herbal sugar of 21st century. Sugar Technology. 7(1): 17.
Susmitha, S., Gowri, R.S., Meenambigai, P., Ramitha, R. and Vijayaraghavan, R. (2015). Physiochemical properties of purified Catalase enzyme from Azolla. International Journal of Current Microbiology Applied Science. 4(8): 836-844.
Taïbi, K., Taïbi, F., Abderrahim, L.A., Ennajah, A , Belkhodja, M. and Mulet, J.M. (2016). Effect of salt stress on growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems in Phaseolus vulgaris L. South African Journal of Botany. 105: 306–312
Tang, W. and Newton, R.J. (2005). Polyamines reduce salt-induced oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing lipid peroxidation in Virginia pine. Plant Growth Regulation. 46(1): 31-43.
Walters, D. R. (2003). Polyamines and plant disease. Phytochemistry. 64(1): 97-107.
Wang, Y., Stevanato, P., Yu, L., Zhao, H., Sun, X., Sun, F., Li, J., Geng, G. (2017). The physiological and metabolic changes in sugar beet seedlings under different levels of salt stress. Journal of Plant Resources. 130: 1079–1093
Xiong, F., Liao, J., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., Fang, W. and Zhu, X. (2018). The protective effect of exogenous putrescine in the response of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) to salt stress. HortScience. 53(11): 1640-1646.
Yadav, S.K. and Guleria, P. (2012). Steviol glycosides from Stevia: biosynthesis pathway review and their application in foods and medicine. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 52(11): 988-998.
Zeng, J., Chen, A., Li, D., Yi, B. and Wu, W. (2013). Effects of salt stress on the growth, physiological responses, and glycoside contents of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61(24): 5720-5726.
