بررسی اثرسیتوکینین برشاخص‌های رشد و فتوسنتز گیاه Cucurbita maxima L. در سطوح مختلف خشکی
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیکمریم نیاکان 1 , معصومه حبیبی 2
1 - گروه زیست شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
کلید واژه: خشکی, کینتین, رنگیزه, قندهای محلول و نامحلول,
چکیده مقاله :
خشکی از جمله تنش‌های محیطی است که به‌عنوان مهمترین عامل محدود کننده رشد و تولید گیاهان در اکثر نقاط جهان شناخته شده است. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف خشکی بر شاخص‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی گیاه Cucurbita maxima L. به شکل مستقل و نیز به همراه کاربرد کینتین در دو غلظت به شکل محلول پاشی بر میزان پارامترهای رشد، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و قندهای محلول و نامحلول برگ و ریشه بود. جهت رسیدن به این هدف، آزمایشی گلدانی در محیط باز به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در قالب 9 تیمار با 4 تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در مرحله رویشی سه سطح از تنش خشکی شامل ظرفیت 3/2 زراعی معادل تنش ملایم و 3/1 ظرفیت زراعی معادل تنش شدید خشکی به همراه کاربرد دو غلظت از کینتین شامل 2 و 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به شکل محلول پاشی بر اندام هوایی گیاهان اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی موجب کاهش پارامترهای رشد، نشاسته ورنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و کاربرد کینتین منجر به افزایش معنی‌داری در آن‌ها شد. از سوی دیگر تنش خشکی قندهای محلول را افزایش داد در حالی که کاربرد کینتین موجب کاهش پارامترهای نامبرده شد. در مجموع کاربرد کینتین در این تحقیق توانست به‌طور قابل توجهی از اثرات منفی خشکی بر گیاه مورد تحقیق بکاهد.
Drought is one of the environmental stresses that have been recognized as the most important limiting factor for plant growth and production in most parts of the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drought on morpho-physiological indicators of Cucurbita maxima L. in two forms independently and with spraying Kinetin at two concentrations on growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and soluble sugars in leaves and roots. To achieve this aim, a pot experiment in a natural environment based on a factorial randomized complete block design was carried out in the form of 9 treatments with four replications. Three levels of drought stress in vegetative phase consisting of 2/3 and 1/3 of field capacity equivalent to mild and severe drought stress were applied with two concentrations of Kinetin including 2 and 4 mg per liter in the form of shoot spraying. The results showed that drought stress reduced the growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and starch and application of kinetin increased them significantly. On the other hand, drought stress increased soluble sugars while kinetin application decreased them. Overall results showed that the use of Kinetin in this study could significantly reduce the negative effects of drought on Cucurbita maxima L.
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