مطالعه ترکیبات شیمیایی، خواص ضدقارچی، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و سمیت سلولی اسانس گیاه دارویی (Thymus daenensis Celak)
محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی
عبدالناصر محمدی غلامی
1
(استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران)
سیما شیراوند
2
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران)
کاترین ابراهیمی
3
(گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: اسانس, آنتی اکسیدان, سمیت سلولی, آویشن دنایی, فعالیت ضدقارچی,
چکیده مقاله :
آویشن دنایی با نام علمی، Thymus daenensis Celakمتعلق به تیره نعناعیان است. اسانس گیاه دارای متابولیت‌های ثانوی با ضدقارچی و آنتی اکسیدانی قوی برخوردار است. در این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس، فعالیت ضد قارچی، خواص آنتی اکسیدانی و سمیت سلولی، سر شاخه‌های گلدار گیاه در خردادماه سال 1396 از منطقه زاغه استان لرستان برداشت گردید. ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس به روش تقطیر با آب استخراج و توسط دستگاه کروماتوگرافی (GC) و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی (GC/MS) آنالیز شد. خواص ضد قارچی، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و سمیت سلولی به‌ترتیب با استفاده از روش های میکرودایلوشن براث، DPPH وMTT انجام شد. عمده ترین ترکیبات اسانس گیاه شامل تیمول (7/24 درصد) و کارواکرول (05/38 درصد) بوده و حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی رشداسانس علیه آسپرژیلوس فومیگاتوس و آسپرژیلوس نایجر به‌ترتیب 5/0 و 1 میکروگرم در میلی لیتر بدست امد. اثر مهار کنندگی رادیکالی با افزایش غلظت اسانس، افزایش یافته و IC50=63/23 میکروگرم بر میلی لیتر تعیین گردید. روش رنگ‌سنجی MTT نشان داد که سمیت اسانس بر روی سلول‌های لنفوسیت انسانی ناچیز می باشد. با توجه به نتایج مطالعه انجام شده، اسانس آویشن دنایی دارای اثرات قابل توجه ضدقارچی و آنتی اکسیدانی بوده، بنابراین می‌تواند به‌عنوان یکی از گیاهان بومی کشور پتانسیل استفاده در صنایع دارویی را داشته باشد و به عنوان یک کاندیدای خوب در درمان بیماری‌های قارچ‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
Thyme daenensis, scientifically known as Thymus daenensis Celak belongs to the Lamiaceae family. The aerial part of Thymus daenensis encompasses phenolic compounds and has powerful antifungal and antioxidant properties. Due to its potential to produce the secondary metabolites, it also has anti-mutation and anti-cancer properties. In this study, in order to investigate the phytochemicals, antioxidant, antifungal properties and also the cell cytotoxicity, the aerial parts of Thymus daenensis were collected from Zagheh area in Lorestan province Khorramabad, in June 2017. The chemical compounds of the essential oil were extracted using water distillation and analyzed using Chromatography (GC) and Gass Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Broth microdilution, MTT, and DPPH methods were utilized to determine the antifungal and antioxidant properties and cell cytotoxicity, respectively. In the essential oil, the most significant compounds were thymol (24.7%) and carvacrol (38.5%) and the Minimum inhibitory concentration against Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger were respectively 0.5 and 1 μg/ml. The radical inhibitory effect increased as the density of the essential oil increased (IC50=63/23). The MTT assay indicated that the impact of the essential oil cytotoxicity on human lymphocyte cells was insignificant. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that the essential oil of Thymus daenensis, as one of Iran’s indigenous plants, has considerable antioxidant properties that have potential to be used in pharmaceutical industrieTs and act as a good candidate in the fungal diseases’ treatment.
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