بررسی اثر آلودگی‌های صنعتی بر تجمع آرسنیک در خاک و برخی واکنش‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی .Malva neglecta L

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

زهرا عربی ¹ (دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران)
زینب زاهد ² (دانش آموخنه کارشناسی ارشد زیست گیاهی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/08/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/11/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/12/01

کلید واژه: "آنتوسیانین", "پروتئین", "آرسنیک", "پنیرک", "قندهای محلول کل",

چکیده مقاله :

آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی، از جمله فلزات سنگین یکی از معیارهای کنترل کیفیت گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرآوری شده‌ی آنها می‌باشند. به منظور بررسی اثر آلودگی‌های صنعتی بر برخی واکنش‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه پنیرک (Malva neglecta L.)، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در اراضی کشاورزی اطراف شهرک صنعتی بندر گز در استان گلستان در بهار 1392 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول شامل فاصله از منبع آلودگی در چهار سطح (شاهد، 100، 200و 300 متر) و فاکتور دوم نوع اندام گیاه (هوایی و ریشه) بود. کرت شاهد نیز در همان منطقه در فاصله 1000 متری از منبع آلودگی در نظر گرفته شد. در این آزمایش مقدار آنتوسیانین، قند محلول کل، فلاونوئید، پروتئین، پرولین، آنزیم پراکسیداز، کاتالاز، گلیسین بتائین و آرسنیک و کادمیوم خاک و گیاه اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان آنتوسیانین (37/6 میکرومول در گرم وزن تر اندام هوایی)، ، قند محلول (04/42 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی)، پرولین (05/15 میکرومول در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی) و گلیسین بتائین (99/46 میکروگرم در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی) در تیمار 200 متر فاصله از منبع آلودگی به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان پروتئین (099/0 گرم در کیلوگرم وزن خشک)، فلاونوئید (305/1 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی)، آرسنیک (37/515 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم اندام هوایی) و فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز (به ترتیب 84/8 و 62/25 میکرومول آب اکسیژنه بر دقیقه ) مربوط به تیمار 100 متر فاصله از منبع آلودگی بود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to investigate effects of industrial contaminants on some physiological and biochemical reactions of Malva neglecta L. a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in farms around the Bandar Gaz Industrial Estate in Golestan province at spring, 2013. The first factor was the distance from the source of contamination in four levels (control, 100, 200 and 300m) and the second factor was the plant’s organ on two levels (shoot and root). The control plot was also located in the same area at a distance of 1000 meters from the source of contamination. In this study, the amount of Anthocyanin, total soluble sugar, flavonoid, protein, activities of Catalase and Peroxidase enzymes, Glycine Betaine, Arsenic and Cadmium of soil and plant were measured. The highest amount of Anthocyanin (6.37 µmol g-1 of shoot dry weight ), total soluble sugar (42.04 mg g-1 dry weight), Proline (15.55 µmol g-1 of shoot dry weight) and Glycine Betaine (46.97 μg g-1 dry weight) were related to the treatment of 200m distance from the source of contamination. The highest amount of protein (0.099 g kg-1 dry weight), Flavonoid (1.305 mg g-1 of shoot dry weight), Arsenic (515.37 mg kg-1 dry weight) and activities of Catalase and Peroxidase enzymes (8.84 and 25.62 μmol H2O2 min-1 respectively) were obtained in the treatment of 100m distance from the source of contamination.

منابع و مأخذ:

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