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  • ارزیابی و مقایسه مهم‌ترین متابولیت‌های ثانویه عصاره متانولی اندام‌های مختلف گیاه Cynara Scolymus L. تحت تاثیر تنش آبی و تراکم کاشت

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کد مقاله : EJMP-2005-1583 (R4) بازدید : 136 صفحه: 66 - 80

20.1001.1.23223235.1399.8.3.5.9

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

ارزیابی و مقایسه مهم‌ترین متابولیت‌های ثانویه عصاره متانولی اندام‌های مختلف گیاه Cynara Scolymus L. تحت تاثیر تنش آبی و تراکم کاشت

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

منوچهر طهماسبی 1 (دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس دانشگاهی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.)
یوسف حمیداوغلی 2 (گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران)
محمدباقر رضایی 3 (استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.)
علیرضا حسینی 4 (ستادیار، گروه مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام ، ایلام، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/03/21 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/09/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/09/01

کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, تراکم, کلروژنیک اسید, آرتیشو, کافئیک اسید,

چکیده مقاله :

در این تحقیق به منظور بررسی و مقایسه مهم‌ترین ترکیبات فنلی دارویی در عصاره اندام‌های مختلف کنگرفرنگی (Cynara Scolymus L.)تحت خشکی و تراکم، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی سرابله–ایلام و طی سال‌های زراعی 95-1394 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل تنش خشکی در چهار سطح (100، 75، 50 و 25 درصد نیاز آبی) به عنوان عامل اصلی و تراکم در چهار سطح (10، 20، 30 و 40 هزار بوته در هکتار به ترتیب با فواصل 2، 1، 67/0 و 5/0 متر در طول و 5/0 متر بین ردیف) به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. برگ و غنچه در سال دوم برداشت و پس از خشک شدن در دمای محیط جهت استخراج عصاره استفاده شد. شناسایی و میزان نارنجین، کافئیک و کلروژنیک اسید با استفاده از دستگاه HPLC مشخص شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش تنش رطوبتی باعث کاهش 78 و 11 درصدی میزان نارنجین نسبت به شاهد در عصاره غنچه و برگ شد. بیش‌ترین میزان کافئیک اسید در عصاره برگ (74/0 میلی‌گرم در گرم ماده خشک) و اثر متقابل آبیاری کامل و تراکم 10 هزار بوته مشاهده شد. خشکی باعث افزایش بیوسنتز کافئیک و کلروژنیک اسید غنچه شد اما در اثر متقابل با تراکم، فقط کلروژنیک اسید در تنش شدید آبی و تراکم 10 هزار بوته بیش‌ترین مقدار را داشت. بین عصاره اندام‌های مصرفی، کافئیک اسید و نارنجین در عصاره برگی و کلروژنیک اسید در عصاره غنچه بیش‌ترین مقدار را داشتند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In this project, in order to evaluate and compare the most important phenolic compounds in extract of different artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) organs under water stress and planting density, an experiment was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Sarabelle-Ilam Agricultural Research Station during 2014-2015. The treatments comprised four irrigation regime (25, 50, 75 and 100 % of the water requirement of the plant) in the main plots and four densities(10, 20, 30 and 40 thousand bushes in hectare with 0.5, 0.67, 1 and 2m interval within the row, respectively, and 0.5m between rows) in sub plots. herbal sampels were harvested in the second year, and after drying in room temperature were used for methalonic extract. Identification and amount of naringin, caffeic and chlorogenic acid was done with HPLC methode. According to the obtained results, increasing drought stress caused 78 and 11% reduction in naringin amount compared to control treatment of bud and leaf extract, respectively. The maximum amount of caffeic acid (0.74 mg/g dry matter) was observed in leaf extract and interaction effect of full irrigation and 10 thousand bushes in hectare. Drought improved caffeic and chlorogenic acid biosynthesis of bud, but in interaction effect with density, only chlorogenic acid had the highest amount in sever water stress and 10 thousand bushes in hectare .Among consumed organs extract, caffeic acid and naringin had the highest amount in leaf extract, and chlorogenic acid in bud extract

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