بررسی اکوفیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه Oliveria decumbens Vent. در رویشگاههای مختلف استان فارس

محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمی

دامون رزمجویی ¹ (1. مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران 2.استادیار، عضو هیئت علمی گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، ایران)
شهرام یوسفی خانقاه ² (استادیار،عضو هیئت علمی گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری،دانشکده محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان،بهبهان،ایران)
سمیه دهداری ³ (استادیار، عضو هیئت علمی گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، ایران.)
حمید محمدی ⁴ (دانشجوی دکتری مرتعداری، دانشگاه ساری)
فریبا نوعدوست ⁵ (استادیار، عضو هیئت علمی گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان،ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/05/26 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/09/01

کلید واژه: اسانس, ارتفاع از سطح دریا, گیاه لعل کوهستان, فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک,

چکیده مقاله :

گیاه لعل کوهستان (Oliveria decumbens Vent) یکی از گیاهان دارویی متعلق به تیرهUmbelliferae می‌باشد. در طب سنتی ایران از این گیاه جهت درمان سوء هاضمه، اسهال، رفع تب و بیماری های عفونی استفاده می‌شود. در این تحقیق به بررسی برخی اثرات فاکتورهای اقلیم، خاک و ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر روی ترکیبات این گیاه پرداخته شد. در این راستا در 3 منطقه در ارتفاعات مختلف بین (2200-1600)متر از سطح دریا در شهرستان ممسنی، در اردیبهشت ماه سال1394 سرشاخه های گلدار گیاه برداشت و در سایه خشک گردید. سپس به روش تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر) اسانس گیری صورت پذیرفت و با استفاده از دستگاه GC و GC/MS ترکیبات شناسایی گردید و در نهایت اثر فاکتورهای مذکور بر روی این ترکیبات متشکله لحاظ شد. نتایج نشان داد که به ترتیب تعداد 13، 16 و 11 ترکیب در سایت های دشمن زیاری، بوان و کوپن شناسایی شد که ترکیبات p-cymene، γ-terpinene، thymolو myristicin جز ترکیبات عمده هر سه منطقه محسوب شد.از بین عوامل محیطی می‌توان گفت که تنها بین فاکتور بارش سالانه و ارتفاع از سطح دریا با درصد اسانس و مواد مؤثره گیاه همبستگی معنی‌داری وجود داشت که این همبستگی در فاکتور بارش سالانه و ارتفاع معکوس است. از بین عوامل خاکی فاکتورهای هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته و ازت با درصد اسانس همبستگی مثبت و معناداری در سطح 5 درصد داشت به طوری‌که با افزایش هدایت الکتریکی خاک میزان درصد اسانس افزایش یافت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Oliveria decumbens Vent is a medicinal plant belongs to the Umbelliferae family. According to the Iran traditional medicine comments this plant is used for the treat of indigestion, diarrhea, relieve fever and infectious diseases. In this research, effects of climate factors, soil and the elevation above sea level were tested on the chemical compounds of O. decumbens. To this, the flowering branches of O. decumbens were taken from 1600-2200 a.s.l. in the Mamassani County in May and air dried. The Clevenger apparatus extraction was used to extract the essence. The chemical compounds were identified using GC and GC/MS and the effect of studied parameters on chemical components were determined. Our result indicated that, there are 13, 16 and 11 chemical compounds in Doshman Ziari, Bavan and Koupen sites, respectively. p-cymene γ-terpinene، thymol and myristicin identified as the main compounds of studied sites. There was significant correlation between the annual precipitation and e elevation above sea level with the essence percentage and chemical compounds of O. decumbens . Furthermore, soil electrical conductivity, acidity and nitrogen had positive significant correlation (p < 0.05) with the percentage of essential oil.

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