هماهنگی تجهیزات حفاظتی در ریزشبکه های مبتنی بر ژنراتور سنکرون با در نظر گرفتن حفظ پایداری نوسان اول
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر
حسن فیاضی
1
(دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
مجید معظمی
2
(دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
بهادر فانی
3
(دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
غضنفر شاهقلیان
4
(مرکز تحقیقات ریز شبکه های هوشمند- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
کلید واژه: ریزشبکه, هماهنگی تجهیزات حفاظتی, پایداری ژنراتور سنکرون, سیستم توزیع,
چکیده مقاله :
با اضافه شدن منابع تولید پراکنده به ساختار شبکه های توزیع، در زمان وقوع خطا، میزان و جهت جریان عبوری از حفاظت های اصلی و پشتیبان تغییر می کند و هماهنگی بین آنها را برهم می زند. در این میان منابع مبتنی بر ژنراتور سنکرون، نسبت به زمان رفع خطا حساس ترند و ممکن است پایداری شان به خطر بیفتد. با توجه به اینکه زمان رفع خطا به عملکرد سیستم حفاظتی وابسته است، این مقاله با بررسی انواع ترکیب ها برای المان های حفاظتی (رله-رله، رله-ریکلوزر و ریکلوزر-فیوز)، مناسب ترین ترکیب حفاظتی برای سیستم های دارای ژنراتور سنکرون را پیشنهاد می کند. از سوی دیگر به ارائه راه کاری اشاره می شود که به وسیله آن می توان ضمن حفظ پایداری نوسان اول ژنراتورهای سنکرون موجود در شبکه توزیع، هماهنگی بین حفاظت اصلی و پشتیبان را در زمان وقوع خطا و در حضور این منابع حفظ نمود. در این راه کار نیازی به تغییر و یا طراحی مجدد سیستم حفاظتی وجود ندارد. روش پیشنهادی با فعال سازی مشخصه آنی در کنار منحنی مشخصه رله موجود در سیستم، قادر است هماهنگی بین حفاظت ها و پایداری گذرای ژنراتورهای سنکرون موجود در سیستم توزیع را به ازای ضریب نفوذ صفر تا 100 درصد برقرار نماید. نتایج پیاده سازی روش پیشنهادی بر روی سیستم تست استاندارد 33 باسه IEEE در محیط نرم افزار ایتپ (ETAP) توانایی آن را تایید می نماید.
With the addition of distributed generation resources to the structure of distribution networks, at the time of the fault, the amount and direction of flow through the main and backup protections changes and disrupts the coordination between them. Synchronous generator-based sources, meanwhile, are more sensitive to error fixing times and their stability may be compromised. Since the troubleshooting time depends on the performance of the protection system, this paper proposes the most suitable protection combination for systems with synchronous generators by examining the types of combinations for protection elements (relay-relay, relay-recloser and recloser-fuse). Slowly On the other hand, this paper presents a solution by which, while maintaining the stability of the first oscillation of synchronous generators in the distribution network, the coordination between the main protection and the backup in the event of an error and in the presence of these sources can be maintained. There is no need to change or redesign the protection system in this solution. The proposed method, by activating the instantaneous characteristic along with the characteristic curve of the relay in the system, was able to establish coordination between the protections and transient stability of the synchronous generators in the distribution system for a penetration coefficient of 0 to 100%. The results of the implementation of the proposed method on the standard 33-bus IEEE test system in the ETAP software environment confirm its capability.
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