ارزیابی روش‌های تفریق زمینه بر پایه الگوریتم سیگما دلتا به منظور تشخیص حرکت
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر
محمدرضا مهویدی
1
(گروه برق و مکاترونیک، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران)
وحید قدس
2
(گروه برق، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران.)
کلید واژه: تشخیص حرکت, تفریق زمینه, الگوریتم سیگمادلتا,
چکیده مقاله :
پردازش توالی تصاویر ویدئویی برای قسمت‌بندی اجسام دارای حرکت (پیشنما) از قسمت‌های ثابت (زمینه) توالی تصاویر،یک مرحله اساسی در بسیاری از کاربردهای بینایی ماشین به ویژه تشخیص حرکت می‌باشد. یکی از روش‌های مرسوم، بکار بردن رویکرد تفریق زمینه است که اجسام متحرک را از مقایسه هر فریم با فریم زمینه بدست آمده، ایجاد می‌کند.در این مقاله، به بررسیروش‌های تفریق زمینه بازگشتی مبتنی بر فیلتر سیگمادلتا (الگوریتم سیگمادلتا) می‌پردازیم. الگوریتم تفریق زمینه یک تقریب بسیار سریع و ساده از زمینه فراهم می‌آورد و همچنین دارای این مزیت است که به منابع بسیار کمی از حافظه نیاز دارد. به دلیل غیر خطی بودن این الگوریتم، ویژگی جالب آن مقاومت زیاد در مقایسه با میانگین‌های بازگشتی خطی و هزینه محاسباتی بسیار کم است. اما، از طرف دیگر الگوریتم اصلی سیگمادلتا، در صحنه-های پیچیده و شلوغ با اجسام دارای حرکت آهسته و یا موقتا متوقف شده، آلوده می‌شود. همچنین، در این الگوریتم اثر روح و اثر روزنه‌ای به وضوح قابل مشاهده است. این مقاله به ارزیابی این الگوریتم و بررسی روش‌های تکمیلی و رویکردهای مختلف ارائه شده برای آن می‌پردازد. در این مقاله،تمام الگوریتم‌ها به صورت گام به گام اجرا و پیاده سازی شده است. هدف این مکمل‌ها و رویکردها، رفع و یا کاهش معایب و مشکلات الگوریتم اصلی است. در انتها یک تحلیل کمی بین این رویکردها انجام می‌شود و بهبودهای انجام شده، مزایا و معایب هر الگوریتم مورد ارزیابی قرار می‌گیرد و مقایسه بین الگوریتم اصلی سیگمادلتا و سایر الگوریتم‌های مرتبط ارائه می‌شود.
Processing a video stream to segment moving objects (foreground) from the static scene (background) is a critical first step in many computer vision applications. One of the common methods is using background subtraction approach, which detects moving objects by comparing each frame with the obtained background frame. In this paper, we examine background subtraction algorithm based on sigma-delta filter. This algorithm provides a simple and very fast approximation of the median and has the advantage of having low memory requirements. The interest of this method lies in the robustness provided by the non-linearity compared to the linear recursive average, and in the very low computational cost. However in the basic sigma-delta algorithm, the background model quickly degrades in complex urban scenes because it is easily “contaminated” by slow-moving or temporarily stopped objects. And in this algorithm ghost effect and aperture effect is clearly visible. This paper is a review to this algorithm and various approaches and improvements proposed for it. In this paper, first basic sigma-delta and then its important approaches is described. The purpose of this approaches and improvements is to eliminate or reduce the defects and disadvantages of the main algorithm. In the end, a quantitative comparison between these algorithms is carried out and improvements and advantage and disadvantages of each algorithm are evaluated.
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