شناسایی مؤلفه‌های تدریس اثربخش اساتید رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی از دیدگاه دانشجویان این رشته
الموضوعات : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیصابر عبدالملکی 1 , حسن ملکی 2 , فائزه اسدی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه درسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.
2 - عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه درسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اسلامشهر، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: آموزش عالی, یادگیری, برنامه‌ریزی درسی, تدریس اثربخش,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی مؤلفه‌های تدریس اثربخش اساتید رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی از نظر دانشجویان بود. روش پژوهش کیفی با استفاده از رویکرد پدیدارشناسی بود. جامعه پژوهش دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی ارشد و دکتری رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه‌های تهران و علامه طباطبائی بود. روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند بود که در آن دانشجویانی که شرایط نمونه موردنظر را داشتند با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند و اکتشافی مورد مصاحبه قرار گرفتند و با رسیدن به اشباع نظری یافته‌ها تعداد نمونه پژوهش 21 نفر شد. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل موضوعی داده‌های 7 مرحله‌ای کلایزی (1987) استفاده شد. تحلیل محتوای دیدگاه دانشجویان در مورد مؤلفه‌های تدریس اثربخش اساتید منجر به شناسایی 328 کد اولیه،26 زیر مضمون و 6 مضمون اصلی شد که عبارت‌اند از ویژگی‌های علمی (تسلط بر موضوع؛ دانش علمی معتبر و به‌روز از موضوع تدریس؛ برقراری ارتباط بین نظر و عمل در موضوع؛ رویکرد پژوهشگری نسبت به تدریس موضوع)؛ مهارت‌های تدریس (بیان مطالب به زبان شیوا قابل‌فهم و منسجم؛ به‌کارگیری روش‌های مختلف تدریس؛ کاربرد روش‌های تدریس فعال؛ استفاده از امکانات و وسایل کمک‌آموزشی)؛ مدیریت کلاس (مدیریت زمان؛ داشتن طرح درس؛ قواعد و قوانین کلاسی انعطاف‌پذیر؛ سبک مدیریت تعاملی؛ مهارت برقراری ارتباط)؛ ویژگی‌های اخلاقی (روحیه انتقادپذیری؛ توجه و احترام به دانشجو؛ شوخ‌طبعی؛ وقت‌شناسی؛ عشق و علاقه به تدریس و دانشجویان؛ عدالت)؛ انگیزش (استفاده از منابع گوناگون انگیزشی؛ ترغیب شاگردان به یادگیری؛ توجه به تفاوت‌های فردی دانشجویان؛ ایجاد شور و هیجان در فرایند آموزش) و ارزشیابی (کاربرد روش جدید و متنوع ارزشیابی؛ تناسب روش ارزشیابی با موضوع درسی؛ تأکید بر ارزشیابی فرایند مدار).
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