Assessment Effect of Different level of Nitrogen Fertilizer (Urea Source) and Interval between Irrigation Round on Crop Production of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L., cv. Speed feed)
الموضوعات :
Bahareh Jahangiri
1
(MSc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy, Khuzestan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. |Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.)
Mojtaba Alavifazel
2
(Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.)
Mohamad Reza Dadnia
3
(Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: harvest index, Forage, <i>Dry matter, Seed weight</i>, Fresh yield,
ملخص المقالة :
BACKGROUND: Nutrients play a very important role in chemical, biochemical, physiological, metabolic, geochemical, biogeochemical, and enzymatic processes. Innovations for saving water in irrigated agriculture and thereby improving water use efficiency are of paramount importance in water-scarce regions. Conventional deficit irrigation is one approach that can reduce water use without causing significant yield reduction. OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed to examine the changes of crop production of sorghum in response to apply different interval irrigation round and urea fertilizer. METHODS: A farm research was arranged via split plot experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications in 2012. Main plots were included apply three levels of interval between irrigation (I1: 8 day; I2: 12 day; I3: 16 day) and the sub plots consisted three level of urea fertilizer (N1: 200, N2: 300, N3: 400 kg.ha-1). RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different level of urea fertilizer, irrigation regime and interaction effect of treatments on all studied traits (instead harvest index) were significant. Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits revealed the highest amount of seed yield (817 gr.m-2), 1000-Seed weight (33.38 gr), Fresh forage yield (11829 gr.m-2) and total dry weight (3071 gr.m-2) were noted for 8 day interval between irrigation round and 400 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer and lowest amount of mentioned traits belonged to 16 day interval between irrigation round and 200 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer treatment. CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current research application 8 day interval between irrigation round and 400 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer had the highest amount of studied traits and it can be advice to producers in studied region.
Almodares, A., M. Jafarinia. and M. R. Hadi. 2009. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on chemical compositions in corn and sweet Sorghum. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 6(4): 441-446.
Babaogli, F., F. Rahimzadeh Khoeai. and M. Yarnia. 2012. Effect of biological fertilizer on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) CV. S.C. 504 in drought condition. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci. 2(3): 117-122.
Beyaert, R. P. and R. C. Roy. 2005. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on multi-cut forage sorghum, Sudan grass yield and nitrogen use. Agron. J. 97: 1493-1501.
Biari, A., A. Gholami. and H. A. Rahmani. 2008. Growth promotion and enhanced nutrient uptake of maize by application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in arid region of Iran. J. Biol. Sci. Biotech. Adv. 19: 135-138.
Cakir, R. 2004. Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops. J. 89: 1-16.
Chimenti, C. A., J. Pearson. and A. J. Hall. 2002. Osmotic adjustment and yield maintenance under drought in sunflower. Field Crop Res. 75: 235-246.
English, M. J. and L. James. 1990. Deficit irrigation. II: Observation on colombia basin. ASCE, J. Irrigation Drain. Eng. 116: 413-426.
Eskandari, H., A. Ghanbari. and A. Javanmard. 2009. Intercropping of cereals and legumes for forage production. Notulae Sci. Biol. 1: 7-13.
Gardner, F., R. Pearce. and R. L. Mitchell. 1985. Physiology of crop plants. Iowa State Univ. Press. Ames. USA.
Garg, B. K., S. Kathju. and S. P. Vyas .2005. Salinity-fertility interaction on growth. Photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activity in sesame. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 10: 162-167.
Hasanuzzaman, M., K. U. Ahamed, K. Nahar. and N. Akhter. 2010. Plant growth pattern, tiller dynamics and dry matter accumulation of wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.) as influenced by application of different manures. Nature and Sci. J. 8(4): 1-10. In: Rosegrant, M. W. and J. A. Roumasset. Economic feasibility of green manure in rice-based cropping systems. Proc. Sym. Sustainable Agriculture. The Role Green Manures Crops in Rice Farming Systems. IRRI. Manila. Philippines. May 25-29. 1987-1988. pp. 11-27.
Jaleel, C. A., P. Manivannan, A. Kishorekumar, B. Sankar, R. Gopi, R. Somasundaram. and R. Panneerselvam . 2007. Alterations in osmoregulation, antioxidant enzymes and indole alkaloid levels in Catharanthus roseus exposed to drought. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 59(2): 150-157.
Joorabi, S., N. Akbari, M. R. Chaichi. and Kh. Azizi. 2015. Effect of sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer on sorghum forage production in a summer intercropping system. J. Cercetări Agron. Moldova. 3(163): 63-72.
Karimi, A., M. Noshadi. and M. Ahmadzadeh. 2009. Effects of super absorbent polymer (igeta) on crop, soil water and irrigation interval. J. Sci. Tech. Agri. Nat. Res. 12: 415-420.
Karimi, A. and M. Naderi. 2007. Yield and water use efficiency of forage corn as influenced super absorbent polymer application in soils with different textures. Agric. Res. J. 3: 187- 198. (Abstract in English)Kirda, C., S. Topcu, H. Kaman, A. C. Ulger, A. Yazici, M. Cetin and M. R. Derici. 2005. Grain yield response and N-fertilizer recovery of maize under deficit irrigation. J. Field Crops Research. 93: 132–141.
Moghimi, N. and Y. Emam. 2015. Growth and yield responses of two forage sorghum cultivars to different nitrogen fertilizer rates. J. Iran Agri. Res. 34(1) 39-45.
Muchow, R. C. 1998. Nitrogen utilization efficiency in maize and grain sorghum. Field Crops Res. 56: 209-216.
Nawas-Nazanat, G., M. Sawar, T. Yousaf. and A. Nasseb .2005. Yield and yield component of sunflower as affected by various NPK levels. Asian J. Plan Sci. 2(7): 561-562.
Olugbemi, O. 2017. Sweet sorghum and nitrogen fertilizer application: A review. J. Agri. Sci. 2: 28-35.
Rooney, L. W. and J. M. Awika. 2005. Specialty sorghum for healthful food and feed. In: Specialty grain for food and feed; Abdel- Aal, E. and P. Wood. Inc. St. Paul. MN. pp. 283-312.
Roy, R. C., A. Sagar, J. E. Tajkia, Md. A. Razzak. and A. K. M. Zakir Hossain. 2018. Effect of salt stress on growth of sorghum germ plasms at vegetative stage. J. Bangladesh Agri. Univ. 16(1): 67-72.
Sadeghzade, A., M. Tajbakhsh. and A. Jalili A. 2012. Effects of foliar application of stimurel, Force 4-L and Dulzee on yield and yield components of sorghum speedfeed. Int. Res. J. Biotech. 3(1): 018-021.
Sepaskhah, A. R. and M. H. Khajehabdollahi. 2005. Alternate furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals for maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Production Science. J. 8(5): 592-600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.8.592.
Shamme, S. K, C. V. Raghavaiah, T. Balemi. and I. Hamza. 2016. Sorghum growth, productivity, nitrogen removal, N-use efficiencies and economics in relation to genotypes and nitrogen nutrition in Kellem-Wollega zone of Ethiopia, East Africa. Adv. Crop Sci. Tech 4: 218-226.
Sinclair, T., R. D. M. Bennetto. and R. O. Muchow. 1990. Relative sensitivity of grain yield and biomass accumulation to drought in field grown maize. Crop Science. J. 30: 690- 693.
Singh, D. K., A. K. Pandey, U. B. Pandey. and S. R. Bhonde. 2002. Effect of farmyard manure combined with foliar application of NPK mixture and micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of Onion. Newsletter-Natl. Horti. Res. Develop. Found. 21-22: 1-7.
Singh, M., B. A. Krantz. and G. B. Baird. 1972. Agronomic production techniques in sorghum. In: G. P. N. Rao. and L. R. House. (Eds.). Sorghum in seventies. Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. New Delhi. India. pp: 302-333.
Tarang, E., M. Ramroudi, M. Galavi, M. Dahmardeh. and F. Mohajeri. 2013. Effects of Nitroxin bio-fertilizer with chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of grain corn. Intl. J. Agri. Sci. 3(5): 400-405.
Thomas, M., M. J. Robertson , S. Fukai. and M. B. Peoples. 2004. The effect of timing and severity of water deficit on growth, development, yield accumulation and nitrogen fixation of mungbean. Field Crops Res. 86(1): 67-80.
Tolk, J. A., T. A. Howell. and F. R. Miller. 2013. Yield component analysis of seed sorghum grown under water stress. Field Crops Res. 145: 44-51.
