Strain distribution of Al 1100 was numerically investigated during cyclic expansion extrusion (CEE) process using finite element method (FEM). Die angle, corner fillet radius and die chamber diameter were considered as die parameters and friction factor and number of passes as process parameters. The effects of these parameters were investigated on the effective strain and strain homogeneity in CEE process. Results showed that the decrease of friction factor along with the increase of die angle, corner fillet radius and number of passes lead to more homogeneous strain distribution while chamber diameter has an optimal effect on the homogeneity. Material flow diagram of the deformation zone demonstrated that shear strains have a significant contribution to accumulated effective strain especially adjacent to the outer region of the sample. In comparison, in the central region of the CEE processed sample, normal strains exist as a dominant deformation route. Also, the results revealed that all the parameters except corner fillet radius (r) influence on the equivalent strain value. تفاصيل المقالة

One of the factors which are usually difficult to be measured in mills is the grindability and distribution of feed under real situation and in a short time. In the condition of achieving a fast and convenient way to determine these parameters, the proper relationship between energy, hardness and particle size distribution can be obtained. Feed hardness is one of the most important factors in grinding of minerals in mineral-processing process, and this parameter depends on factors, such as the mechanical properties of minerals and collision conditions. The efficient use of energy during grinding of minerals in mills is one of the main objectives of this research. This research tried to provide an experimental method based on real collision conditions in a mill. Nowadays, SAG design test is used for evaluation of grinding circuit in the time of change in feed particle size distribution, size of the ball and the speed of mill, and for the prediction of energy required for complete grinding in AG and SAG mills. In this study, a new SAG design test for measuring the amount of specific energy and feed grindability was suggested and the effect of various parameters on product size distribution and hardness results was assessed. Results show the deviation of the A×b estimated by new method with values of drop weight tests were less than 1.9 percent. This new model can also be used to accurately predict the specific energy and particle size distribution.. تفاصيل المقالة