این مطالعه به بررسی تنوع فیتوشیمیایی و خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی سه جمعیت از گونهPerovskia abrotanoides Kar. در محدوده رشته کوه البرز شرقی شامل استان های سمنان و مازندران می پردازد. نمونه‌های گلدار گیاه از سه رویشگاه طبیعی دامغان (ایستگاه 1، 1504 متر)، کردمیر (ایستگاه 2، 1672 متر) و شاهرود (ایستگاه 3، 1285 متر) در تیر ماه .1397جمع‌آوری شدند. میزان پرولین، پروتئین، قندهای محلول، ترکیبات فنلی، پراکسید هیدروژن، پتاسیم، مس، روی، آهن، نیکل، منیزیم، منگنز و کلسیم در سرشاخه های گلدار گیاه و همچنین میزان شوری خاک هر رویشگاه اندازه گیری شدند. عصاره های متانولی، اتیل استاتی، دی کلرومتانی و هگزانی نیز به روش خیساندن استخراج و میزان فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصاره‌ها با استفاده از ظرفیت مهار رادیکال‌های DPPH مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش به‌صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار و مقایسه‌ میانگین داده ها‌ با استفاده از آزمون دانکن در سطح احتمال 5 درصد انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار پرولین و پتاسیم از ایستگاه 1، بیشترین مقدار پروتئین، ترکیبات فنولی، منیزیم و شوری خاک از ایستگاه 3 و بالاترین مقدار آهن از ایستگاه 2 اندازه گیری شدند. همچنین ایستگاه 3 دارای بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی در تمام عصاره ها و تمامی ایستگاه ها دارای کمترین میزان فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی در عصاره هگزانی بودند. عصاره‌های دی کلرومتانی در ایستگاه های 2 و 3 دارای بالاترین میزان فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی بودند در حالی که در ایستگاه 1 بالاترین میزان فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی در عصاره متانولی یافت شد. بنابراین مشخص شد که با افزایش میزان شوری خاک محتوای فنلی و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی جمعیت های گیاه برازمبل افزایش می یابند. تفاصيل المقالة

Aluminum toxicity is the most widespread form of metal toxicity to plants in soil acids, initially causing inhibition of root elongation and blocks absorption of water and nutrients. According to this fact that soybean has been widely used in industry, this study investigated the effects of aluminum toxicity on biochemical factors in two varieties of Williams and Katoul of soybean plant. The study was carried out in a randomized design with aluminium (0, 200, 500, 700 µM) treatments and four replications in hydroponic culture. Results of biochemical tests showed that aluminum reduced the content of photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and reduced sugars in both cultivars of soybean. The proline content decreased with increasing aluminum in var. williams, but at var. katoul increased. It seems that G. max var. katoul suffers less than var. Williams. As regards, proline accumulation under Al stress to be generally higher in G. max var. katoul; hence, these results suggest that var. katoul is more resistant than var. Williams. تفاصيل المقالة

Environmental stresses are one of the most important factors of agricultural products reduction in the world. The influence of different concentrations of nickel nitrate (0, 100, 200 and 500 μM in Hoagland’s solution) on dry matter, catalase enzyme, flavonoids, hydrogen peroxide, peroxidase Enzyme, MDA and accumulation of Ni were studied in coriander (Coriandrum sativum) plants. Treatment with Ni led to significant increase in flavonoids, hydrogen peroxide, MDA and other aldehyde. Exposure of coriander plant to Ni altered catalase enzymes, leading to significant decrease in their contents. In both shoots and roots of coriander plants, significant decrease in dry matter was observed. Ni accumulation increased significantly in shoots and roots. Ni increased in the roots more than the shoots. According to a more accumulation of Ni in the roots, the expansion of plants root can help to better adaptability with the toxicity of metals. It may be used as an indicator to illustrate the differences between plant species. تفاصيل المقالة

Traditional and herbal medicines are rich and promising sources for drug development. The number of articles published on traditional medicines and their applications is rapidly increasing. However, despite the extensive ongoing research on herbal medicines, the results of such research are not remarkable. Against this background, this study aims to highlight some existing research gaps, the bridging of which will increase the quality and validity of the results of herbal research. To this end, Iranian and non-Iranian articles on Allium sativum L. were reviewed for compliance with standards and requirements for herbal research. Botanical nomenclature, processing and extraction procedures, and history of traditional medicine were identified as the main gaps in the reviewed herbal research. Researchers and authors should keep in mind that familiarity with the history, characteristics, and potential of traditional medicine systems is a key factor accelerating the process of developing nature-based medicines. Essential standards that have a great impact on the validity and reliability of the results of herbal research should not be ignored, either. In addition, there are still numerous areas that need to be considered by scientists and researchers, including the status of medicinal herbs, toxicological assessments, biological and pharmacological mechanisms of diseases, and research issues. تفاصيل المقالة

Ginger is used as a medicinal plant in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. In the research greenhouse of Damghan University, a factorial experiment with three replications and a completely randomized design was carried out to determine the impact of organic and mineral fertilizers on the biochemical characteristics of ginger. The experimental treatments included: 1) livestock manure factor at 5 levels: control, poultry manure (5 t ha-1), 50% poultry manure (2.5 t ha-1), vermicompost (10 t ha-1), 50% vermicompost (5 t ha-1). 2) Chemical fertilizer factor at 3 levels: control, NPK (100 kg ha-1) and 50% NPK (50 kg ha-1). The outcomes demonstrated that the application of 50% chicken manure produced the maximum level of ginger protein. After treatment with vermicompost, the guaiacol peroxidase enzyme exhibited its maximum activity. The highest catalase enzyme activity was observed in the presence of poultry manure treatment with a 77% increase in comparison to the control. Additionally, the content of soluble sugars of ginger in the treatments of 50% organic and inorganic fertilizers decreased significantly. The highest amounts of proline and H2O2 were obtained in 50% vermicompost and NPK treatments. The free radical scavenging power (DPPH) decreased in the presence of different fertilizer treatments (organic and inorganic). All fertilizer treatments were able to increase the total phenol content of ginger. The results showed that the biochemical characteristics of ginger plants showed different reactions to different fertilizer treatments. تفاصيل المقالة

Soils polluted with toxic elements are one of the major environmental problems in human societies. Sulfur (S), an essential element for the growth and development plants, plays an important role in reducing the toxicity of toxic elements as arsenic. In this study, the role of Sulfur different regimes (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg per kg) in reducing arsenic (As) toxicity in coriander (Coriandrum sativum) was investigated. The obtained results indicated that Sulfur application increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments, but it’s decreased the arsenic induced oxidative stress. Reduction of shoot and root biomass occurred in presence of sulfur different regimes and As various concentrations. S supplement under high As concentration increased protein content of shoot. Different S regimes resulted in enhanced both shoot and root As accumulation. Meanwhile, different treatments of sulfur allowed high translocation of As quantities from root to shoot. It is well illustrated that phytoextraction is one of the best methods for toxic metals phytoremediation. Thus from present study it is evident that the phytoremediation ability of plants for accumulates toxic metals may be enhanced through exogenous sulfur application. تفاصيل المقالة