This paper aims to describe the role of electricity retailer in power market for persuading consumer to shift their loads. It presents the influence of load shifting on retailer profit and risk management in market environment. In this problem, retailer participates in bilateral contract, also stochastic programming is used to manage the uncertainties of pool prices and elasticity of consumer. It shows that by participating retailer in market contract, the retailer profit will be changed. This paper also analyzes the consumer behavior when the load is shifted from the time with high price to the time with low price. The tariff of demand response program used in this paper is Time of use pricing for the periods of week. Risk Measuring is done by Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) in this study. تفاصيل المقالة

A Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind power generation system in microgrid significantly affects the power system operation. This paper describes the behavior of a microgrid with DFIG’s by use of control strategies under voltage sag conditions. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit and a Static Var Compensator (SVC) are employed to increase the operation of a wind power generation system based on DFIG during a voltage sag. Comprehensive simulation with the relevant details is performed using MatLab/Simulink software to define the effect of the SMES and SVC units by increasing the efficiency and performance of the system during voltage sag condition in a microgrid and the results are compared. For optimal use of the SMES and SVC units, economic considerations are applied. تفاصيل المقالة

Design and expansion of distribution systems seems inevitable in view of the need to satisfy the rise in energy consumption in a technical and economical way. Optimal location, sizing and determining the service area of substations is one of the principle problems in expansion of distribution systems. Also uncertainty is one of the important factors that increase risk of exact decision makings. This paper presents a fuzzy multi-objective model for HV/MV substations planning so that uncertainties are modeled using fuzzy numbers (trapezoidal form). The proposed fuzzy model is based on the risk of economic and technical objectives as well as fuzzy values of investment, operation and loss cost of the substations and primary feeders. This model determines the optimal time, location and size of substations using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The proposed model is applied on a typical distribution system to assess the efficiency of the approach. تفاصيل المقالة

In today’s restructured environment, congestion management plays an essential role in power system operation. Different methods are presented and discussed in this respect for congestion management in short-term and long-term intervals. It is attempted in the present paper to investigate the impact mechanism of FACTS devices and demand response programs together with generation re-dispatch as some facilities from transmission, consumption and generation sides on short-term congestion management of electricity market. For this purpose, Thyristor controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) representing series FACTS devices and Direct Load Control (DLC) program representing demand response programs in day-ahead power pool market are mathematically modeled and results will be numerically studied and analyzed on the 14-bus IEEE test system. تفاصيل المقالة