بررسی تأثیر عصاره اسطوخدوس در مقایسه با آنتی‌بیوتیک، بر عملکرد رشد، ریخت‌شناسی و جمعیت میکروبی روده، وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و کیفیت گوشت جوجه‌های گوشتی

Subject Areas : Camel

م. سالارمعینی ¹ (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran)
ا. سلاجقه ² (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran)
م.ح. سلاجقه ³ (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran)
م. افشارمنش ⁴ (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran)

Received: 2018-11-13 Accepted : 2019-03-16 Published : 2019-12-01

Keywords: جوجه گوشتی, اسطوخودوس, کیفیت گوشت, ریخت‌شناسی روده,

Abstract :

این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثرات عصاره اسطوخدوس (Lavandula angustifolia) به عنوان جایگزین آنتی‌بیوتیک فلاووفسفولیپول بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه، وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، کیفیت گوشت، ریخت‌شناسی و جمعیت میکروبی روده جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. در مجموع 220 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی (راس 308) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تیمار و چهار تکرار (11 پرنده در هر تکرار) به مدت 42 روز مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای غذایی عبارت بودند از جیره پایه بدون هیچ افزودنی به عنوان گروه شاهد و جیره پایه حاوی فلاووفسفولیپول (100 قسمت در میلیون)، یا سه سطح عصاره اسطوخدوس (200، 300 یا 400 قسمت در میلیون). وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل در دوره‌های آغازین (1 تا 10 روز)، رشد (11 تا 24 روز) و پایانی( 25 تا 42 روز) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. شاخص‌های کیفیت گوشت و ریخت‌شناسی ژوژونوم در 42 روزگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. علاوه بر این، در پایان دوره محتویات ایلئوم برای سویه‌های کلی‌فرم و لاکتوباسیلوس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتنتایج این بررسی نشان داد استفاده از عصاره اسطوخدوس (در سطح 400 قسمت در میلیون) سبب افزایش مصرف خوراک درکل دوره و بخصوص دوره پایانی پرورش گردید. همچنین، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در دوره‌های رشد، پایانی و کل دوره بهبود یافت. هیچ تفاوت معنی‌داری در رابطه با خصوصیات لاشه و وزن نسبی اندام های داخلی (سینه، ران، کبد، قلب، سنگدان و چربی محوطه شکمی) بین تیمارها مشاهده نشد. استفاده از گیاه اسطوخودوس در همه سطوح، سبب کاهش معنی‌‌دار عمق کریپت و افزایش نسبت طول پرز به عمق کریپت در ژژونوم گردید. تعداد کلی‌فرم‌ها در محتویات گوارشی ایلئوم جوجه‌هایی که از 400 قسمت در میلیون عصاره اسطوخودوس استفاده کرده بودند به شکل معنی‌داری نسبت به دیگر تیمارها کاهش یافت. میزان اندیس تیوباربیتوریک اسید و افت ناشی از پخت و پز گوشت پرندگانی که از جیره حاوی 300 یا 400 قسمت در میلیون عصاره اسطوخدوس تغذیه کرده بودند به طور معنی‌داری کمتر از سایر تیمارها بود. در مجموع، نتایج این بررسی نشان داد عصاره اسطوخودوس، بخصوص در سطح 400 قسمت در میلیون، می‌تواند به عنوان یک جایگزین مؤثر برای آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های محرک رشد در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

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