راهکارهای کاهش آسیب‌پذیری کشاورزان و بهره‌برداران بخش کشاورزی در برابر تغییرات اقلیم
Subject Areas : Education and training
عبدالواحد کعبی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران)
کوروش روستا
2
(دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران)
سعید محمدزاده
3
(استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران)
رضا برادران
4
(دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران)
Keywords: کشاورزی, تغییر آب‌وهوا, آسیب‌پذیری کشاورزان,
Abstract :
تغییرات اقلیمی در خاورمیانه و ایران همچنین کاهش محصولات کشاورزی و زمین‌های زراعی در ایران طی 10 سال اخیر نیز توجه بسیاری از محققان را به خود جلب کرده است. تحقیقات متعددی آسیب‌های اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی، روانشناسی- اجتماعی و فنی- زراعی را حاصل تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی در بخش کشاورزی می‌دانند. هدف مطالعه بررسی راهکارهای کاهش آسیب‌پذیری کشاورزان و بهره‌برداران بخش کشاورزی در مواجه با تغییرات اقلیم در استان خوزستان است. پژوهش حاضر طی سه مرحله مطالعه کیفی و یک مرحله مطالعه کمی انجام گردید. جامعه آماری بخش کیفی شامل83 نفر کشاورزان باتجربه و کسانی که بخاطر تغییرات اقلیمی دچار آسیب شدهاند، 18 نفر کشاورز نمونه معرفی‌شده توسط سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان خوزستان همچنین 33 نفر دانشجوی دکتری و 237 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته کشاورزی از دانشگاه‌های مختلف استان خوزستان و 100 نفر کارشناسان کشاورزی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی بودند. متغیرهای تحقیق نیز در مرحله سوم بررسی کیفی در شش راهکار و سه مانع(چالش) دسته‌بندی و جهت مرحله کمی معرفی شدند. مرحله چهارم مطالعه مرحله کمی بوده که در آن جامعه آماری پژوهش 384 نفر از کشاورزان و بهره‌برداران بخش کشاورزی استان خوزستان بودند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعت در مرحله کمی پرسشنامه براساس طیف لیکرت بوده همچنین شیوه انتخاب نمونه در بخش کمی و کیفی از نمونه در دسترس استفاده‌شده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که آسیب‌های اقتصادی تحت تأثیر راهکارهای مختلف ازجمله اقتصادی-مالی-حمایتی دولت، آموزشی-ترویجی، فنی-زراعی و اجتماعی قرارگرفته است. همچنین آسیب‌های زیست‌محیطی تحت تأثیر راهکارهای اقتصادی-مالی-حمایتی دولت، آموزشی-ترویجی و نهادی زیرساختی بوده و در آخر آسیب‌های روانشناسی- اجتماعی و آسیب‌های فنی- زراعی به ترتیب تحت تأثیر راهکارهای مدیریتی و فنی-زراعی قرارگرفته است. راهکارهای بیان‌شده در بعد کاربردی دارای موانع و چالش‌هایی هستند.
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