هدف از این مطالعه، تبیین ساختار اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی فقر در روستای شمشیر با رویکرد تئوری بنیانی می باشد. سوال اصلی پژوهش این بود که چه عواملی تببین کننده ی ساختار اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی فقر در روستای شمشیر هستند؟ تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی، روش تحقیق کیفی، روش های مورد استفاده برای جمع آوری داده ها؛ مشاهده، مصاحبه ی ساختار نیافته، یادداشت برداری و گروه متمرکز و روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نظریه ی داده بنیاد می باشد. نمونه گیری تحقیق، با استفاده از رویکرد نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و روش نمونه‌گیری نظری بوده است و از فقرای روستایی تحت پوشش کمیته ی امداد امام و اداره ی بهزیستی شهرستان پاوه مصاحبه انجام گرفته است. داده های مصاحبه در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند تا مفاهیم و مقوله ها طبقه بندی گردد. کدهای باز شامل 70 مفهوم و کدهای محوری شامل 24 مقوله در قالب ابعاد شش گانه ی مدل پارادایمی شامل شرایط علی، شرایط زمینه ای، پدیده ی اصلی، شرایط ضمنی، راهبردها و پیامد ها شناسایی شدند. در نهایت حمایت دولت، شرکت های خصوصی و تعاونی و سیاست های اقتصادی دولت و سایر نهاد ها راهبرد هایی در جهت کاهش فقر در روستای شمشیر هستند. Manuscript profile

پژوهش حاضر باهدف تبیین شایستگی های حرفه ای متمایز کننده عملکرد مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه ای استان خراسان جنوبی انجام‌شده است. روش تحقیق ازلحاظ هدف کاربردی و ازنظر جمع آوری داده‌ها توصیفی همبستگی است و به روش پیمایش انجام گردیده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق 141 نفر از مدیران واحدهای تولید خیار گلخانه ای بوده که به دلیل محدود بودن جامعه به‌صورت سرشماری موردبررسی قرارگرفته است. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است که در زمان انجام تحقیق 117 گلخانه فعال و اطلاعات بر اساس آن‌ها جمع آوری و به کمک روش آماری تحلیل تشخیصی تجزیه‌وتحلیل گردید. نتایج تحلیل نشان داد از 23 متغیر مستقل موردبررسی تنها 8 متغیر به ترتیب اولویت بر اساس بالاترین میزان ضریب همبستگی کانونی شامل: رعایت اصول انجام عملیات داشت، رعایت شایستگی های اعتقادی- اخلاقی در محیط کار گلخانه، به‌کارگیری شایستگی های مدیریتی، رعایت شایستگی های پایه محیط کار، آماده‌سازی بستر کاشت، تعداد دوره های آموزش- ترویجی مرتبط با گلخانه، آماده سازی خزانه و عملیات کاشت و سابقه کشت گلخانه که توان ایجاد حداکثر تمایز بین مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه‌ای موفق و ناموفق را داشتند Manuscript profile

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of academic burnout components on academic achievement among agricultural students at Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University (RANRU), Khuzestan province, Iran. The statistical population consisted of all senior agricultural students at RANRU (N=390) of whom 200 were selected by the stratified random sampling method (n=200). The main research instrument was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts, average variance extracted, and discriminant validity, and its reliability was established by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability. Data were analyzed by SPSSWin23 and SmartPLS3 software. Results of structural equation modeling revealed that academic burnout components (emotional exhaustion, academic cynicism, and academic inefficacy) had significant and negative effects on academic achievement among agricultural students at RANRU. The study may be useful to teachers, counselors, managers, policy-makers, and parents who may be able to assist students to reduce burnout. It is recommended that programs be developed to create awareness and encourage students in order to reduce academic burnout. Manuscript profile

The present study aimed to design a model for the professional competencies of greenhouse production unit managers in South Khorasan, Iran. The research was of applied type in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection, which was conducted by survey method. The statistical population consisted of 117 managers of greenhouse production units, who were surveyed through census because of their limited population. A questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. SPSS and Smart PLS software were employed for data analysis. For all competencies, Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were estimated to be greater than 0.7. The analysis of structural equations with partial least squares (PLS) supported all hypotheses. Finally, the model of professional competencies was identified with seven competencies including managerial, individual, business environment, theological-ethical, technical and professional, academic, and general agriculture competencies, among which the managerial and individual competencies were the most important ones from managers' viewpoints. It is, therefore, suggested that managers need to continually update and modify their management skills and information in order to make right decisions in dealing with new and different issues and reach the ultimate goal of production. Manuscript profile

Climate change in the Middle East and Iran, as well as the decline in agricultural products and crop lands in Iran over the past 10 years, has attracted the attention of many researchers. Numerous researches have considered economic, environmental, psychological-social, and technical-agricultural damages as a result of climate change in the agricultural sector.Solutions to reduce the vulnerability of farmers and beneficiaries to climate change in Khuzestan province will be discussed.The present study was performed in three stages of qualitative study and one stage of quantitative study. The statistical population of the qualitative section consisted of 83 highly experienced farmers and those suffering from climate change, 18 exemplary farmers introduced by the Jihad Agricultural Organization of Khuzestan province, 33 Ph.D. and 237 master students in agriculture from various universities in the province as well as 100 agricultural experts from the Agricultural Jihad Organization. The research variables were also categorized into six solutions and three barriers (challenges) in the third stage of the qualitative investigation, and introduced for a quantitative stage. The fourth stage of the study was a quantitative stage in which the statistical population consisted of 384 farmers and farming beneficiaries in Khuzestan province. The tool for data collection in the quantitative stage of the questionnaire was based on a Likert scale. As well, the sample in the quantitative and qualitative stages was selected via the convenience method.Economic losses have been affected by various such solutions as economic-financial-support by the government, as well as training-promotional, technical-agricultural, and social issues. Also, environmental damages have been affected by economic-financial as well as supportive solutions by the government, training- promotional and institutional-infrastructure issues, and finally, psychological-social ills and technical-agricultural damages have been affected by managerial and technical-agricultural solutions, respectively. The solutions stated in the practical dimension face barriers or challenges. Manuscript profile

The present study aimed to design a model for developing entrepreneurial behavior in agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province, employing an exploratory mixed-method approach. In the qualitative phase of the study, the participant team included all key individuals well-informed about entrepreneurship within the cooperatives of Kermanshah province. Thirty participants were selected using a snowball purposive sampling method. The statistical population for the quantitative phase included 530 managers and members of active agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province. Among them, 223 were selected using the stratified sampling method and Krejcie and Morgan's table. Data collected during the qualitative phase were analyzed using Nvivo8 software, resulting in the development of a grounded theory in the form of a conceptual model. During model analysis, research hypotheses were initially compiled and then assessed using the path analysis method in SPSS 23 and SmartPLS3 software. The findings from the qualitative phase, based on the grounded theory model, were categorized into six groups: Causative conditions (e.g., economic profits, personal incentives, etc.)Contextual conditions (e.g., cultural factors, diverse working areas, etc.)Intervening conditions (e.g., sanctions, market fluctuations, etc.)Phenomena (e.g., entrepreneurial behavior such as innovation, initiative in job tasks, etc.)Strategies (e.g., educational-promotional activities, keeping cooperatives up to date, etc.)Consequences (e.g., self-sufficiency in production, preventing cooperatives from depression, etc.).In the quantitative phase, the model emerging from the qualitative part was tested and ultimately approved. Based on the results, it is recommended that to foster entrepreneurial behavior in agricultural cooperatives, the research model be presented to cooperative members through training classes. Manuscript profile