Sustainable or unsustainable development?: Economy comparison of the energy-intensive industries with the ecosystem services income in Tiran
Mohsen Sarshad 1 , Hossein Azarnivand 2 , محمدعلی زارع چاهوکی 3 , Hamed Rafiee 4
1 - Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Natural Resources Faculty, University of
2 - University of Tehran
3 - دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
4 - Faculty of Economics and Agricultural Development, University of Tehran
Keywords: Ecosystem goods and services, Environmental inefficiency, Per capita income, Pollution, Sustainable development.,
Abstract :
Despite creating significant employment, the growth of the industry in developin countries is associated with high social-environmental costs. In theses regions, it is necessary to evaluate the capacities of both industry sectors and environmental resources in creating employment, taking into account marginal costs such as pollutants, for the society's awareness and creating employment in line with the sustainable development. Here, this study was investigated by evaluating ecosystem services and goods and comparing with the net value of polluting industries by applying social-environmental costs in Tiran city (Isfahan) in 2023. The informaton of the active indusrial units, and the type and amount of fossil fuels consumed were obtained from the industries and mines department of the Tiran, and the social-environmental costs of pollutants were extracted from the reports of the Ministry of Energy and statistical calculations were performed using empirical formulas. According to the results, both industry and environmental resources of the city played an important role in employment and economy, but the marginal costs of the industry are extremely high. In other words, many industries in the region are polluting, unprofitable and with high environmental inefficiency. Examining the marginal cost of industries showed that many production and transformation activities in the industrial sector have a high marginal cost. Also, various sectors of processing, production and conversion had significant environmental inefficiencies among industries. Financially, the annual value of all ecosystem goods/services was equal to 136440780.1 million Rials, the annual value of all ecosystem goods was equal to 21130944.5 million Rials, and the total value of industry products was 12166834.8 million Rials per year. Also, the per capita income of a worker in the industry sector and ecosystem-based jobs was 273.216 and 704.364 million Rials per year, respectively. In general, without taking into account the uncertain destructive effects of industries on ecosystem goods/services, by imposing social-welfare and environmental costs due to the release of pollutants, many industries active in this area have little profitability and it seems that investing for ecosystem-based employment is closer to sustainability.
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