Review of the Influence of Three Behaviors- Miserliness, Moderation, and Wastefulness- on Creativity
Subject Areas : Organizational and managerial creativity-logy, creativity and innovation management
1 - دانشیار دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)
Keywords: Creativity, Moderation, miserliness, wastefulness,
Abstract :
Filed under: creativity of individuals, organizations and communities are a prominent role. But this role is fulfilled very well that we can bring creative people from potentiality to actuality that this requires providing appropriate conditions. In this regard the behavior of three miserliness, moderates and wastefulness noted that their impact on creativity is uncertain. Objective: This study examines the effect of three behavior, miserliness, moderates and wastefulness the creativity is applied. Method: Using exploratory and qualitative methods, the position of indeterminate effect on creativity triple behaviors based on authentic sources were covered. triple behaviors and creativity, discipline and organization, and finally, the impact of behaviors on creativity trilogy was depicted in a single model. Results: The results of the study showed that three in a continuum of behaviors that stinginess and extravagance have put together the moderate middle point of their impact on creativity. In such a way that the behavior of avarice or waste away and be closer to moderation, it is creative. miserliness in the closed system through negligence in the behavior (not taking sufficient resources where necessary or less than the threshold, reducing communication, reducing diversity and lack of creative tension) reduces the role of creativity and wastefulness in open loop through the extremes in behavior (places unnecessary resource consumption or greater than the threshold of adequacy, increasing communication runaway, runaway diversity and lack of creative tension), reduced creativity. In contrast, the moderation in the negative closed loop system, through a moderation in behavior (consumption of resources where necessary and sufficiency level, targeted communication, diversity purposeful and creative tension), increases creativity. Conclusion: Based on the three models showed the impact of behavior on the management of creativity. In this way should be directed to promoting creativity in personal and social life and behavior are miserliness and wastefulness to treat moderate approach
قرآن کریم(1388). ترجمه: ناصر مکارم شیرازی. قم:اسوه.
نهجالبلاغه(1379). ترجمه: محمد دشتی. قم: مشهور.
طبالرضا(1381). ترجمه: نصیرالدین امیر صادقى. تهران: معراجى.
ابن شعبه حرانی، حسن بن علی (1380). تحف العقول. ترجمه: بهراد جعفری، تهران: اسلامیه.
آمدی، عبدالواحد (1377). غررالحکم و درر الکلم. ترجمه محمدعلی انصاری قمی. تهران.
بهشتی، محمدحسین (1380). نقش آزادی در تربیت کودکان. اصفهان. بنیاد نشر آثار و اندیشههای شهید بهشتی.
حافظ شیرازی، شمسالدین (768-705). دیوان حافظ. تهران: جواهری.
حجازی، سید مهدی (1378). درر الأخبار. ترجمه: سید علیرضا حجازی و محمد خسروشاهی. قم: دفتر مطالعات تاریخ و معارف اسلامی.
حکیمی، محمدرضا، حکیمی، محمد و حکیمی، علی (1380). الحیاة. ترجمه: احمد آرام. تهران: دفتر نشر فرهنگ اسلامی.
راغب اصفهانی، حسن بن محمد (502). مفردات الفاظ قرآن. ترجمه: مصطفی رحیمی نیا. تهران: سبحان.
رضائی، سید عبدالحسین (1364). الروضة در مبانی اخلاق. تهران: اسلامیه.
سعدی، مصلح الدین (570-588). گلستان. تهران: کارآفرینان فرهنگ و هنر.
سیوطى، جلالالدین (1363). الدر المنثور. قم: آیة الله مرعشى نجفى.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (1385). طراحی و تبیین الگویی برای تحلیل متغیرهای گروهی مؤثر بر خلاقیت. فصلنامهمدرس علوم انسانی، سال دهم، شماره 4: 111-134.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (1386). خلاقیت رویکردی سیستمی؛ فرد، گروه و سازمان. تهران: دانشگاه امام حسین علیهالسلام.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (۱۳۸۷). مدل تحلیل پارادوکس استانداردسازی رفتار و خلاقیت. مجله انجمن علوم مدیریت ایران. شماره 9: 131-154.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (۱۳۸۸). ارائه مدلی برای سنجش خلاقیت در سازمان. مجله علمی پژوهشی دانشور رفتار. شماره ۱۶: 17-34.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (1389) سیستمهایاطلاعاتیدرسازمان. تهران: دانشگاه امام حسین علیهالسلام.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (a1392). طراحی مدل تحلیل رفتار مصرفکننده بر اساس آموزههای اسلام. مجله اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی، دوره 7، شماره 1: 123-156.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (b1392). نقش کثرت در عین وحدت اعضای تیم بر خلاقیت.فصلنامهمطالعاترفتارسازمانی، سال دوم، شماره 3: 71-108.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (a1393). رفتارهای سهگانه بخل، میانهروی و اسراف از دیدگاه سیستمی. دوفصلنامهمدیریتاسلامی، سال 22، شماره 1: 141-166.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (a1394). مدیریترفتاربراساسآموزههایاسلامی: رویکردیسیستمی. تهران: دانشگاه امام حسین علیهالسلام.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (b1393). مدیریت خلاقیت: چرایی خلاقیت در سازمان. تهران: دانشگاه امام حسین علیهالسلام.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (b1394). تئوری سیستمی خلاقیت در سازمان. ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی. شماره 4: 163-207.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (c1392). چگونگی تأثیر تنوع منابع انسانی بر خلاقیت در سازمان. فصلنامهعلوممدیریتایران، سال هشتم، شماره 30: 25-56.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (c1393). مدل سیستمی خلاقیت در سازمان.تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه امام حسین (ع).
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (d1393). تحلیل نتایج رفتار بر اساس ادبیات اسلامی. دو فصلنامه مدیریت اسلامی، سال 22، شماره 2: 79-112.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (e1393). ترسیم نقشه دانش عوامل مؤثر بر خلاقیت در سازمان. فصلنامهمطالعاترفتارسازمانی، سال دوم، شماره 4: 115-147.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (f1393). مدل تحلیل جوسازمانی خلاق در سازمانهای تحقیق و توسعه. مجله علمی پژوهشی مدیریت فردا. شماره ۳۸: 43-52.
صادقی مال امیری، منصور (g1393). بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل خلاقیت کارکنان. ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی. شماره 1: 29-64.
صدوق، ابنبابویه (1377). معانی الأخبار. ترجمه: عبدالعلی محمدی شاهرودی. تهران: دارالکتب الاسلامیه.
صدوق، ابنبابویه (1382). الخصال. ترجمه: یعقوب جعفری. قم: نسیم کوثر.
طبرسی، حسن بن فضل (1360). تفسیر مجمعالبیان. تهران: فراهانی.
العروسى حویزى، عبدعلی بن جمعه (1373). نورالثقلین. قم: اسماعیلیان.
عطائی، محمدرضا (1369). مجموعه ورام، آداب و اخلاق در اسلام. مشهد: آستان قدس.
فیض کاشانی، محمدحسن (1342). المحجه البیضاء. تهران: مکتبه الصدوق.
قرائتی، محسن (1383). تفسیر نور. تهران: مرکز فرهنگی درسهایی از قرآن.
کلینی، محمد ابن یعقوب (1382). اصول کافی. ترجمه جواد مصطفوی. تهران: انتشارات وفا.
مجلسی، محمدباقر (1364). بحارالانوار. ترجمه: سید ابوالحسن موسوی همدانی. تهران: کتابخانه مسجد ولیعصر.
محمدی ریشهری، محمد (۱۳۷۹).میزان الحکمه.ترجمه: حمیدرضا شیخی.تهران: مؤسسه فرهنگی دارالحدیث.
مشکینی اردبیلی، علی (1387). نصایح. ترجمه: احمد جنتی اصفهانی. قم: مهر قم.
مطهری، مرتضی (1372a). سیرى در نهجالبلاغه. تهران: صدرا.
مطهری، مرتضی (1372b). آشنایی با علوم اسلامی. ج 2. تهران: صدرا.
مطهری، مرتضی (1372c). مقدمهای بر جهانبینی اسلامی. تهران: صدرا.
مولوی، جلالالدین (652-586). مثنوی معنوی. تهران: اقبال.
نراقی، محمدمهدی (1385). جامع السعادات. ترجمه: کریم فیضی. قم: قائم آل محمد صلیاللهعلیهوآله.
نوری، حسین (1366). مستدرک الوسایل. قم: آل البیت علیهالسلام.
Abbey, A & Dickson, J. W (1983). R & D work climate & innovation semiconductors. Academy of management, Journal, 26(3), 362-368.
Agrell, A. and Gustafson, R., (1994). The team climate inventory (TCI) and group innovation: A psychometric test on a Swedish sample of work groups. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 67(2), 143–151.
Agustus, A & Dickson, W (1983)."R & D work climate & innovation". Academy of management, Journal, Vol. 26. No. 3: 362-368.
Alex, B & Dermot, B (1967). “An experimental approach to organizational behavior “In personnel and industrial psychology, Edwin flesh man, ed. Home wood, 111. The Dorsey press, Inc.
Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating Creativity in Organizations: On Doing What You love And Loving What You Do. California Management Review,40(1), 39- 58.
Amabile, T. M. and Gryskiewicz, N. D(1989). The creative environment scales: Work environment inventory. Creativity Research Journal, 2(4), 231–253.
Amabile, T. M., Mueller, J. S., Simpson, W. B., Hadley, C. N., Kramer, S. J., & Fleming, L. (2003). Time pressures and creativity in organizations: A longitudinal field study. HBS Working Paper, 02-073.
Amabile, T.M (1996), Creativity in Context. New York, NY: Westview Press.
Amabile, T.M, Gryskiewicz, S.S(1987). Creativity in the R&D Laboratory (Technical report No. 30).Greenboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
Amabile, T.M. (1993). Motivational synergy: Toward new conceptualizations of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in the workplace. Human Resource Management Review, 3(3), 185-201.
Amabile, Teresa, Regina Conti, Heather Coon, Jeffrey Lazenby, and Michael Herron. (1996) Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 39(5):1154-1184.
Amabile, Teresa. (1998). How to Kill Creativity. Harvard Business Review, 76 (5), 77-87.
Amabile, T.M., (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations. In: Staw, B.M. and Cummings, L.L., Editors, 1988. Research in Organizational Behavior, vol. 10, JAI Press, Greenwich, CT: 123.
Ancona, D.G.and Caldwell, D.F. (1992).Demography and design: Predictors of new product team performance. Organization Science, 3(3),321-341.
Andriopoulos, Constantine (2001). Determinants of organizational creativity: a literature review. Management Decision, 39(10), 834-841.
Barret, R (1997). Liberating the corporate soul, HR Focus, 74, 4, 15-16.
Basadur, M. (1987). Needed research in creativity for business and industrial applications. In Frontiers of creativity research: Beyond the basics. (Editor: Isaksen, S.G.) Chapter 13. Buffalo, N.Y.: Bearly.
Bohm. D (1998). On Creativity. L Nichol(Ed) Londo, Routledge.
Boulding. K. E (1956). General system theory: the skeleton of a science, Management Science, 2(3), 197-208.
Bouncken Ricarda (2009). Creativity in Cross-Cultural Innovation Teams: Diversity and Its Implications for Leadership, in Peter Meusburger, Joachim Funke, and Edgar Wunder, eds. Milieus of Creativity, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 189-200.
Brand. A (1998). "Knowledge management and innovation at 3M". Journal of Knowledge Management, 2 (1): 17- 22.
Canney Davison, S., & Ekelund, B. Z. (2004). Effective team processes for global teams. In H. Lane, M. Maznevski, M. Mendenhall & J. Mcnett (Eds), Handbook of global management: 227–249. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Cook, P. (1998). The creativity advantage- is you organization the leader of pack: Industrial & commercial trainin, 30(5), 179- 184.
Cox, T., Lobel, S. and McLeod, P. (1991). Effects of ethnic group cultural differences on cooperative and competitive behavior on a group task. Academy of Management Journal, 34(4), 827-847.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., (1996). Creativity: Flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. Harper Collins, New York.
Dahlin, K. B., Weingart, L. R., & Hinds, P. J (2005). Team diversity and information use. Academy of Management Journal, 48(6): 1107–1123.
De Bono.E (1995). Exploring patterns of thought: Serius creativity. The Journal for Quality & Participation, 18(5), 12-18.
Drazin, R., Glynn, M. A. and Karanjian, R. K., (1999). Multilevel theorizing about creativity in organizations: A sensemaking perspective. Academy of Management Review, 24(2), 286–307.
Ekvall, G. (1983). Climate, structure and innovativeness of organizations: A theorical framework and an experiment. (Report) Stockholm, Sweden: The Swedish Council for management and Organizational Behavior.
Ekvall, G. (1991). The organizational culture of idea-management: A creative climate for the management of ideas. In J. Henry & d. Walker (Eds.) managing innovation. London: Sage. Pp. 73-79.
Farmer, S. M., Tierney, P., & Kung-Mcintyre, K (2003). Employee Creativity in Taiwan: An Application of Role Identity theory. Academy of Management Journal, 46(5), 618-630.
Foxall. Gordon (1990). Consumer psychology in behavioural perspective. London: Rovtledge.
French, S., Seidman, E., Allen, L., & Aber, J. (2006).The development of ethnic identity during adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 42(1), 1-10.
Fromm, Erich (1955). The sane society. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Gioia, Dennis (1995). Constrsts & convergences in creativity: Themes in Academic and Practitioner Views. In Ford, C.M. & Gioia, D.A. (Eds) Creative Action in Organizations: Ivory Tower Visions and Real World Voices. (pp. 317-329) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hargadon, A. B., & Bechky, B. A. (2006). When collections of creatives become creative collectives: A field study of problem solving at work. Organization Science, 17(4), 484-500.
Hoever Inga Jasmin (2012). Diversity and Creativity: In search of synergy. Doctoral Thesis, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Hoffman, L., (1959). Homogeneity of member personality and its effect on group problem solving. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 58(1), 27-32.
Hoffman, L., Harburg, E. and Maier, N. (1962). Differences in disagreements as factors in creative problem solving. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62, 206-214.
Howard. J. A (1983). Marketing theory of the firm. Journal of Marketing, 47(4), 90-100.
Isaksen.S.G. Lauer, K.J. (1999). Relationship between cognitive style and individual psycological climate: reflection son a previous sudy. Studia psychologica, 41,177-191.
Jackson, S. E. (1992). Team composition in organizational settings: Issues in managing an increasingly diverse workforce. In S. Worchel, W. Wood & J. A. Simpson (Eds), Group process and productivity, 138–173. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Jain, R. K., and Triandis, H. C. (1990). Management of research & development organizations. Managing the unmanageable. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Kanter, R. M. (1988). When a thousand flowers bloom: Structural, collective, and social conditions for innovation in organizations. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organ-izational behavior, vol 10: 169-211. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Kanter, Rosabeth, Moss (1983). The change masters. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Katz R. and Allen, T.J., (1988). Project performance and locus of influence in the R&D matrix. In Katz (ed.), managing professionals in innovative organizations. A collection of readings (pp. 469-484). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
Katz, R & M. Tushman (1981). An investigation in to the managerial roles & career paths of gatekeepers & project supervisors in a major R & D facility. R&D Management, 11(3), 103-110.
Kurtzberg, T. R. (2005). Feeling creative, being creative: An empirical study of diversity and creativity in teams. Creativity Research Journal, 17(1), 51–65.
Kurtzberg, T. R., & Amabile, T. M. 2001. From Guilford to creative synergy: Opening the black box of teamlevel creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 13(3/4), 285–294.
Land, Geroge & Beth, and Jarman (1980). Breakpoint & beyond: Mastering the future today. New York, Dell publishing co., Inc.
Lindblom, Charles E. (1959). The science of 'muddling through'. Public Administration Review, 19(2), 79–88.
Madjar. N, Oldham. G.R and Pratt. M. G (2002). There, s No place like home? The contributions of work and nonwork creativity support to employees, creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 45(4), 757- 767.
Mannix, E., & Neale, M. A. (2005). What differences makea difference? The Promise and Reality of Diverse Teams in Organizations. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 6(2):31–55.
Martin, T.J(1995). Ten commandments for managing creative people. Fortune, 131(3), 135–136.
Martins. Luis & Chistina. E. Shalley (2011). Creativity in virtual work: effects of demographic defferences. Small Group Research, 42(5), 536-561.
Maslow, Abraham (1962). Toward a psychology of being. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand Co. Inc.
Meyer, J. P., Irving, P. G., & Allen, N. J. (1998). Examination of the combined effects of work values and early work experiences on organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(1), 29-52.
Milliken, F. J. & Martins, L. L. (1996). Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Academy of Management Review, 21(2), 402–433.
Mintzberg. Henri (1975). The manager's job: Folklore & fact. Harvard Business Review, 53(4), 49-61.
Monge, P. R., Cozzens, M.D. and Contractor, N. S., (1992). Communication and motivational predictors of the dynamics of organizational innovation. Organization Science, 3(2), 250–274.
Mumford, M.D., Scott, G.M., Gaddis, B. And Strange, J.M. (2002). Leading creative people: Orchestrating expertise and relationships. Leadership Quarterly, 13 (6), 705–750.
Nemeth C. (1986). Differential contributions of minority and majority influence. Psychological Review, 93(1), 23-32.
Osborn, A.(1953). Applied Imagination. New York: Charles ScribnerScribner's Sons.
Peasall, M. J., Ellis, A. P. J., & Evans, J. M. (2008). Unlocking the effects of gender faultlines on team creativity: Is activation the key? Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 225-234.
Pelled, L.H., Eisenhardt, K.M. and Xin, K.R. (1999). Exploring the black box: An analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(1), 1-28.
Robbins. P. R, & Coultler. M (1996). Management, 5th ed., New Jersey: Prentice Hall, P.335.
Shalley Christina & Gilson Lucy (2004). What leaders need to know: A review of social and contextual factors that can foster or hinder creativity?Leadership Quarterly, 15(1), 33-53.
Shin Shung J., Tea- Yeol Kim., Jeong- Yeon Lee & Lin Bian (2012). Cognitive team diversity & individual team member creativity: A cross- level interaction. Academy of Management, 55(1), 197–212.
Smit, W. J., Albright, L. E., Glennon, J. E., & Owens, W. A. (1961). The prediction of research competence and creativity from personal history. Journal of applied psychology, 45, 59-62.
Stahl Gunter K., Martha L Maznevski., Andreas Voigt and Karsten Jonsen (2010). Unraveling the effects of cultural diversity in teams: A meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(4), 690-709.
Stein, M.I, (1974). Stimulating creativity, Vol. 1, Individual procedures, Academic Press, New York, NY.
Tesluk, P.E., Farr, J. L. and Klein, S.R., (1997). Influences of organizational culture and climate on individual creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 31(1), 27–41.
Thurow, Lester (2000). Creating wealth. The new Rules for individuals, companies & countries in a knowledge- based economy. Nicholas Brealey.
Tushman, M.L. (1982). Managing communication network in R & D Laboratories. In M. L. Tushman & W.L. Moore (Eds). Readings in the management of Innovation. Marshfield, MA: Pitman.
Van Knippenberg, D., & Schippers, M. C. (2007). Work group diversity. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 515–541.
Weisberg. R. W (1992). Creativity- Beyond the Myth of Genius. New York: Freeman.
West M (1995). Creative values and creative vision in teams at work, in: Creative Action in Organizations: Ivory Tower Visions and Real World Voices, edited by CM Ford & DA Gioia, (Sage, London), 71-76.
West, M. A. (2002). Sparkling fountains or stagnant ponds: An integrative model of creativity and innovation implementation in work groups. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 51(3), 355–424.
West, Michael, A. (1995). Creative values and creative vision in tems at work. In Ford, C.M. & Gioia, D.A. (Eds), Creative Action in Organizations: Ivory Tower Visions and Real World Voices. (pp. 71-76) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Williams, K. Y., & O’Reilly III, C. A. 1998. Demography and diversity in organizations: A review of 40 years of research. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds), Research in organizational behavior, Vol. 20: 77–140. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Woodman. W., sawyer, J. E., & Griffin, R.W. (1993).Toward a theory of organizational creativity. Academy of management Review, 18(2), 293-321.
Yong Kevyn., Kristina Birgitta Dahlin & Kristine De Valck (2011). Deep under the surface: the effects of diversity and depth of analysis on group creativity. Paper to be presented at the DRUID 2011. Copenhagen Business School, Denmark.
_||_