A comparative study of the social position of women in the short stories of the 20s from the perspective of the experimental role of language in the Halidi role-oriented approach "focusing on the short stories of Bozor Alavi, Ebrahim Golestan, Mahmoud Etemadzadeh and Jalal Al-Ahmad"

Subject Areas : Comparative Literature Studies

najmeh Hashemi ¹ , Alireza shabanloo ² , Abdolhosein Farzad ³

1 - Ph.D. student of Persian language and literature, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. (corresponding author)
3 - Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2023-12-03 Accepted : 2024-01-12 Published : 2024-03-10

Keywords: women's social status, : short stories of the 20s, role-oriented approach, experimental role of language,

Abstract :

Role-oriented linguistics emphasizes that language is a "social tool" and deals with those human actions that refer to the transfer of meaning with the help of language. Halidi considers language as a system of lexical choices that the speaker uses at three levels according to the context of the situation. Language is formed according to social needs and the surrounding environment and organizes meaning. This language function is called "Franqash" in role-oriented linguistics. The trans-roles of language are: the trans-role of thoughts, which is used for reading and analyzing the text; interpersonal trans-role whose purpose is to initiate or promote relationships to influence the behavior of others, express opinions, modify or change them; Transtextual role that has the task of adapting the message according to other textual and extratextual factors. The current research tries to answer these questions in a descriptive-analytical way, according to the statistical community of the research, what is the function of each of the linguistic processes in the textual structure of the short stories of the 20s? And according to the fundamentals raised in the intellectual role and the realist point of view governing short stories in the twenties, what image of "woman" and "her social position" have been drawn by male writers at this historical moment? Emphasizing on its "realistic and realistic character", short story literature has always sought to define a place for the presence of women and also free itself from gender restrictions and patriarchal readings. The findings of the research indicate that Bozor Alavi, Ebrahim Golestan, Mahmoud Etemadzadeh and Jalal Al-Ahmad each used different types of linguistic processes in the textual structure of their short stories to depict the positive social status of women.