By increasing the development of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) providing electronic map data exchange with internet and mobile applications, related problems such as keeping secure map information, safe transactions, and assured broadcast services are necessary. Every year millions of attacks on financial and data information will be caused a series of problems in the world. One of the most critical attacks on the application level is SQL injection into the Web database. This paper tried to present a model for preventing SQL injection into GIS applications, which leads to fetching and manipulating the map information and data from a database. It also provides solutions for IT managers to keep the GIS website secure. The model security steps were tested on one of the GIS portals of Iranian organizations. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, the security of an Iranian web GIS was checked before and after the announcement of the instructions, and the test results of the vulnerability checking with Acunetix and DVWA. The result showed that the website was completely safe and the model’s instructions for various stakeholders, including programmers, administrators, and GIS experts can significantly prevent this attack. Manuscript profile

Water and wastewater companies are facing a substantial challenge in covering the costs of infrastructure development and maintenance while maintaining fair pricing. This paper aims to propose a new pricing model for urban water that takes into account the costs of development, distribution, and maintenance of the urban water network, as well as factors such as pressure, water quality, and location factors. To determine the impact of location factors, the GIS analysis was used, taking the length of the pipeline route to reach each customer as a distance factor. Experts were consulted and a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach was used to determine the weight of each factor. The proposed pricing formula was compared to the current pricing system by comparing water bills from subscribers in Yazd province. The results showed that with the proposed pricing, water revenues align with its costs. Additionally, only 20% of subscribers experience an increase in their bills, while 30% see a decrease, resulting in relative satisfaction among subscribers. Manuscript profile