PbS nanostructures for solar cell application, deposited in different substrate temperatures by CVD method. FESEM images show nanostructures with rod and spherical volumes and porous surface for samples. XRD analysis verified formation of cubic crystalline nanostructures. Photovoltaic measurements also shown that with increasing in substrate temperature, efficiency conversion of cells was increased. Manuscript profile

Photoluminescence analysis is a useful method to study the optical properties of semiconductor nanostructures. Distinct processes take place to result in the light emission from the nanostructure. Various deposition methods and morphologies changed the emission band in semiconductor nanostructures. Three different morphology of Lead Sulfide structures such as nonospheres, star-shaped and dendrite nanostructures have been analyzed and the Photoluminescence results were compared. In three cases, band emissions are in visible region and it was observed that the incidence of quantum limits in resulting of increasing surface to volume ratio is impressive to optical properties. Manuscript profile

Lead sulfide (PbS) nanostructures are one of the possible candidates to be used in modern optic devices. It can be deposited by various methods. Composition of the deposited layers and their optical properties can be determined by Raman spectroscopy. In this work, Raman features of PbS nanostructures are discussed in detail. Several different morphology of PbS nanostructures such as nonocubics, hexapod and octahedron was studied. Their size and morphologies are expressed and discussed about their Raman spectrum. In each case, represented the reason of the any Raman peaks and finally, it has been tried to be a comparison between them. Manuscript profile

در این مطالعه مروری کوتاه به بررسی انواع روش های مورد استفاده در اصلاح سطحی نانوساختارهای سولفیدقلع پرداخته شده است. اصلاح سطحی یکی از روش های موثر جهت مهندسی خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی نانوساختارهای نیم رسانا جهت استفاده در کاربردهای مختلف می باشد. اصلاح سطحی نانومواد بواسطه اینکه بسیاری از خواصی مشاهده شده از آنها ناشی از ویژگی های میکروسکوپیکی سطحی آنها می باشد، می تواند رهیافت مهمی در جهت بالابردن بازدهی آنها باشد. لذا با مطالعه گزارش های ارائه شده در بازه زمانی گذشته از قرن میلادی حاضر روش های پلاسمای سرد، گازهای بی و با اثر، استفاده از پوشش پوسته، افزودن آلاینده و استفاده از لایه های تقویت کننده که گزارش شده است، مورد مطالعه و مرور قرار گرفته است. تکیه این مطالعه بر تاثیر این اصلاح بر خواص فیزیکی شامل شبکه بلوری، خواص ریختی، نوری، الکتریکی و لکترونیک نوری می باشد. در انتها نیز نتیجه گیری و چشم اندازی برای آینده این زمینه تحقیقی ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile

In this study, lead sulfide (PbS) films were grown on Fluorine-doped Tin
Oxide (FTO) glass substrate by thermal evaporation in a horizontal furnace to
investigate carrier gas effect on structural, morphological, elemental, optical, electrical
and photovoltaic properties of PbS. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the
formation of cubic polycrystalline PbS particles for all samples. The results showed that
using Ar+H2 as a carrier gas increased crystallite size of the film. Field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images showed nano-dimension surface
morphologies and revealed that using carrier gas can make the obtained films and their
surface porosities more uniform and regular. Also, the elemental analysis demonstrates
that using mixed carrier gas provides a better stoichiometry for PbS film. Optical and
electrical evaluations indicated improvements in absorption intensity and electrical
conductivity of the PbS film when using the mixed carrier gas. Finally, the deposited
films were characterized as solar cells and their quality parameters (QP) were extracted
and presented. The obtained results illustrate the improvement in QPs of PbS solar cell
when using mixed carrier gas. Manuscript profile