Travel time is a good criterion in analyzing transportation systems. There are two ways to calculate travel time: direct measurement, and prediction. Several classic statistical ways have been used to predict travel time, but when non linear nature is focused, developing a proper model with multiple linear will be a failure. This means that when data have a nonlinear inherent, using of linear methods such as some statistics methods will not be benefit and will not generate appropriate results. Meanwhile, ANN and ANFIS are nonlinear tools. Intelligent systems approaches such as artificial neural networks (ANN) and recently neuro-fuzzy have successfully appeared in prediction. In most applications of ANN, multilayer perceptron (MLP) is applied which is trained by the algorithm of back propagation error. The main problem of this approach is that it is hard to interpret the knowledge in the trained networks. Applying neuro-fuzzy approach, information saved in trained networks will be defined within a fuzzy data base. The aim of present research is to offer a strong neuro-fuzzy network and apply it to predict travel time and compare its results with methods like ANN and AIMSUN. Our results indicate that means for neuro-fuzzy prediction remarkably decrease the error criteria of predicted travel time. This research proves the possibility of applying Anfis in predicting travel time, and reveals that it can make very successful analysis on traffic data. To study credibility of prediction results, AIMSUN was applied and freeway travel time was studied and calculated by simulation. Manuscript profile

Service Availability is important for any organization. This has become more important with the increase of DoS attacks. It is therefore essential to assess the threat on service availability. We have proposed a new model for threat assessment on service availability with a data fusion approach. We have selected three more important criteria for evaluating the threat on service availability and used anomaly detection algorithms to evaluate the network behavior. Anomaly of each parameter over time was measured based on its past behavior. The results of each algorithm were aggregated using the order weighted average (OWA) and finally using fuzzy inference system (FIS), threat has been calculated. We have evaluated our proposed model with data from a web server monitoring. The results show that it can provide network administrator with useful information about the status of service availability and help them to reduce threats and losses due to their actual activation. Manuscript profile

Threat assessment in the computer networks of organizations can reduce damage caused by attacks and unexpected events. Data fusion models such as the JDL model provide efficient and adequate sensors to gather the right information at the right time from the right components. This information then is refined and normalized to provide situational awareness and assess events that may be intended as a threat. This study suggests a new method based on the JDL model where data collected from different sources is normalized into an appropriate format. After normalization, Data is converted into the information. Threat assessment unit analyzes this information based on various algorithms. We use three algorithms to detect anomaly, one to correlate alerts, and one to determine the successfulness of an attack. The model is then evaluated based on a small simulated network threat to ascertain the efficacy of the proposed method. The results show that the method is an appropriate model for situational awareness and threat assessment. Manuscript profile