Background & Aim: This study evaluated prevention effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of punica granatum Peel ethylene glycol-induced Nephrolithiasis in wistar rats. Experimental: 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups. Group I animals served as normal control (A) and received distilled water for 28 days. Group II to IV animals received 1% v/v ethylene glycol (EG) in distilled water for 28 days. Group II served as EG or negative control (B). Group III and IV (preventive groups) received hydro-alcoholic extract of punica granatum Peel orally for 28 days in dose of 200 mg/kg (C) and 400 mg/kg (D) respectively. 24-hour urine samples were collected on day 0 and 28. Urine volume and urine parameters levels (oxalate, calcium and citrate) were measured. On day 28, blood was collected for biochemical parameters (craetinine, urea and uric acid). Animals were sacrificed and kidneys were harvested, histopathologically evaluated for calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. Results & Discussion: EG significantly increased urine oxalate and calcium, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid levels. It also significantly decreased urine citrate level. In C and D group resulted in lower levels of urine oxalate, calcium and serum creatinine, urea and uric acid as compared to Group II. Also resulted in significantly higher levels citrate as compared to Group II (P<0.05). Industrial and practical recommendations: hydro-alcoholic extract of punica granatum peel is effective in prevention of EG- induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats. Manuscript profile

Background & Aim: Oocytes in vitro maturation is an enormously promising technology for the treatment of infertility, yet its clinical application remains limited owing to poor success rates. Therefore this study was designed to determine the effect of Gundelia Tournefortii root hydro alcoholic extract as a source of antioxidant on in vitro oocyte maturation. Experimental: In this study, the immature oocytes nucleated were obtained from NMRI mice (6-8 weeks). Germinal vesicles (GV) were cultured for 24 hours in maturation medium in MEMα supplemented with 7.5IU/ml hCG, 100mIU/ml rhFSH, 5% FCS (control group) and adding 10µg/ml Gundelia Tournefortii extract (group 1), 20µg/ml Gundelia Tournefortii extract (group 2) and 40µg/ml Gundelia Tournefortii extract (group 3). Then in vitro maturation stages and resumption of meiotic in all groups was recorded by inverted microscope. Results & Discussion: In group 1 that the oocytes were exposed 10µg/ml of Gundelia Tournefortiiroot extract,maturation rates was significantly higher compared with the control group (p<0/05). In group 2, the oocytes were exposed 20µg/ml of Gundelia Tournefortiirootextract, maturation rates showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p<0/05). In group 3 the oocytes were exposed 40 µg/ml of Gundelia Tournefortiirootextract, also maturation rates showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p<0/05). Industrial and practical recommendations: The results of this study showed that the Gundelia Tournefortiirootextract, has a positive doses dependent effect on oocyte maturation. So with increasing concentration of Gundelia Tournefortiirootextract, the rate of maturation immature oocytes is increased. Manuscript profile