2-(3- indolyl) 4,5 di phynyl imidazole.(IDPI) was used as a complexing agent in cloud point extraction for the first time and applied for selective pre-concentration of trace amounts of cadmium. The method is based on the extraction of cadmium at pH= 7.0 by using non-ionic surfactant Triton-X114 and 2-(3- indolyl) 4,5 di phynyl imidazole. (IDPI) as a chelating agent. The adopted concentrations for IDPI, Triton X-114 and HNO3, bath temperature were optimized, The response are linear over concentration range of 8.0-90 (ng mL-1) for Cd2+ and RSD % (n =5) 1.8 for Cd2+, Detection limits (3SDb/m, n =10, m = slope of calibration) of 2.8 (ng.mL-1) for Cd2+ respectively. The enrichment factors was 33 for Cd2+. the preconcentration factors was 39 for Cd2+ respectively. The high efficiency of cloud point extraction to carry out the determination of analytes in complex matrices was demonstrated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the ultra-trace determination of cadmium in real and water samples. Manuscript profile

In this study, carbon was made from walnut wood as a low-cost and non-toxicnatural adsorbent.Walnut wood(WC), were successfully synthesized by an in chemical vapor deposition methodthen characterized using FT-IR techniques and used for the removal of trihalomethanes(THMs) from aqueous solution. The trihalomethanes(THMs) removal by the developed adsorbent was investigated using batch adsorption technique and allparameters influencing the removal efficiency such as: dose of adsorbent, pH and initial trihalomethanes(THMs) concentrationwere considered. The optimal conditions for the trihalomethanes(THMs) removal were found to be 5, 65 min, 10 mg/L, and 50 mg for pH, contact time, initial THMs concentration, and adsorbent dosage, respectively. The rapid adsorption of the THMs is an advantage of this adsorbent. Various isotherm models were used to fit the experimental equilibrium data. The results showed the suitability and applicability of Langmuir model.The maximum sorption capacity qmaxandR2 in Freundlichisotherm of trihalomethanes(THMs) 3.0 mg/g and 0.995 showed onto Walnut wood(WC). Kinetic models such as pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order diffusion models indicated that the second-order equation model controls the kinetic of the adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters of adsorption process (G°,H°,S°) were also evaluated. The negative ΔGo value indicates that the process is feasible and the adsorption spontaneous in nature. The negative ΔHo value indicates the exothermic nature of adsorption and the value of ΔSo the change in the randomness at the activecarbon from Walnut wood(WC) solution interface during the sorption.The overall adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. The results indicated that trihalomethanes(THMs) adsorption onto Walnut wood(WC) might be a physical adsorption. Manuscript profile

Abstract A simple, sensitive and feasible cloud-point extraction(CPE) methodology has been developed for the separation and preconcentration of cadmium and lead ions in real samples. The metals in the aqueous solution were complexes with 2-(3- indolyl) - 4,5 di phynyl imidazole.(IDPI), at pH = 7.0 and Triton X-114 was added as surfactant. Thevariables effecting like concentration of Triton X-114 and HNO3, bath temperature, centrifuge rate and time on the cloud-point extraction were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the response are linear over concentration range of 0.077-1.29(µg mL-1)for Zn2+andRSD % (n =5) 1.6 forZn2+, Detection limits (3SDb/m, n = 10, m = slope of calibration) of 0.14(µg.mL-1) Zn2+respectively. The enrichment factors was 33, the preconcentrationfactors was 27 for Zn2+respectively. The high efficiency of cloud point extraction to carry out the determination of analytes in complex matrices was demonstrated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the ultra-trace determination of cadmium in real samples. Manuscript profile

In this study, carbon was easily made from walnut wood as a low-cost and non-toxic natural adsorbent. Ziziphusspina-christi (ZSAC), an excellent adsorbent, were successfully synthesized by an in chemical vapor deposition method and used for the removal of Bismark Brown(BB) dye from aqueous solution. The as-synthesized Ziziphusspina-christi (ZSAC) were characterized by FT-IR technique. Various operational parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration and contact time in batch systems were investigated on the use of Ziziphusspina-christi (ZSAC). Equilibrium data obtained have been fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, and DubininRadushkevich adsorption isotherms. Langmuir isotherm best fits the experimental results. Kinetic modeling of pseudo -first order and pseudo-second order showed that the pseudo-second order equation was the most appropriate for the description of Bismark Brown(BB) dye adsorption by (ZSAC). The maximum sorption capacity qmax in Langmuir isotherm of (BB) 35.88 mg/g showed onto (ZSAC), The overall adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. The thermodynamic functions (ΔSº, ΔHº, ΔGº) of the studied reaction are calculated using activated complex theory and show that adsorption (BB) dye onto (ZSAC) process requires heat. The results indicated that Bismark Brown(BB) adsorption onto Ziziphusspina-christi (ZSAC)might be a physical adsorption. Manuscript profile

The applicability of the synthesized CM-β-CD-Fe3O4NPs as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Crystal Violet (CV) dye from aqueous media was investigated. This paper focuses on the development of an effective methodology to obtain the optimum removal conditions assisted by ultrasonic to maximize removal of (CV) dye onto CM-β-CD-Fe3O4NPs in aqueous solution using response surface methodology (RSM). This novel material was characterized by different techniques such as FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The influences of variables such as initial (CV) dye concentration (X1), pH (X2), adsorbent dosage (X3), sonication time (X4) investigated by central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology. The process was empirically modeled to reveal the significant variables and their possible interactions. The optimization conditions were set as: 10.0 mg L-1, 6.0, 5 min and 0.025 g, for ultrasound time, pH, adsorbent mass, (CV) dye concentration respectively. Finally, it was shown that the adsorption of (CV) dye removal by adsorbent was at pH 6.0. This issue that the sorption of (CV) dye conforms to the pseudo-second-order rate equation and the Langmuir model explains equilibrium data was clearly proven. The maximum monolayer capacity (qmax) was found to be 100.0 mgg-1 for (CV) dye at optimum conditions. The application of Isotherms in obtaining the thermodynamic parameters like free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) of adsorption were confirmed. The exothermicity of the process was proven by negative value of (ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo) which showed the affinity of CM-β-CD-Fe3O4NPs synthesis for Crystal Violet (CV) dye deletion. Manuscript profile