This study aimed to evaluate the relative bioavailability value (RBV) of different manganese mono oxide (MnO) sources and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) in broiler diets as well as their effect on tibial characteristics, and serum inorganic phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca) and Mn concentrations. The experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with 660 broiler chicks (Ross 308) assigned to 12 dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 10 birds each. The experimental diets consisted of one basal diet (as control), and 10 treatment groups which were supplemented with 400 or 800 mg/kg of feed of 1-5 MnO sources with 35%, 25%, 45-55%, 30%, and 40% purities, respectively; MnSO4 was also used (800 mg/kg of feed) in a treatment group as a reference standard with 100% bioavailability. The mean RBV of MnO sources (27.27 to 181.82%) showed a significant difference (P<0.05). The results also showed sera Ca and Mn concentrations, and retention of Mn in diet and tibia bone were significantly affected by different Mn sources used (P<0.05). Although no differences were observed for sera P, Ca, and Mn concentrations, regardless of the level of supplementation (P<0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that the purity of Mn supplement sources has a relationship with RBV of Mn, Mn absorption, and its retention in broiler bone and ileum. Manuscript profile

These experiments were conducted to determine metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibilities of soybean meal, sunflower meal and canola meal in broiler chickens by using titanium oxide as indigestible marker in intact or caecectomized cockerels. Ileal and total tract digestibility of amino acids were measured using broiler chickens, moreover, digestibility were also determined in the intact and caecectomized cockerels. The mean excreta apparent and true digestibility of amino acid in broiler and intact cockerel were 76.99, 78.07 and 84.18, 88.35 for soybean meal 92.16, 92.84 and 78.09, 85.94 for sunflower meal and 69.82, 70.22 and 86.47, 88.50% for canola meal respectively. The mean values of ileal apparent and true digestibilities (standardized ileal digestibility) of amino acid in broiler were 72.18, 73.12 for soybean meal; 47.48, 48.47 for sunflower meal and 62.05, 62.45% for canola meal respectively. The mean values of apparent and true digestibilities of amino acid obtained from caecectomized cockerel and broiler were 80.34, 84.45 for soybean meal, 74.48, 82.47 for sunflower meal and 84.74, 87.12% for canola meal respectively. The experiments shown that apparent amino acid digestibility of soybean (9 to 11%), sunflower (34 to 50%) and canola meals (19 to 27%) from broiler (excreta and ileum), were lower than those intact and caecectomized cockerel. The result of experiments indicated that apparent metabilizable energy (AME), True metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn), True Metabolizable Energy (TME) and Nitrogen correction of True Metabolizable Energy (TMEn) values for canola and sunflower meals at 21 and 42 d broiler were significantly higher than cockerels. However, data shown that amount of metabolizable energy obtained from canola and sunflower meals were higher than those of broiler excreta or ileal and caecectomized cockerels. Manuscript profile